20120213 Precios Altos USA

8/17/2019 20120213 Precios Altos USA

1/9

Peak Everything -- Why Everything Costs

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By Tom Randall and Eric Roston | Bloomberg – 5 hours ago

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2/9

Shell Ail geologist named I. 'ing ?ubbert predicted in 1!28 that 3.S. oil production would pea$ in the early 1!0s. 6hen it didL ?ubbert became the geologist eFui)alent o# a roc$ star andga)e the young en)ironmental mo)ement e)idence #or something it was see$ing: a limit togrowth.

6hen is JJ or was JJ pea$ world oil production CtMs -ust not the right Fuestion anymore.%eepwater drillingL tar sands etractionL and the shale gas boom ha)e etended the supply o#hydrocarbon #uels. *he new Fuestion: 6hatMs the smartest way to use them

*he iconic Pea$ Ail eample has inspired parlorJgame Fuestions about other resources. SomeLli$e coalL are #initeN othersL li$e waterL are renewable but ha)e limits to how Fuic$ly reser)es can be replenished. 4an Earth $eep up with our demand 4all it Pea$ E)erything.

Peak Uranium -- Nuclear Risk Declines Post-ukushima

"Pea$ uranium" entered the leicon with pea$ oilL coal and natural gas in 1!28L when Shell Ail

geologist ?ubbert s$etched out his #amous resource bell cur)es. *he #uture is still up #or debate.

*he world reached a uranium production pea$ in the 1!0sL e)en as consumption climbed.?owe)erL supplies continued to meet demand because weapons decommissioned a#ter the 4old6ar were repurposed #or commercial #uel. *hose sources are now drying upL and a new demandJdri)en pea$ may be on the hori&on.

*he Bu$ushima %aiichi disaster in Dapan last year scaled bac$ global nuclear ambitiondramatically and raised Fuestions about nuclear powerMs #uture. *hat ma$es pea$ uranium anuncertain ris$ at a time when other power sourcesL such as solarL wind and natural gasL ha)emade great gains.

Peak Po!ulation -- Driving the Race "or Materials

Population growth and rising a##luence are #ueling the #astest and largest moderni&ation binge inhistory.

*he human population is set to grow to !. billion people by 020L #rom billion todayLaccording to 3nited ,ations estimates. E)en more impressi)eL the middle class may nearly tripleto .! billion consumers in 00. *he 3, estimates the total number o# humans may pea$ at 10 billion by the end o# this century.

*he global business dilemma o# our time is how companies can satis#y these new mar$etswithout #alling prey to scarcity o# strategic resourcesL as well as social or ecological strain.Sustainability strategies are #ast emerging as eecuti)esM road map to this Fuic$ly changingworld.

Peak #una -- $ushi En%angers &tlantic 'lue"in $!ecies

Sushi eaters ha)e o)erJindulged in one o# the worldMs most delicious resources. *he numbers o#


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tlantic blue#in tunaL DapanMs most pri&ed catchL ha)e passed their pea$L decimated by a globalcra&e o)er the delicate slices o# crimson #lesh. Some en)ironmentalists want it designated asendangered.

AnceJthri)ing populations ha)e been o)erJ#ished to less than 10 percent o# their #ormer

populations in some regions. *he plight o# the species has done little to curb demandN a Dapanesesushi chain spent a record O0L000 #or a single #ish this year.

Cnternational Fuotas are ignored each year. *he tuna trade has declined since its 00 pea$L butnot #ast enoughL according to the Pew En)ironment roup. Cn 010L blue#in sales were more thandouble the set limit.

lso see: *op 4ounter#eit oodsQ

Peak Water -- Era o" Clean an% Chea! Comes to an En%

6ater is plenti#ul on EarthN humans use less than 1/100 o# one percent. *his global abundanceobscures local challenges. Cn many placesL the tap is running dry. *hatMs because thereMs adi##erence between usable water JJ the $ind thatMs clean and saltJ#ree and located nearbyL andunusable water JJ e)erything else.

Iany o# the reser)oirs o# water humans draw on #or #armingL manu#acturing and drin$ing aregroundJwater aFui#ers that too$ millennia to #ill. *hese irreplaceable storage tan$s are beingdepleted o)er -ust a #ew decades.

*he era o# cheap water has passed its pea$L according to Peter leic$L a 4ali#ornia scientist whohelped de#ine the term "pea$ water" in 010. *he good news is thereMs plenty o# water out there i# the humans -ust learn to better manage it.

