cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Ges cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv welqK cÖwkÿY g¨vbyqvj · cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Ges...

¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi

ÿz`ªvKvi cvwb m¤ú` Dbœqb cÖKí (2q ch©vq)

cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Ges cwi‡ek eë¯’vcbv welqK

cÖwkÿY g¨vbyqvj

Rvbyqvix-2020

mgwš^Z cvwb m¤ú` eë¯’vcbv BDwbU

mn‡hvwMZvq t GmGmWweøDAviwWwc-2 (RvBKv)

GjwRBwW mì `ßi, AviwWBwm feb (†j‡fj-6)

†k‡ievsjv bMi, AvMviMvuI, XvKv-1207|

cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Ges cwi‡ek eë¯’vcbv welqK cÖwkÿY g¨vbyqvj 1 GmGmWweøDAviwWwc-2

m~wPcÎ

cÖ_g Aa¨vq : cwi‡ek, cwi‡e‡ki Dcv`vb I cÖKvi‡f` Ges evsjv‡`‡ki cwi‡ek ................................................ 3

1.1 f‚wgKv .................................................................................................................................. 3

1.2 ev¯‘ms¯’vb .............................................................................................................................. 3

1.3 Lv`¨ Rvj .............................................................................................................................. 4

1.4 evsjv‡`‡ki cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’v .................................................................................................... 4

1.5 f~-cÖK…wZ ............................................................................................................................... 5

wØZxq Aa¨vq : evsjv‡`‡k cÖYxZ cwi‡ek m¤cwK©Z AvBb I bxwZmg~n .............................................................. 7

2.1 cwi‡ek m¤cwK©Z AvBb ............................................................................................................ 7

2.1.1 cwi‡ek msiÿY AvBb 1995 Ges ms‡kvabx ................................................................................. 7

2.1.2 cvwb AvBb 2013 ................................................................................................................... 8

2.2 evsjv‡`‡k cÖYxZ cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ AvBb, wewa I avivmg~n ............................................... 9

Z…Zxq Aa¨vq : cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v/`~lY ...................................................................................................... 12

3.1 evqy `~lY ............................................................................................................................. 12

3.2 cvwb `~lY ............................................................................................................................ 12

3.3 gvwU `~lY ............................................................................................................................. 14

3.4 kã `~lY ............................................................................................................................. 15

3.5 wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ `~lY .......................................................................................................... 15

PZz_© Aa¨vq : cÖvK…wZK `y‡hv©M ................................................................................................................ 16

4.1 fzwgKv ...................................................................................................................................... 16

4.2 A¤øe„wó ................................................................................................................................ 16

4.3 eb¨v ...................................................................................................................................... 16

4.4 N~wY©So I R‡jv”Qvm .............................................................................................................. 18

4.5 Liv .................................................................................................................................... 18

4.6 f‚wgK¤ú.............................................................................................................................. 18

4.7 eRªcvZ ............................................................................................................................... 19

4.8 AwMœ SzuwK............................................................................................................................. 20

cÂg Aa¨vq : cwi‡ek I cvwb m¤c` ....................................................................................................... 21

5.1 f‚wgKv ................................................................................................................................ 21

5.2 cvwbi Pvwn`v evo‡Q ............................................................................................................... 21

5.3 Rwg‡Z cvwb eë¯’vcbv ............................................................................................................ 22

5.3.1 †m‡Pi cvwb mvkÖ‡qi gva¨‡g avb Drcv`b .................................................................................... 22

5.3.2 AWD (Alternative wetting and drying) cvwb mvkÖqx c×wZ cÖ‡qv‡M †ev‡iv avb Pvl ............. 22

5.3.3 AWD ‰Zwi c×wZ .............................................................................................................. 22

5.3.4 Rwg‡Z AWD ¯’vcb c×wZ .................................................................................................... 23

5.3.5 †m‡Pi mgq cvwbi cwigvY wba©viY ............................................................................................. 23

lô Aa¨vq : cÖKí mswkøó cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v/ `~lY I mgvavb/ eë¯’vcbv cwiKíbv .............................................. 24

6.1 GmGmWweøDAviwWwc - 2Õi Aaxb Dc-cÖKí mg~‡ni cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v/ `~lY ...................................... 24

6.2 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK eë¯’vcbv cwiKíbv ................................................................................ 26

6.3 myiÿv miÄvg ....................................................................................................................... 27

6.4 cwi‡ekMZ ch©‡eÿY .............................................................................................................. 29

wbg©vY ch©vq ..................................................................................................................................... 29

Acv‡ikb ch ©vq................................................................................................................................... 33


cÖ_g Aa¨vq :

cwi‡ek, cwi‡e‡ki Dcv`vb I cÖKvi‡f` Ges evsjv‡`‡ki cwi‡ek

1.1 f‚wgKv

cwi‡ek ej‡Z †Kv‡bv eë ’vi Ici evwn¨K cÖfveKmg~‡ni mgwó‡K †evSvq| †hgb t Pvicv‡ki †fŠZ Ae¯’v,

Rjevqy I cÖfve we ÍviKvix Ab¨vb¨ Rxe I ˆRe Dcv`vb BZ¨vwì mvgw÷K iƒcB n‡jv cwi‡ek| cwi‡ek

cÖavbZ wZb cÖKvi t

1| †fŠZ / cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek

2| ˆRweK cwi‡ek

3| mvgvwRK cwi‡ek

cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek Ro c`v_© (†hgb- gvwU, cvwb, evZvm, Av‡jv BZ¨vw`) wb‡q MwVZ| Aci w`‡K wewfbœ

Rxe RMr (†hgb- gvbyl, cïcvLx, MvQcvjv BZ¨vw`) wb‡q MwVZ n‡q‡Q ˆRweK cwi‡ek| ZvQvov cÖvK…wZK

cwi‡ek I ˆRweK cwi‡e‡ki cvi¯úwiK wbf©ikxjZvq m„wó nq mvgvwRK cwi‡ek| cwi‡e‡ki cÖavb wZbwU

Dcv`vb n‡”Q evqy, gvwU I cvwb| Avgv‡ì GB cwi‡e‡ki cÖ‡Z¨KwU Dcv`vb ci¯úi wbf©ikxj Ges G‡K

Ac‡ii m¤ú~iK iƒ‡c KvR K‡i Avm‡Q|

1.2 ev¯‘ms¯’vb

GKwU wbw`ó ¯’v‡b emevmKvix Rxem¤cÖ`vq Ges Ro Dcv`vb¸‡jvi cvi¯cwiK AvšÍ:wµqvi d‡j IB ¯’v‡b

