Post on 22-Jun-2015
VERB TO BE – ser o estar
Present
am
is
are
was
were
Past
Recuerda: VERBO TO BE PRESENTE
AFIRMATIVOFORMA SIN CONTRAER
FORMA CONTRAIDA
ESPAÑOL
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are
I’m
You’re
He’s
She’s
It’s
We’re
You’re
They’re
Yo soy / Yo estoy
Tú eres / Tú estás
Él es / El está
Ella es / Ella está
Esto es / Esto está
Nosotros somos / estamos
Vosotros sois / estáis
Ellos son / están
VERBO TO BE PRESENTENEGATIVO
FORMA SIN CONTRAER
FORMA CONTRAIDA
ESPAÑOL
I am not
You are not
He is not
She is not
It is not
We are not
You are not
They are not
I’m not
You aren’t
He isn’t
She isn’t
It isn’t
We aren’t
You aren’t
They aren’t
Yo no soy / Yo no estoy
Tú no eres / Tú no estás
Él no es / El no está
Ella no es / Ella no está
Esto no es / Esto no está
Nosotros no somos/no estamos
Vosotros no sois/no estáis
Ellos no son /no están
VERBO TO BE PRESENTEINTERROGATIVO
FORMA SIN CONTRAER
FORMA CONTRAIDA ESPAÑOL
Am I…?
Are you…?
Is he…?
Is she…?
Is it…?
Are we…?
Are you…?
Are they…?
¿Soy yo…? / ¿Estoy yo…?
¿Eres tú…? / ¿Estás tú…?
¿Es él…? / ¿Está él…?
¿Es ella…? / ¿Está ella…?
¿Es esto…? / ¿Está esto …?
¿Somos / Estamos
nosotros…?
¿Sois / Estáis vosotros…?
¿Son ellos…? / ¿Están ellos…?
VERBO TO BE PASADOAFIRMATIVO
El verbo be es el único verbo que tiene dos formas en el pasado WAS Y WERE
FORMA SIN CONTRAER
FORMA CONTRAIDA
ESPAÑOL
I was
You were
He was
She was
It was
We were
You were
They were
Yo era / Yo estaba
Tú eras / Tú estabas
Él era / El estaba
Ella era / Ella estaba
Esto era / Esto estaba
Nosotros éramos/estábamos
Vosotros erais / estáis
Ellos eran / estaban
VERBO TO BE PASADONEGATIVO
Para formar oraciones negativas se añade not después de be
FORMA SIN CONTRAER
FORMA CONTRAIDA
ESPAÑOL
I was not
You were not
He was not
She was not
It was not
We were not
You were not
They were not
I wasn’t
You weren’t
He wasn’t
She wasn’t
It wasn’t
We weren’t
You weren’t
They weren’t
Yo no era /estaba
Tú no eras / estabas
Él no era /estaba
Ella no era / estaba
Esto no era /estaba
Nosotros no éramos/estábamos
Vosotros no erais /estáis
Ellos no eran / estaban
VERBO TO BE PASADOINTERROGATIVO
Para formar oraciones interrogativas se invierten el sujeto y el verbo
FORMA SIN CONTRAER
FORMA CONTRAIDA ESPAÑOL
Was I…?
Were you…?
Was he…?
Was she…?
Was it…?
Were we…?
Were you…?
Were they…?
¿Era / Estaba yo…?
¿Eras / Estabas tú…?
¿Era / Estaba él…?
¿Era / Estaba ella…?
¿Era / Estaba esto…?
¿Éramos /Estábamos nosotros…?
¿Erais / Estabais vosotros…?
¿Eran / Estaban ellos…?
PASADO SIMPLE• ¿Cuándo se utiliza el Pasado Simple?
• Se utiliza para hablar de algo que ocurrió en el pasado
Yesterday / last… / ago
• I saw you yesterday (Yo te vi ayer)
• I watched a film last night. (Yo vi una pelicula anoche)
• I came here two years ago (Yo vine aquí hace dos años)
Did
Verbo auxiliar
Oraciones negativas
I didn’t talk to Sarah
Oraciones interrogati
vas
Did you talk to Sarah?
Pasado del verbo “do”
(hacer)
I did my homework yesterday
PASADO SIMPLEVERBOS
REGULARESVERBOS
IRREGULARES
+Añadir -ed
You played football yesterdayTu jugaste al futbol ayer
Lista verbos irregulares
I saw John yesterday
Yo vi a John ayer
-Did not/didn’t + verbo en infinitivo sin “to”
You didn’t play basketball yesterday
Tu no jugaste al baloncesto ayer
I didn’t see John yesterday
Yo no vi a John ayer
?Did + sujeto + verbo en infinitivo sin “to”
Did you play basketball
yesterday?
¿Jugaste al baloncesto ayer?
Did you see John yesterday?
¿Viste tu a John ayer?
PASADO SIMPLE AFIRMATIVO• ¿Cómo se forma el Pasado Simple?
VERBOS REGULARES VERBOS IRREGULARES
La forma afirmativa se forma añadiendo -ed al verbo.