Peak (ron -- Emerging Markets )ee!s Prices *igh

*hereMs good and bad news about pea$ iron. *he good news is that demand has le)eled o## in the3.S. and much o# the de)eloped world. CtMs easier to recycle iron products than to mine newsupplies.

*he bad news: Emerging mar$ets are -ust getting started on a highJiron diet. Steel s$yscrapers#rom (angalore to (ei-ing are piling up in record numbersL and more people than e)er aredri)ing cars to get to them. Price )olatility -umped in recent years as miners #ailed to meet4hineseJled demand.

4onsumption outpaced seaborne supply e)ery year since at least 00 and will continue to do sountil 01L Iorgan Stanley estimates. *he price o# ustralian lump ore was O1.0! a metric tonlast yearL compared with O!.0 in 00.

Peak Co""ee -- Climate Change May $tress the 'eans

http://yhoo.it/Arthlghttp://yhoo.it/Arthlg


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Prices #or rabica co##ee beans -umped more than #our#old since Starbuc$s 4orp.L the worldMslargest co##ee shop ownerL had its initial public o##ering in Dune 1!!. (y 010L -a)a gu&&lersconsumed an estimated 12 million bagsL the most since at least 000L according to theCnternational 4o##ee Argani&ation.

Starbuc$s plans to open its #irst store in Cndia by ugustL becoming one o# the #irst companies tota$e ad)antage o# new rules opening the doors to #oreign chains. *he downside to adding a billion new potential customers: increasing strain on an already stressed bean.

5ising temperatures and unusual rain#alls in 4entral and South merica ha)e curtailed crops inrecent yearsL a trend thatMs #orecast to worsen as global warming ta$es a toll on co##eeJgrowingregions.

Peak Coal--(n%ustrial &ge (con *as Clean Com!etition

4oalL the #ire stoneL #iller o# 4hristmas stoc$ingsL enabler o# industriali&ationL may be reaching

its pea$. "*he pea$ o# global coal production... is imminentL" wrote two engineering pro#essorsLin the -ournal Energy in 010.

Hi$e other pea$ assessmentsL coal pro-ections )ary with researchersM assumptions and estimates.*he Energy 6atch roupL based in ermanyL has suggested that 3.S. coal production pea$ed in00 and that world reser)es could climb until 02. *he 3.S. Energy Cn#ormation gency seesglobal coal output rising at 1.1 percent a year at least until 02.

4oal has always been dirty. irborne soot con)inced Hondoners in the 100s to start using allJ blac$ umbrellas to hide the grimeL a tradition thatMs carried on e)en a#ter the air has clearedsigni#icantly. *odayL the grime #rom coal is molecularL as power plants release carbon dioideemissions that contribute to global warming.

Peak oo% -- #he Earth Can Manage (t+ Can We,

*he price o# wheatL the mostJconsumed #ood grainL has almost Fuadrupled in #our decades asglobal demand surged #or e)erything #rom bread and ca$es to coo$ies and pasta.

6ith brie# eceptionsL wheat a)eraged about O a bushel #rom 1!80 until 00. *hat yearLweather damage and plunging in)entories Fuadrupled prices. t the same timeL the price o# ricecontributed to more than 80 #oodJrelated riots worldwide.

#ter the recessionL wheat still trades at about O8.20 a bushelL encouraging #armers to grow the biggest crop e)er. 5ice trades at almost double its preJ00 price. C# managed rightL grain production may ha)e no pea$L though )olatility and higher prices are becoming the norm.4argillL the #arm commodities traderL has said the era o# #alling #ood prices has probably come toan end.

lso see: 5ichest cities where no one wants to mo)eQ

http://yhoo.it/wvgGXwhttp://yhoo.it/wvgGXw


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Peak Phos!horus -- Running Lo E.ce!t as Pollution

*he Earth recycles its phosphorus. Hi$e li#eMs other chemical elementsL phosphorus tra)els #romsoilL sea or roc$L through the #ood chainL and bac$ to earth again.

Cndustrial agricultureL which relies on phosphorus #or #ertili&erL is disrupting the cycle by addingecessi)e amounts o# mined minerals. *his creates two problems. BirstL the world might ha)eonly 0 years o# mineable phosphorus le#t be#ore a)ailability pea$sL according to the lobalPhosphorus 5esearch Cnitiati)e.

SecondL phosphorus and nitrogen #ertili&ers wash #rom #arms into ri)ersL to the seaL where they#orm massi)e "dead &ones" o# oygenJstar)ed water. solution to both issues is as di##icult toaccomplish as it is unappealing to consider: 5ecycle our own waste streams when the Earth runslow.