†h AbyK‚j emevmixwZ M‡o I‡V Zv‡K ev¯‘ms¯’vb e‡j|

wPÎ 1t Rjvk‡qi ev¯‘ms¯’vb


1.3 Lv`¨ Rvj

GKwU ev¯‘ms¯’v‡b A‡bK¸‡jv Lv`¨ k„•Lj _v‡K| ev ‘ms¯’v‡bi mKj Dw™¢` I cÖvYx †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv Lv`¨

k„•L†ji AšÍf©z³| †hgb t CMj-mvc, e¨vO I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvYx †L‡q _v‡K| Avevi mvc- Li‡Mvk, Bu yi, e¨vO

I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvYx Lvq| GKvwaK Lv`¨ k„•Lj GKwÎZ n‡q Lv`¨ Rvj ˆZwi K‡i|

wPÎ 2 t Lv`¨ Rvj

1.4 evsjv‡`‡ki cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’v

e¨wZµg ag©x †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’v‡bi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k we‡k¦i gvbwP‡Î GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †`k| cÖvq 15 jÿ eM©

wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKvi cvwb †b‡g Av‡m cÙv, eªþcyÎ I †gNbv b`x w`‡q| GB cvwbi gvÎ kZKiv 8 fvM

wb®‹vkb GjvKv evsjv‡`‡ki AšÍM©Z| AwaKvsk wb®‹vkb AeevwnKv cÖwZ‡ekx †`kmg~‡n Aew ’Z| wekvj

cÖevnmn b`-b`x mg~‡ni MwZ evsjv‡`k e-Øx‡c n«vm cvIqvi d‡j jÿ jÿ eQi a‡i GKwU AZ¨šÍ cyiæ

cvjwjK Íi MVb K‡i evsjv‡`k M‡o D‡V| wb‡gœv³ welq¸wj cwi‡ekMZ w`K †_‡K evsjv‡`k‡K iæZ¡c~Y©

K‡i‡Q t

K. AmsL¨ b`x, Zv‡ì kvLv-cÖkvLv Øviv Rv‡ji b¨vq we¯Í…Z evsjv‡`k c„w_exi e„nËg e-Øxçwji GKwU

L. AZ¨šÍ cyiæ cwj Íi (we‡k¦ me‡P‡q cyiæ) Øviv MwVZ †`kwUi mvaviY f~-c„ô AZ¨šÍ wbgœ-D”PZv wewkó

M. evsjv‡`‡k i‡q‡Q we‡k¦i e„nËg g¨vb‡MÖvf eb I `xN©Zg evjygq ‰mKZ

N. we‡k¦i me©vwaK NbemwZ I cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡ì Dci AZ¨waK Pvc

O. Av`©ª I ï®‹ †gŠmy‡g (eb¨v I Liv) f~-c„ô¯’ cvwbi cÖvc¨Zvi cwigv‡Yi g‡a¨ e¨vcK ZviZg¨ Ges

P. evsjv‡`‡ki ga¨ w`‡q cvwbi cÖev‡ni e¨vcKZv|


wZbwU wekvj b`x cÙv, eªþcyÎ I †gNbv fyUvb, †bcvj, fviZ, evsjv‡`k I Px‡bi (wZeeZ) DRvb †_‡K

cvwb e‡q wb‡q Av‡m| cÙv-eªþcyÎ-†gNbvi wb®‹vkb AeevwnKvi †gvU AvqZb cÖvq 15 jÿ eM© wK.wg.| hvi

AvbygvwbK 62% fvi‡Z, 18% Px‡b, 8% †bcv‡j, 8% evsjv‡`‡k I 4% fyUv‡b Aew ’Z| evsjv‡`‡ki

ga¨ w`‡q wecyj cwigvY cvwb cÖevwnZ nq| G cÖevn †Kej `wÿY Av‡gwiKvi AvgvRvb b`x eë ’vi ci

wØZxq| cÖk¯Í I evwl©K cÖev‡ni †gvU cwigvY Dfq w`K †_‡K cÙv-wbgœ †gNbv b`x we‡k¦ Z…Zxq e„nËg|

1.5 f~-cÖK…wZ

AvaywbK …wó‡KvY †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki f~-cÖK…wZ‡K my¯úó wZbwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v- (K) cøveb

mgf~wg, (L) †mvcvb AÂj Ges (M) cve©Z¨ AÂj| G‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡K wbR¯ ‰ewkó¨ Øviv êwkó¨gwÛZ|

wPÎ 3t evsjv‡`‡ki f ~-cÖK…wZ|


cvnvomg~n iv½vgvwU, ev›`ievb, LvMovQwo, K·evRvi, PÆMÖvg, wm‡jU, †gŠjfxevRvi I nweMÄ

†Rjvq Aew ’Z| Gme cvnv‡oi Mo D”PZv 450 wgUvi|

†mvcvb cÖavbZ gaycyi I e‡i›`ª AÂj, fvIqv‡ji Mo I jvjgvB-Gi cvnvwo GjvKv wb‡q MwVZ|

e‡i›`ª AÂ‡ji AvbygvwbK AvqZb 9,320 eM© wK.wg.| cvk¦©eZ©x cøvebf~wg †_‡K G AÂ‡ji Mo

D”PZv 6 †_‡K 12 wgUvi| gaycyi I fvIqvj 4,103 eM© wK.wg. Gi AwaK GjvKv wb‡q we Í…Z|

cvk¦©eZ©x cøvebf~wg †_‡K hvi Mo D”PZv 30 wgUvi| Kywgjøv †Rjvi jvjgvB cvnvwo GjvKv 34 eM©

wK.wg. wb‡q MwVZ Ges cvk¦©eZ©x cøvebf~wg †_‡K M‡o 15 wgUvi DuPy‡Z Aew ’Z|

beMwVZ mgf~wg †`‡ki 1,24,266 eM© wKwg (86%) Ry‡o we¯Í…Z|


wØZxq Aa¨vq :

evsjv‡`‡k cÖYxZ cwi‡ek m¤cwK©Z AvBb I bxwZmg~n

2.1 cwi‡ek m¤cwK©Z AvBb

2.1.1 cwi‡ek msiÿY AvBb 1995 Ges ms‡kvabx

evsjv‡`‡k cwi‡ek msiÿ‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖavb AvBwb wjj n‡”Q cwi‡ek msiÿY AvBb 1995 (BwmG Õ95)|

mvgwMÖK GB AvB‡b cwi‡e‡ki msiÿY, cwi‡ek welqK gvbgvÎvi Dbœqb, cwi‡ek `~lY wbqš¿Y I n«vm Kiv

wel‡q AvBbmg~n Aš Íf©z³ n‡q‡Q| GB AvBb e‡jB cwi‡ek Awa`ßi ¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q Ges Awa`ß‡ii

gnvcwiPvjK‡K cÖ‡qvRbvbyhvqx c`‡ÿc MÖn‡Yi ÿgZv †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| hvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Z`šÍ cwiPvjbv,

m¤¢ve¨ yN©Ubv †iva, miKvi‡K civgk© cÖ`vb, Ab¨vb¨ KZ…©cÿ ev ms ’vi m‡½ mgšq mvab I cwi‡ek ~lY

welqK Z_¨ msMÖn I cÖKvk Kiv| GB AvBb Abyhvqx (†mKkb 12) wba©vwiZ wewa †gvZv‡eK cwi‡ek