Like Liked
Love Loved
Work Worked
Look Looked
Play Played
I played football yesterday
(yo jugué al futbol ayer)
El pasado de los verbos irregulares varía según el verbo. Es necesario aprenderse la lista de los verbos irregulares
Buy Bought (comprar)
Come Came (venir)
Do Did (hacer)
See Saw (ver)
I bought a book yesterday
(Yo compré un libro ayer)
PASADO SIMPLE AFIRMATIVO
VERBOS REGULARES VERBOS IRREGULARES
Love Loved
Work Worked
Look Looked
Play Played
Visit visited
Watch watched
Live lived
Want wanted
Finish finished
Arrive arrived
Plan planned
Begin began
Buy bought
Come came
Do did
Drink Drank
Drive drove
Eat ate
Find found
Get up got up
Go went
Have had
PASADO SIMPLE AFIRMATIVO
VERBOS REGULARES – Reglas ortográficas•Los verbos que acaban en –e solamente se le añade –
d
(llegar) Arrive arrived
(Explorar) Explore explored
•Verbos que terminan en vocal consonante doblan la consonante y se añade –ed.
(planear) Plan planned
(Parar) Stop stopped
•Verbos que terminan en consonante +y eliminan la –y añaden –ied.
(estudiar) Study studied
(llevar) Carry carried
PASADO SIMPLE AFIRMATIVO
Verbos que terminan en:
se le añade
Ejemplos
-e -d Arrive arrivedExplore explored
Consonante + y y ied Study studiedCarry carried
Vocal + consonante x2 +ed
Plan plannedStop stopped
VERBOS REGULARES Esquema reglas de ortografía
PASADO SIMPLE AFIRMATIVO
VERBOS REGULARES – PronunciaciónPara pronunciar el pasado de los verbos regulares sigue estas tres reglas simples y no te equivocarás:
1. Pronuncia una / d / si el verbo termina en sonido vocal o
consonante (excepto / d /).
played cleaned opened listened loved
2. Pronuncia una / t / si el verbo termina en sonido consonante
(excepto / t /).
watched hiked fixed missed walked asked washed
3. Se pronuncia / id / si el sonido final del verbo es / d /
o / t /.
Invited visited started attended skated hated
PASADO SIMPLE AFIRMATIVO
VERBOS REGULARESPlay (jugar) - played
VERBOS IRREGULARESGo (ir)-went
I played
You played
He played
She played
It played
We played
You played
They played
I went
You went
He went
She went
It went
We went
You went
They went
PASADO SIMPLE NEGATIVO
VERBOS REGULARES VERBOS IRREGULARES I didn’t play
You didn’t play
He didn’t play
She didn’t play
It didn’t play
We didn’t play
You didn’t play
They didn’t play
I didn’t go
You didn’t go
He didn’t go
She didn’t go
It didn’t go
We didn’t go
You didn’t go
They didn’t go
Para formar oraciones negativas en pasado se utiliza “did”. “Did” es el pasado del verbo auxiliar do
Observa que el verbo no varía su forma con ninguno de los pronombres tanto con los verbos regulares como los irregulares.
Sujeto V. Auxiliar + not
Verbo Complementos
I didn’t speak English
PASADO SIMPLE INTERROGATIVO
VERBOS REGULARES VERBOS IRREGULARES Did I play…?
Did you play …?
Did he play …?
Did she play …?
Did it play …?
Did we play …?
Did you play …?
Did they play …?
Did I go…?
Did you go …?
Did he go …?
Did she go …?
Did it go …?
Did we go …?
Did you go …?
Did they go …?
Para formar oraciones interrogativas en pasado se utiliza “did”. “Did” es el pasado del verbo auxiliar do.
Observa que el verbo no varía su forma con ninguno de los pronombres tanto con los verbos regulares como los irregulares.
V. Auxiliar Sujeto Verbo Complementos
Did you like the film?
PASADO SIMPLE: ACTIVIDADES• Transforma estas oraciones en interrogativas
1. She was late. Was she late?2. My parents were at home
Were my parents at home?3. They watched TV yesterday evening.
Did they watch TV yesterday evening?4. Sue looked at their photos. Did she look at their photos?5. My cousins took the bus.
Did my cousins take the bus?
PASADO SIMPLE: ACTIVIDADES• Transforma estas oraciones en negativas.
1. Fred called a taxi. Fred didn’t call a taxi.2. He was very angry.
He wasn’t very angry.3. My father arrived before dinner.
My father didn’t arrive before dinner.4. Betty liked the film. Betty didn’t like the film.5. We were tired.
We weren’t tired.
PASADO SIMPLE: ACTIVIDADES• Contesta estas preguntas con la respuesta corta
1. Did your sisters bring their rackets?. Yes… Yes they did2. Did you like this book? No…
No I didn’t3. Were you tired yesterday? No…
No I wasn’t4. Did the teacher talk to you? Yes… Yes he did5. Was the window open? Yes…
Yes it was