Peak $!ectrum -- Will Devices Overloa% the &iraves,

Spectrum is the highway system o# the mobile CnternetL and dataJintensi)e de)ices are ta$ing upmore road. Awners o# ppleMs iPhone S ta$e up almost twice as much data as users o# the pre)ious )ersion. *hey belong to the top one percent o# mobile de)ice usersL who today consumehal# the worldMs data )olumes. s the other !! percent catches upL there may be tra##ic -ams andmore epensi)e tolls.

*o cope with tra##icL users are increasingly o##loading data onto more e##icientL shorterJrange 6iJBi networ$s. Ser)ice pro)iders are also in)esting in more towers to address congestion.

s demand increases #or limited spectrumL ser)ice pro)iders may raise prices. Iany are alreadyeliminating unlimitedJuse plans or capping speeds #or hea)y users. s with another naturalresource JJ oil in the early 1!0s JJ suppliers and consumers are only beginning to ta$e basicsteps to minimi&e consumption.

Peak Rare Earths -- Metals that Play *ar% to /et

Ane resource has scarcity in its name: rare earth metals. Early researchers called them "rare" because o# their scattered distribution and the di##icult tas$ o# mining them. CronicallyL they are#airly common in the EarthMs crust.

Economic and political #actors constrain supplyL which puts rare earths high atop the list o#strategic concerns. 4hina produces almost all the worldMs rare earths. *he 3.S. might need up to12 years to begin mining its own depositsL according to a 010 eneral ccountability A##icestudy.

5are earths ha)e magnetic and other properties that ma$e them critical to mobile phonesLcomputers and ad)anced weaponry. HowJcarbon energy technologies depend on themL too JJnuclearL solarL windL bio#uelsL carbon capture and storageL and electricity transmission. Potentialshortages are a ris$ to clean energy de)elopment.


6/9

Peak racking -- Only Natural /as Limit is Regulation

,o Fuestion posed here is less urgent than how long natural gas will last. as is booming.Pennsyl)aniaL home o# mericaMs early oil industryL is seeing a hydrocarbon renaissanceL e)en as

it con#ronts serious Fuestions o# en)ironmental contamination raised in the last se)eral years.

*echnology matured in the last decade that allows drillers to bore hori&ontallyL under placesdi##icult to reach by con)entional methodsL such as %allasJBt. 6orth. Engineers also became better at a process called hydraulic #racturingL or #rac$ing.

*he 3.S. has more than a century o# natural gas reser)es at a 010 consumption le)elL accordingto the Energy Cn#ormation gency. (etter technology #lattens the predictionL o##ered by ShellAilMs geologist ?ubbertL o# a 3.S. pea$ between 1!2 and 1!0. ,o pea$ in sight.

More rom

• @ear o# Iis#ortune: *op 1 (illionJ%ollar 3.S. %isasters

• Pea$ E)erything

• Pea$ 6ater: *he 5ise and Ball o# 4heapL 4lean ?A

Why ne cars an% trucks cost more than

they have in a %eca%e

By Justin Hyde

Senior Editor of Motoramic

http://www.bloomberg.com/slideshow/2011-12-16/year-of-misfortune-top-12-billion-dollar-u-s-disasters.html?cmpid=yhoohttp://topics.bloomberg.com/peak-everything/?cmpid=yhoohttp://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-02-06/peak-water-the-rise-and-fall-of-cheap-clean-h2o.html?cmpid=yhoohttp://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/author/justin-hyde/http://www.bloomberg.com/slideshow/2011-12-16/year-of-misfortune-top-12-billion-dollar-u-s-disasters.html?cmpid=yhoohttp://topics.bloomberg.com/peak-everything/?cmpid=yhoohttp://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-02-06/peak-water-the-rise-and-fall-of-cheap-clean-h2o.html?cmpid=yhoohttp://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/author/justin-hyde/


7/9

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By Justin Hyde | Motoramic – ! hours ago

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C# youMre wal$ing into a newJcar showroom on a shopping tripL you should brace yoursel# #or a

little stic$er shoc$. ,ot only ha)e prices reached a new highL theyMre outpacing in#lation JJ andre)ersing the deals mericans grew accustomed to o)er the past decade.