Awa`ß‡ii gnvcwiPvj‡Ki †`qv cwi‡ekMZ QvocÎ (Bwmwm) Qvov †Kv‡bv cÖKí ¯’vcb Kiv hv‡e bv|

GQvov cwi‡ekMZ `~lY I ¯^v¯’¨ SzuwK cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ wec¾bK e‡R©ï Dchy³ eë ’vcbv wbwðZ Ki‡Z

n‡e, cybtwPwýZ †Kv‡bv Rjvkq fivU ev Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b Kiv hv‡e bv| RvZxq ¯^v‡_©i †ÿ‡Î mswkøó

KZ…©c‡ÿi Aby‡gv`b mv‡c‡ÿ Zv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges cwi‡ek `~lYKvix †Kv‡bv e ‘i wbM©gb hw` wba©vwiZ

wbM©gb gvÎvi †P‡q †ewk nq, Z‡e wbM©g‡bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡kxj‡K Zv Aek¨B wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z n‡e|

cwi‡ek msiÿY AvBb (†mKkb 20), 1995 Øviv cÖ`Ë ÿgZve‡j evsjv‡`k miKvi cwi‡ek msiÿY

wewagvjv, 1997 Rvwi K‡i| Ab¨vb¨ wel‡qi g‡a¨ wb‡¤œv³ welqvewj G wewagvjvi AvIZvfz³ t

cwi‡ekMZfv‡e msKUvcbœ GjvKv †NvlYv

wewa bs 3-G BwmG Õ95-Gi †mKkb 5 Abyhvqx Ôcwi‡ekMZfv‡e msKUvcbœ GjvKv (BwmG) wba©vi‡Yi

Dcv`vbmg~n ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| cwi‡ek wech©‡qi Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv GjvKv msKUvcbœ n‡q‡Q ev msKUvcbœ nIqvi

SuywK‡Z i‡q‡Q e‡j cÖZxqgvb n‡j, miKvi‡K D³ GjvKv‡K ÔBwmGÕ †NvlYv Kivi ÿgZv †`qv n‡q‡Q GB

wewa‡Z| cwi‡ekMZfv‡e msKUvcbœ GjvKvq †Kvb ai‡bi Kvh©µg ev cÖwµqv cwiPvjbv Kiv hv‡e A_ev

ïiæ Kiv hv‡e bv, ZvI mywbw ©ófv‡e wPwýZ Kivi ÿgZv miKvi‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q GB wewa‡Z| GB ÿgZve‡j

cwi‡ek I eb gš¿Yvjq my›ìeb, K·evRvi-†UKbvd mgy ª ˆmKZ, †m›U gvwU©b Øxc, †mvbvw`qv Øxc,

nvKvjywK nvIo, Uv½uyqvi nvIo, gviRvZ evIo, ¸jkvb-evwiavivi Rjvkq, XvKv kn‡ii Pvwiw`‡K 04 wU

b`x‡K (eywoM½v b`x, kxZjÿ¨v b`x, ZzivM b`x Ges evjy b`x), Rvdjs-WvDwK b`x cwi‡ekMZfv‡e

msKUvcbœ GjvKv †NvlYv Ges Gme GjvKvq wbw`©ó wKQy Kvh©µg wbwl× Kiv n‡q‡Q|

PviwU fv‡M wkí I cÖK‡íi †kªYxKiY

cwi‡e‡ki Dci cÖfve Ges ¯’v‡bi wfwË‡Z cwi‡ek QvocÎ (Bwmwm) cÖ`vb Kivi cÖ‡qvR‡b BwmAviÕ97

(wewa bs 7)- G cÖKímg~n‡K 04 (Pvi) †kªwY‡Z wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q t

K) meyR

L) Kgjv-K

M) Kgjv-L Ges

N) jvj|


Pjgvb Ges cÖ¯ÍvweZ †hme cÖKí ¯^ígvÎvi `~lYKvix wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ, †m¸‡jv‡K ÒmeyRÓ †kªwY‡Z AšÍf©z³

Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges †m¸‡jv‡K cwi‡ek QvocÎ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| Kgjv-K, Kgjv-L I jvj †kªwYfy³

cÖKímg~n‡K cÖ_‡g GKwU ¯’vb welqK QvocÎ I c‡i cwi‡ek QvocÎ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| BwmAvi Õ97 Gi

Zdwkj 1-G Dc‡iv³ 04 (Pvi) †kªwYi wk‡íi we ÍvwiZ weeiY mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q|

2.1.2 cvwb AvBb 2013

cvwb m¤c‡ì mgwš^Z Dbœqb, eë ’vcbv, AvniY, weZiY, eënvi, myi¶v I msi¶‡Yi j‡¶¨ weavb

cÖYq‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cvwb AvBb 2013 cÖYxZ nq|

GB AvB‡bi ¶gZve‡j,

miKvi, RvZxq cvwb m¤c` cwil` MVb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

miKvi, mgq, miKvix †M‡RU cÖÁvcb Øviv cvwb m¤c` msµvšÍ RvZxq cvwb bxwZ cÖYqb Ki‡Z

cvi‡eb|

GB AvB‡bi Avaxb RvZxq cvwb m¤c` cwiKíbv P‚ovšÍ nevi ci cvwb m¤c` Dbœqb cÖKí MÖnYKvix

ev cÖYqbKvix ev ev ÍevqbKvix cÖ‡Z¨K ms ’v ev Dchy³ KZ…c¶ ev ’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb RvZxq

cvwb m¤c` cwiKíbvi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L D³ cÖKí MÖnY ev cÖYqb ev ev Íevqb Ki‡Z eva¨

_vK‡e|

cvwb m¤c` Dbœqb cÖKí RvZxq cvwb m¤c` cwiKíbvi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kivi

Rb¨ cvwb m¤c` Dbœqb cÖKí MÖnYKvix ev cÖYqbKvix ev ev ÍevqbKvix cÖ‡Z¨K ms¯’v ev Dchy³

KZ…c¶ ev ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb cÖK‡íi Kvh©µg ïiæ Kivi c~‡e©B wewa Øviv wba©vwiZ c×wZ I

k‡Z© cÖK‡íi AbyK~‡j QvocÎ MÖnY Ki‡e|

cvwb eënvi wbqš¿Y Ges cvwb m¤c‡ì myi¶v I msi¶‡Y wb‡¤œv³ eë¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

o cvwb msKUvcbœ GjvKv †NvlYv I Zvi eë ’vcbv|

o cvwb msKUvcbœ GjvKvq cvwb m¤c‡ì AMÖvwaKvi eënvi I Ae¨vnwZ|

o f~Mf©¯’ cvwbaviK Í‡ii me©wb¤œ mxgv wba©viY I f~Mf©¯’ cvwb Avni‡Yi wewa wb‡la|

o Rj‡mªv‡Zi ¯vfvweK cÖevn wbwðZKiY|

o eb¨v wbqš¿Y evu‡ai myi¶v|

o Rjvavi msi¶Y I eë ’vcbv|

o cvwb AÂ‡j wefw³KiY I Zvi eë¯’vcbv|

o cvwb gRy`Ki‡b wewa wb‡la|

o eb¨v wbqš¿Y AÂj †NvlYv I Zvi eë ’vcbv|

o Rjvav‡ii mgMÖ cvwb Avni‡b wewa wb‡la Ges cvwb ~lY wbqš¿Y|


2.2 evsjv‡`‡k cÖYxZ cÖ ÍvweZ cÖKí mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ AvBb, wewa I avivmg~n

1. RvZxq b`x i¶v Kwgkb AvBb, 2013

b`xi A‰ea `Lj, cvwb I cwi‡ek `~lY, wkí KviLvbv KZ©…K m„ó b`x ~lY, A‰ea KvVv‡gv wbg©vY I

bvbvwea Awbqg †ivaK‡í Ges b`xi ¯^vfvweK cÖevn cybiæ×vi, b`xi h_vh_ i¶Yv‡e¶Y Ges †bŠ-cwienb

†hvM¨ wnmv‡e M‡o †Zvjv mn Av_©mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b b`xi eûgvwÎK eënvi wbwðZ Kivi c Ö‡qvR‡b GKwU

Kwgkb MV‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ RvZxq b`x i¶v Kwgkb AvBb, 2013 cÖYqb Kiv nq|


RvZxq b`x i¶v Kwgkb MwVZ nq|

Kwgk‡bi Kvh©vejx wba©vwiZ nq Ges

Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix wb‡qvM Kiv nq|

2. evsjv‡`k eb¨cÖvbx AvBb (cÖwZiÿv I myiÿv) 2012 Gi gva¨‡g A‰eafv‡e eb¨ cÖvYx niY, wkKvi,

duv`cvZv ev evwYR¨ Kivi Rb¨ Kviv`Û I Rwigvbvi ÿgZv cÖ`vb K‡i | d‡j 1,307 cÖRvwZi

Dw™¢` I cÖvYx A‰ea Kvh©µg †_‡K iÿv cvq|

3. cvwb wewagvjv 2018

cvwb AvBb 2013 ¶gZve‡j cvwb wewagvjv 2018 cÖYqb Kiv nq| cvwb wewagvjv 2018 Av‡jv‡K

my‡cq cvwb Ges cwi”QbœZv I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ eënvh© cvwbi AwaKvi cÖvc¨Zv wbwðZ Kiv nq|

GQvov AvšÍR©vwZK I AvÂwjK mn†hvMxZvi Rb¨ RvZxq cvwb m¤c` Z_¨-DcvË fvÛvi ˆZix Kiv

I RvZxq cvwb bxwZ cÖYqb I nvjbvMv` Ki‡Y Kvh©µg MÖnY Kiv nq D³ wewagvjvq|

cvwb wewagvjvq 2018 G †ek wKQz c×wZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq t

wewagvjv cÖwZcvjb I A‰ea ¯’vcbv AcmviY Av‡`k Rvwii c×wZ

cwi`k©b, cwiex¶Y I †eAvBwb Kv‡R eëüZ gvjvgvj, miÄvg ev Lbb hš¿cvwZ AvUK c×wZ

†Rjv, Dc‡Rjv I BDwbqb mgwšZ cvwb m¤c` eë ’vcbv KwgwU MVb c×wZ I cvwb m¤c`

eë ’vcbv MvBWjvBb cÖYqb

QvocÎ MÖnY c×wZ (†Kv‡bv e¨w³, ms¯’v, Dchy³ KZ…c¶ ev ’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb †mP, eb¨v

wbqš¿Y ev cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ wbwg©Z †h †Kv‡bv ai‡Yi nvBWªwjK AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vY, b`xi Zxi

msi¶Y, †WªwRs ev Abyiƒc Kvh©µg, Kg©m~wP ev D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i cvwb m¤c` Dbœqb mswkøó cÖKí

MÖnY, cÖYqb ev ev Íevqb Ki‡Z AvMÖnx n‡j D³ e¨w³, ms¯’v, Dchy³ KZ…c¶ ev ¯’vbxq miKvi

cÖwZôvb‡K cÖKí QvocÎ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e)

cvwb msKUvcbœ GjvKv †NvlYv Ges Zvi eë ’vcbv c×wZ

f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi myi¶v, msi¶Y I eë ’vcbv c×wZ

Rj‡mªv‡Zi ¯^vfvweK cÖevn eë¯’vcbv c×wZ

eb¨v wbqš¿Y AÂj †NvlYv c×wZ


4. grm¨ m¤ú` iÿv I msiÿY AvBb, 1950 (ms‡kvabx 1995) Gi gva¨‡g miKvi ÿgZv cvq

grm¨ m¤ú` iÿvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq bxwZgvjv cÖ¯‘Z I Gi cÖ‡qvM Kiv ; wbw`©ó BwÄb ˆZix I Gi

eënvi wbqš¿Y Kiv ; A ’vqx I ¯’vqx wewfbœ cÖKvi euva (weirs, dams, bunds,

embankmends) wbg©vY| GB AvBb Aev‡a grm¨ wkKv‡i euvav †Ìqvi ÿgZv cvq| G Qvov

wel cÖ‡qvM, `~lY ev eR©¨ cÖ‡qv‡MI wb‡lavÁv i‡q‡Q| GB AvB‡b wba©vwiZ Av‡Q †Kvb mg‡q gvQ

aiv hv‡e, wWg Qvovi mgq gvQ aiv hv‡e bv Ges AvBb fsMKvix‡ì mbv³ Kivi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó

Kg©KZ©v wba©vwiZ i‡q‡Q|

5. RvZxq grm¨Pvl wewa, 1998 RvZxq grm¨Pvl wewai D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q cwi‡ekMZ fvimvg¨ I