*han$s to a renewed demand #or new wheels and a brace o# new models replacing aging productsL the a)erage price #or a new car or truc$ rose to OL1 in 011L up 119 #rom 00Laccording to data #rom D.%. Power. *hose increases werenMt -ust limited to luury sedans and bigS3>sN as o# todayL there are no new cars #or sale in the 3nited States #or less than O10L000.Iany new models #orgo strippedJdown )ersions #or ones with #ar more epensi)e optionsN the

http://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/author/justin-hyde/http://www.facebook.com/JustinHydeFanPagemailto:[email protected]://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/author/justin-hyde/http://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/motoramic/http://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/motoramic/http://autos.yahoo.com/_xhr/social/share/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fautos.yahoo.com%2Fblogs%2Fmotoramic%2Fwhy-cars-trucks-cost-more-decade-184603377.html&text=Why%20new%20cars%20and%20trucks%20cost%20more%20than%20they%20have%20in%20a%20decade%20%7C%20Motoramic%20-%20Yahoo!%20Autos&action=insharehttp://autos.yahoo.com/_xhr/mtf/panel/http://mit.zenfs.com/852/2012/02/sal.jpghttp://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/author/justin-hyde/http://www.facebook.com/JustinHydeFanPagemailto:[email protected]://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/author/justin-hyde/http://autos.yahoo.com/blogs/motoramic/http://autos.yahoo.com/_xhr/social/share/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fautos.yahoo.com%2Fblogs%2Fmotoramic%2Fwhy-cars-trucks-cost-more-decade-184603377.html&text=Why%20new%20cars%20and%20trucks%20cost%20more%20than%20they%20have%20in%20a%20decade%20%7C%20Motoramic%20-%20Yahoo!%20Autos&action=insharehttp://autos.yahoo.com/_xhr/mtf/panel/


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pre)ious generation Bord Bocus could be had #or O12L000 with generous incenti)esL but thenewer )ersion comes in a "*itanium" edition that can carry a stic$er price o# more than O0L000.

(ut dollar #igures alone donMt tell the whole story. *han$s to in#lationL all dollar amounts riseo)er timeL and only by ad-usting new )ehicle prices #or in#lation can we tell whether cars and

truc$s -ust seem more epensi)e or are truly ta$ing a larger bite #rom our wallets. %oing sore)eals that youMre right in thin$ing these numbers seem high:

*his chart shows in#lationJad-usted new car and truc$ prices dating bac$ to 1!!L with %ecember 1!! set as the baseline. Starting in 1!!!L the real prices o# new )ehicles began to #allL and $ept#alling #or an entire decadeL until the #inancial meltdowns o# 00 and 00!.

*he reason %etroitMs lac$ o# sel#Jcontrol. Bollowing the S3> booms o# the 1!!0sL %etroitautoma$ers built #ar more capacity #or )ehicles than they could sell to retail customers.utoma$ers only ma$e a pro#it when a )ehicle lea)es a #actoryL and a#ter the boom eased around001L $eeping those #actories running became the top concern o# eneral IotorsL Bord and4hrysler. C# that meant dumping cars into rental #leetsL or gi)ing some shoppers no interest loans#or si years or rebates that touched O8L000 per )ehicleL so be it.

(y #ighting on priceL %etroit #orced #oreign automa$ers to #ollow suitL #urther pushing pricesdown. *hat glut o# new )ehicles e)entually became a glut o# used )ehicles R also depressingdemand and prices. Anly when the 3.S. economy #altered and %etroitMs three automa$ers were#orced to close nearly a do&en assembly plants did supply shrin$ enough to match demand.

Hast yearMs disasters in Dapan also cut supplyL -ust as mericans began replacing cars they hadheld onto through the recession. s a resultL in#lationJad-usted prices Fuic$ly soared R clawing

http://autos.yahoo.com/ford/focushttp://mit.zenfs.com/852/2012/02/inflation-chartfinal.jpghttp://autos.yahoo.com/ford/focus


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bac$ the declines o# a decade in less than two years. D.%. PowerMs data shows that while pricesrose o)er the past #our yearsL incenti)es #ell 119 to OL80 in 011.

6hile prices eased a bit at the end o# 011L they traditionally rise at the beginning o# the year.i)en that %etroitL Dapanese and 'orean automa$ers ha)e all )owed to a)oid incenti)e wars and

trim production rather than prices when sales ine)itably dipL itMs li$ely new )ehicles will sooncost more a#ter ad-usting #or in#lation than they ha)e at any point in the past 1 years. Ct may beabout as long be#ore an automa$er decides again it needs to ma$e deals rather than pro#its.

Photo" emilio labrador #ia $lic%r
http://www.flickr.com/photos/3059349393/3408075836/http://www.flickr.com/photos/3059349393/3408075836/

20120213 Precios Altos USA

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