Rxe‰ewPÎ¨ msiÿY eë ’vcbvi cvkvcvwk Af¨š ÍixY mvgyw`ªK Drm n‡Z gv‡Qi Drcv`b Ges

ê‡`wkK gy`ªv DcvR©b e„w× Kiv (2016 mv‡j evsjv‡`k me‡P‡q †ekx grm¨ Drcv`bKvix 6 wU

†`‡ki g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg)| GB wewa grm¨Pv‡li †ÿ‡Î KwZcq SuywK wPwýZ K‡i‡Q| †hgb: (1)

RbmsL¨v Pvc, (2) cøvebf‚wg‡Z cwiKvVv‡gv wbg©vY, (3) ivmvqwbK mvi I KxUbvkK Ilya

eënv‡ii d‡j `~lY| b`x †_‡K wPswoi †cvbv msMÖ‡ni d‡j G RvZxq cÖRvwZ wejyß n‡Z cv‡i

Ges Rxe‰ewPÎ¨ I grm¨Pvl RxweKvq‡bi Dci cÖfve c‡o| GB wewa G ai‡bi A‰ea Kv‡R evav

w`‡Z †Póv K‡i| GwU c‡ivÿfv‡e D‡`¨v³v‡ì Rb¨ wbw`©ó †cvbv Drcv`‡b mg_©b K‡i|

6. euva wbg©vY I wb¯‹vk‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ bxwZgvjv‡K AviI gReyZ K‡i wbg©vY, iÿYv‡eÿY, eë ’vcbv

I cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi c_ myMZ Kiv Ges †mB mv‡_ eb¨v, fv½b I cvwbi Øviv Ab¨vb¨ ÿwZi nvZ

†_‡K euva iÿv Kivi Rb¨ euva wbg©vY I wb®‹vkb AvBb, 1952 i‡q‡Q|

7. Kv‡R Kg©iZ Ae¯’vq `yNU©bvi wkKvi n‡j Zvi ÿwZc~iY cvIqvi wel‡q mswkøó RvZxq bxwZ I

cwiKíbv evsjv‡`k kÖg AvBb, 2006 (ms‡kvabx 2018) G i‡q‡Q | GB AvBb KviLvbv

kÖwgK‡ì †ckvMZ AwaKvi I wbivcËv Ges ¯^v”Q›`¨gq Kg©cwi‡ek I KvR Kivi †hŠw³K cwi‡ek

m¤úwK©Z|

8. cwi‡ek Av`vjZ AvBb, 2000

GB AvB‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q wePvwiK Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g cwi‡ek msi¶Y AvBb, 1995 ev Íevqb

Kiv|


cwi‡ek Av`vjZ (cÖwZwU wefv‡M GK ev GKvwaK) cÖwZôv n‡q‡Q

Av`vj‡Zi AvIZv Ges wePvwiK Kvh©µ‡gi I Av`vj‡Zi ¶gZvi iƒc‡iLv, wePvwiK cwi`k©‡bi

cÖ‡ekvwaKvi Ges Avwc‡ji Rb¨ Avwcj Av`vjZ MV‡bi c×wZ wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q|


9. b`x i¶vq nvB‡Kv‡Ui ivq, 2019

3iv †deªæqvix 2019 nvB‡KvU © b`x i¶vq GK HwZnvwmK ivq †NvlYv K‡ib| GB iv‡q †ek wKQz

¸i‚Z¡c~Y© wb‡`©kbv †`Iqv nq t

ZzivM b`x‡K e¨w³ AvBwb mËv ev RxešÍ mËv †NvlYv Kiv

RvZxq b`x i¶v Kwgkb‡K †`‡ki me b`-b`xi AvBwb AwffveK †NvlYv Kiv| b`x, Lvj, wejmn

me Rjvkq i¶vq †h‡Kv‡bv Dbœqb cÖKí MÖn‡Y me ai‡bi ms¯’v‡K b`x i¶v Kwgk‡bi AbvcwË

cÎ wb†Z n‡e|

†`‡ki me b`x, Lvj, wej Rjvk‡qi †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’vb wbY©q I Rxe ˆewP‡Îi Z_¨vw` msMÖn K‡i

BDwbqb, Dc‡Rjv, †Rjv, †cŠimfvi Db¥y³ ¯’v‡b ivL‡Z n‡e|

b`x `LjKvix e¨w³ BDwbqb, Dc‡Rjv, †Rjv, †cŠimfv I RvZxq wbe©vP‡b AskMÖn‡Yi A‡hvM¨

n‡eb|

b`x `LjKvix e¨w³ miKvix ev †emiKvix †Kv‡bv e¨vsK †_‡K FY cvIqvi †¶‡Î A‡hvM¨ n‡eb|


Z…Zxq Aa¨vq :

cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v/`~lY

3.1 evqy `~lY

evqy `~l‡Yi KviY t

• evZv‡m Aw·‡Rb e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ M¨vm I a~wjKYvi cwigvY e…w× †c‡j evqy ~wlZ nq|

• c…w_ex‡Z cÖwZwbqZ RbmsL¨v e…w× I wbwe©Pv‡i meyR e…ÿ wbab Kivi Kvi‡Y e…ÿ n«vm cv‡”Q| ZvB

cwi‡e‡ki meUyKy CO2 e„ÿivwR †kvlY Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| d‡j evZv‡m CO2 Gi gvÎv e„w×

cv‡”Q|

• GQvovI wkí-KviLvbv, BU fvUvi wPgwb Ges †gvUihvb n‡Z wbM©Z- †avuqv, †avuqvkv, eR¨©,

GM‡Rv÷ M¨vm, MÖxb nvDm M¨vm BZ¨vw` Øviv evqy ~wlZ n‡”Q|

¶wZKi cÖfvet

• gvby‡li k¦vm MÖn‡Yi mgq `~wlZ evqy †`‡ni g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek K‡i i‡³i gva¨‡g cÖevwnZ n‡q hK…Z,

AMœvkq I e„‡° µgvš^‡q Rgv nq|

• Gi d‡j ewg, gv_ve¨_v, eyKe¨_v, bvK-gyL R¡vjv, GRgv, GjvwR©, mœvqyweK `ye©jZv, gvbwmK

Aw¯’iZv, K¨vÝvi BZ¨vw` RwUj †iv‡Mi m„wó nq|

mgvavb t

• meyR e„ÿ wbab eÜ Kiv I meyR †eóbx ˆZix Kiv|

• wkí-KviLvbv, BU fvUvi wPgwb Ges †gvUihvb n‡Z wbM©Z- †avuqv, †avuqvkv, eR¨©, GM‡Rv÷ M¨vm,

MÖxb nvDm M¨vm BZ¨vw` wbqš¿Y Kiv|

3.2 cvwb `~lY

cvwb `~l‡Yi KviY t

• cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi †W«b¸‡jv mvaviYZ Rjvk‡qi mv‡_ hy³ _vKvi Kvi‡Y kni, nvU-evRvi, evmvevwoi

gqjv-Ave©Rbv, wewfbœ cÖvYxi gjg~Î, Lvj, wej I b`x‡Z c‡o cvwb ~wlZ n‡”Q|

• RvnvR fvOv wk‡íi eR¨© I Lwb n‡Z wbM©Z ivmvqwbK c`v_© |

• GQvov dm‡ji Rwg‡Z gvÎvwZwi³ evjvBbvkK I AvMvQv bvkK, nvmcvZvj, wK¬wbK Ges

WvqvMbw÷K †m›Uv‡ii eR¨©, nvIi, b`x Ges mvM‡i PjvPjiZ BwÄbPvwjZ †bŠKv, jÂ I w÷gv‡ii

†Zj wbtmiY|


¶wZKi cÖfvet

• ~wlZ cvwb e¨vK‡Uwiqv, ÿy ª Rxe, †Ku‡Pv, mvc, e¨vO, wewfbœ DcKvix cÖvYx, gvQ, RjR Dw™¢`

BZ¨vw`i g„Zz¨ NUvq |

• welv³ ivmvqwbK c`v_© enbKvix dmj Ges gvQ †L‡j eÜ¨vZ¡, Rb¥MZ ÎæwU, mœvqy-‰eKj¨, †K¬vb

†i±vj, wKWwb mgm¨v, cÖ‡óU, hK…r, dymdym, cvK ’jx K¨vÝvi I wjD‡Kvwgqv †ivM nq|

• ~wlZ cvwb mivmwi gvbe †`‡n K‡jiv, UvBd‡qW, wW‡mw›U« I Pg© †ivM Qovq|

• GQvov Av‡m©wbKhy³ cvwb Pvgov, wjfvi I wKWwbi gvivZ¥K ÿwZ K‡i|

mgvavb t

• cÖwZwU wkíKviLvbvi m‡½ †kvabvMvi ev Bd¬y†q›U wU«U‡g›U cøv›U (BwUwc) ’vcb |


3.3 gvwU `~lY

gvwU `~l‡Yi KviY t

• U¨vbvwimn wewfbœ wkí KviLvbvi eR¨©, GwmW, welv³ ivmvqwbK `ªe¨- Lvj, wej I b`xi cvwbi

mv‡_ dmwj Rwg‡Z Qwo‡q c‡o gvwU ~wlZ n‡”Q|

• †`‡ki DcK~jxq AÂ‡j cÖvK…wZK y‡h©vM, †hgb- So, N~wY©So, R‡jv”Q¡vm, eb¨v BZ¨vw`i Kvi‡Y

AeKvVv‡gv¸‡jv aŸsm n‡q K…wl Rwgi jeYv³Zv e„w× †c‡q gvwU ~wlZ n‡”Q|

¶wZKi cÖfve t

• welv³ ivmvqwbK c`v_© enbKvix dmj †L‡j eÜ¨vZ¡, Rb¥MZ ÎæwU, mœvqy-‰eKj¨, †K¬vb †i±vj,

wKWwb mgm¨v, cÖ‡óU, hK…r, dymdym, cvK¯’jx K¨vÝvi I wjD‡Kvwgqv †ivM nq|

mgvavb t

• cÖwZwU wkí KviLvbvi m‡½ †kvabvMvi ev Bd¬y†q›U wU«U‡g›U cøv›U (BwUwc) ’vcb|


3.4 kã `~lY

kã ~l‡Yi KviY t

• evm-U«vK, †ijMvwo, jÂ-w÷gv‡ii nvB‡W«vwjK n‡b©i kã, wegv‡bi weKU kã, wkí KviLvbvi

kã, BU-cv_i fvOvi kã, gvB‡Ki kã, cUKvi kã, nvU evRvi, hvbRU, Rbmfvq gvby‡li

†Kvjvn‡ji kã, XvK-†Xv‡ji kã, kã ~l‡Yi Ab¨Zg KviY|

¶wZKi cÖfve t

• kã ~l‡Yi Kvi‡Y kÖeYkw³ n«vm, gv_ve¨_v, ü`‡ivM, mœvqyweK ‰eKj¨, wkïi gvbwmK wech©q,

Awb`«v, weiw³fve, g‡bv‡hvM bó BZ¨vw` jÿY †`Lv †`q|

mgvavb t

• hvbevn‡b nvB‡W«vwjK n‡b©i e¨envi wbwl× Kiv|

3.5 wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ `~lY

evqy `~lY t G Kv‡Ri d‡j Drcbœ a~jv km¨ Ges Mevw` cïi Dci cÖfve †dj‡e| wbg©v‡Yi mgq Drcbœ

a~jvi cwigvb hZ ~i m¤¢e wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z n‡e| †hLvb †_‡K gvwU miv‡bv nq Ges Lbb Kiv nq †m ¯’vb

¸‡jv‡Z h_vh_fv‡e cvwb wQwU‡q w`‡Z n‡e|

kã `~lY t hvbevn‡bi PjvPj, Lbb †gwkbvix, concrete †gkv‡bv Ges Ab¨vb¨ wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ kã

Drcbœ nq| wbg©v‡Yi mgq k‡ãi gvÎv ¯^vfvweK gvb`Û AwZµg K‡i| we`¨vjq, agx©q RvqMv Ges RbvKxY©

gv‡K©‡U gvÎvwZwi³ kã ÿwZi KviY n‡Z cv‡i|

cvwb `~lY t wbg©vb ch©v‡q, gvwU D‡Ëvjb ’vbxqfv‡e cvwbi ¯^”QZv ÿwZMÖ Í Ki‡e| mvgwqK Ges ’vbxq

cÖK…wZi Kvi‡Y GB ÿwZ e„w× cvwbi ¸‡bi Dci †Kvb cÖfve †d‡j bv|

gvwU `~lY t wbg©vY GjvKv Ges Gi Av‡kcv‡ki GjvKvi K…wlRwgi gvwU wbg©vY KvR Øviv ~wlZ nevi

cÖeYZv _v‡K|


PZz_© Aa¨vq :

cÖvK…wZK y‡hv©M

4.1 fzwgKv

†fŠMwjK Ae¯’vb, f~ZvwË¡K MVb I RbmsL¨vi Nb‡Z¡i Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k we‡k¦i me‡P‡q `y‡hv©M cÖeY

†`k¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| evsjv‡`‡k mvaviYZ A¤øe„wó, N~wY©So-R‡jv”Qvm, eb¨v, Liv, f‚wgK¤ú cÖf…wZ

cÖvK…wZK y‡hv©M n‡q _v‡K|

4.2 A¤øe„wó

evqygÛ‡j Dcw¯’Z mvjdvi-WvB-A·vBW, bvB‡Uªv‡Rb A·vBW I Kve©b-WvB-A·vBW evqycÖevn Øviv ZvwoZ

n‡q evZv‡mi cvwb ev‡®úi mv‡_ wg‡k mvjwdDwiK GwmW, bvBwUªK GwmW Ges Kve©wbK GwmW iƒ‡c e„wói

cvwbi mv‡_ f‚-c„‡ô cwZZ nq| H cvwbi wcGBP gvb 5.6 Gi Kg n‡jB welqwU‡K A¤øe„wó ev GwmW †iBb

ejv nq| A¤øe„wói d‡j t

b`x, Lvj, wej, cyKzi BZ¨vw` Rjvk‡qi cvwb A¤øag©x n‡q RjR ev¯‘ Í‡ii Dci weiƒc cÖfve

†d‡j|

gvQ, †kIjv RvZxq Dw™¢` Ges cvwb‡Z emevmiZ wewfbœ AbyRxe g‡i hvq|

gv‡Qi ˆ`wnK e„w× e¨vnZ nq Ges cÖRbb ¶gZv n«vm cvq|

A¤øe„wó MvQcvjvi meyR cvZv webó K‡i cÖvK…wZK eb aŸsm K‡i Ges gvwUi mv‡_ wg‡k DcKvix

e¨vK‡Uwiqv I †Ku‡Pv †g‡i †d‡j|

meyR cvZvi cPb wµqv Øviv gvwU‡Z wnDgvm mieivn cÖwµqv evavcÖvß nq|

A¤øe„wói NUbv me©cÖ_g 1800 mv‡j Bsj¨v‡Û n‡qwQj|

4.3 eb¨v

evsjv‡`k b`xgvZ…K †`k| evsjv‡`‡ki g‡a¨ w`‡q †QvU eo cÖvq 230 wU b`x e‡q †M‡Q| g~jZ GRb¨B

Ab¨vb¨ cÖvK…wZK y‡h©v‡Mi Zzjbvq evsjv‡`‡k eb¨vi cÖ‡Kvc †ewk| evsjv‡`‡ki eb¨vi KviY wnmv‡e wb‡¤œi

wZbwU welq we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t

K. cÖavb b`/b`x Ges Dnvi kvLv mg~n cwj gvwU R‡g fivU n‡q hvIqvq cvwb aviY ¶gZv K‡g

hvIqv|

L. cvwb PjvPj c‡_ AcwiKwíZ iv¯Ív-NvU, euva, `vjvb-†KvVv BZ¨vw` wbwg©Z nIqvq cÖwZeÜKZvi

m„wó nIqv|

M. f‚gÛjxq ZvcgvÎv e„w×i Kvi‡Y wngvjq †_‡K AwZwi³ eid M‡j cvwb AvKv‡i bx‡P †b‡g Avmv

Ges e‡½vcmvM‡ii cvwb dz‡j-‡du‡c DPPZv e„w× cvIqvq b`xi cvwb mvM‡i bvg‡Z evavcÖvß nIqv|


wPÎ 4 t eb¨v cÖeY GjvKv|

evsjv‡`‡k 03 (wZb) ai‡bi eb¨v †`Lv hvq t

AvKw¯§K eb¨v n‡q _v‡K DRv‡b, fvwi e„wócvZ †_‡K hv b`x‡K cøvweZ K‡i|

†gŠmywg eb¨v m„wó nq fvwi Aweivg e„wócvZ †_‡K Ave× ev wbgœgv‡bi wb®‹vkbm¤úbœ ¯’v‡b †hLv‡b

cvwb Pyqv‡bv A‡cÿv e…wócv‡Zi cwigvb AwaK| G ai‡bi eb¨v evwl©K Ges cÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv hvi

Dci †`‡ki K…wl Rwgi ÿqc~iY Ges RjR cwi‡e‡ki avb I cvU Pv‡li cÖ‡qvRbxq cvwbi Rb¨

HwZn¨MZfv‡e wbf ©i K‡i|

N~wY©So RwbZ eb¨v wewfbœ ai‡bi eb¨vi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q gvivZ¥K| Gme eb¨v fqven wech©q NUv‡Z

cv‡i Ges cÖavbZ DcK~j AÂ‡j †`Lv hvq|


4.4 N~wY©So I R‡jv”Qvm

eb¨vi b¨vq NwY©SoI evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ GKwU wbqwgZ cÖvK…wZK y‡h©v‡Mi NUbv| DcK‚jxq GjvKvq

N~wY©S†oi mv‡_ R‡jv”QvmI †`Lv †`q| N~wY ©So Ges R‡jv”Qv‡mi mgq mgy ª DcK‚j Ges Av‡kcv‡ki

GjvKvq e„¶ivwR, gvbyl, eb¨cÖvYx Ges Mevw`cïi h‡_ó ¶q¶wZ nq| h_v t

evZv‡mi MwZ‡eM KLbI KLbI N›Uvq 200 wK‡jvwgUv‡ii D‡×© Ges

†Rvqv‡ii cvwbi D”PZv ¯^vfvwe‡Ki PvB‡Z cÖvq 4 wgUvi ch©šÍ †ekx nq|

4.5 Liv

Gme y‡h©v‡Mi evB‡iI evsjv‡`‡k gv‡S g‡a¨ Liv †`Lv †`q| Livi mg‡q-

ï®‹ AvenvIqv weivR K‡i

gvwUi Av`©ªZv _v‡K bv I e„wócvZ nq bv

f‚Mf©¯’ cvwbi ¯Íi bx‡P †b‡g hvq Ges

†mP‡hvM¨ K…wlKvR Ges Drcv`b gvivZ¥K fv‡e e¨vnZ nq|

4.6 f‚wgK¤ú

†ekxi fvM weÁvbxi g‡Z cÖvK…ZMZfv‡e f~ -Af¨šÍi ’ wekvjvK…wZi Pjgvb KwVb wkjv¯Íi (U¨vK‡UvwbK

†cøU) Gi mÂvj‡b cvi¯úwiK av°v †_‡KB f‚wgK†¤úi DrcwË nq| f‚wgK‡¤úi d‡j KLbI KLbI

ce©Zgvjv, DcZ¨Kv, Av‡MœqwMwi BZ¨vw`| Avevi KLbI KLbI n«`, mvMi, gnvmvMi BZ¨vw` m„wó n‡q

_v‡K|

D`vniY¯îƒc, f~ -Af¨šÍi ’ wekvjvK…wZi DËi-c~e© w`‡K Pjgvb BwÛqvb †cøU Ges w ’i BD‡iwkqvb †cø‡Ui

av°vi d‡j wngvjq ce©‡Zi m„wó n‡q‡Q| weÁvbx‡ì wnmve Abyhvqx, BwÛqvb †cøUwU cÖwZ ermi 5

†mw›UwgUvi K‡i DËi-c~e© w`‡K m‡i Avm‡Q| Gfv‡e hLbB BwÛqvb †cøU Ges BD‡iwkqvb †cøU yBwU †Kvb

¯’v‡b wgwjZ n‡”Q ZLbB AÎ GjvKvq f‚K¤úb Abyf‚Z n‡”Q| j¶¨ Kiv †M‡Q †h, GB wµqvi d‡jB

Gfv‡ió ce©Z k„‡½i D”PZv w`b w`b e„w× cv‡”Q|

U¨vK‡UvwbK †cø‡Ui wµqv QvovI f‚Mf© †_‡K AZ¨waK cwigv‡b cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` AvniY A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb

Kvi‡Y f‚-M‡f© m„ó duvKv ¯’vb cZ‡b f‚wgaŸm BZ¨vw` welqvejxI f‚wgK‡¤úi KviY n‡Z cv‡i|

Abygvb Kiv nq †h, 1762 mv‡ji f‚wgK‡¤ú gaycy‡ii Mo I wm‡j‡Ui nvIo GjvKvi m„wó nq| AviI aviYv

Kiv nq †h, 1787 I 1897 mv‡ji f‚wgK‡¤ú h_vµ‡g wZ Ív I eªþcyÎ b`xi MwZc_ cwiewZ©Z nq|

f‚ZvwË¡‡Kiv evsjv‡`‡ki DËi I DËi-c~e©vÂj‡K h_v t iscyi, gqgbwmsn, wm‡jU I cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg †Rjvi

Ask we‡kl‡K f‚K¤ú‡bi w`K †_‡K gvivZ¥K mwµq GjvKv iƒ‡c wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb|

f‚wgK‡¤úi mgq wbivc` _vK‡Z †h me welq gv_vq ivLv ìKvi t

weg wKsev wcjv‡ii wb‡P, gReyZ Avmevec‡Îi cv‡k/wb‡P A_ev †`qv‡ji †Kv‡Y Ae ’vb †bIqv|

f~wgK‡¤úi SuvKzwb bv _vgv ch©šÍ yÕnvZ A_ev evwjk w`‡q gv_v †X‡K ivLv|


Kuv‡Pi Rvbvjv I Awbivc` AvmevecÎ (hv Mv‡qi Dci c‡o AvNvZ jvM‡Z cv‡i) †_‡K `~‡i

_vKv|

wkï, e„× I cÖwZeÜx e¨w³‡ì wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z mnvqZv Kiv|

f‚wgK¤ú n‡”Q †Ui †c‡j ªæZ M¨v‡mi Pzjv/M¨v‡mi jvBb eÜ K‡i †Ìqv - hv‡Z AwMœKv‡Ûi SuywK

bv _v‡K|

AvZw¼Z n‡q Qz‡UvQzwU bv K‡i kvšÍ _vKv|

m¤¢e n‡j `ªæZ evwoi evB‡i wM‡q †Lvjv RvqMvq Ae¯’vb †bIqv|

AwMœKvÛ Gov‡Z evwo †_‡K †ei n‡q hvevi mgq we`y¨‡Zi †gBb myBP `ªæZ eÜ K‡i †Ìqv|

eûZj feb †_‡K †b‡g Avmvi †ÿ‡Î wjd‡Ui cwie‡Z© wmuwo eënvi Kiv|

†ei nevi ci DuPz feb, eo MvQ, wUjv I ê` ywZK Zvi †_‡K `~‡i ªæZ †Lvjv I wbivc` ’v‡b

Ae ’vb †bIqv|

Mvwo Pvjv‡bv Ae ’vq f‚wgK¤ú n‡j Mvwo _vwg‡q †Ìqv ; f‚wgK¤ú bv _vgv ch©šÍ Mvwo †_‡K †ei

bv nIqv|

4.7 eRªcvZ

Rjxq ev®c NbxfzZ n‡q †g‡N cwiYZ nIqvi

mgq G‡Z cÖPzi w ’i e` y¨wZK PvR© Rgv nq| d‡j

evZv‡mi ga¨ w`‡q ¯cvK© AvKv‡i we` y¨r cÖevwnZ

nq| G NUbvB nj eRªcvZ| evsjv‡`‡k gvP©

†_‡K †g Ges A‡±vei †_‡K b‡f¤^‡ii g‡a¨

me‡P‡q †ewk eRªcvZ n‡q _v‡K| evsjv‡`‡k

cÖwZ eQi eRªcv‡Z M‡o yB †_‡K wZbk gvby‡li

cÖvYnvbx N‡U|

eRªcv‡Zi mgq wbivc` _vK‡Z †h me welq gv_vq ivLv ìKvi t

K. Nb Nb eRªcvZ n‡Z _vK‡j †Lvjv ev DuPz RvqMvq bv †_‡K †Kv†bv `vjv‡bi wb‡P Avkªq †bIqv|

L. eRªcvZ n‡j DuPz MvQcvjv ev we` y‡Zi LyuwU‡Z we` yr ¯c‡k©i m¤¢vebv †ewk _v‡K| ZvB eRªcv‡Zi

mgq MvQ ev LyuwUi KvQvKvwQ _vKv wbivc` bq| dvuKv RvqMvq hvÎx QvDwb ev eo Mv‡Q eRªcvZ

nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K AZ¨šÍ †ewk|

M. eRªcv‡Zi mgq evwo‡Z _vK‡j Rvbvjvi cv‡k bv †_‡K Rvbvjv eÜ K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e|

N. eRªcv‡Zi mgq evwoi avZe Kj, wmuwoi †iwjs, cvBc BZ¨vw` GgbwK †dvbI eënvi Kiv hv‡e

bv|

O. eRªcv‡Zi mgq ê` ywZK me ai‡Yi hš¿cvwZ aiv hv‡e bv|

P. eRªcv‡Zi mgq iv¯Zvq Mvwo‡Z _vK‡j hZ ZvovZvwo m¤¢e evwo‡Z †divi †Póv Kiv, m¤¢e bv n‡j

Mvwo †Kv‡bv cvKv QvDwbi wb‡P ivL‡Z n‡e| GB mgq Mvwoi Kv‡P nvZ †ÌqvI wec`RbK|


4.8 AwMœ SzuwK

AwMœ SzuwK cÖwZ‡iv‡a †h me welq gv_vq ivLv ìKvi t

ivbœvi ci Pzjv m¤c~Y©fv‡e wbwf‡q †djv|

†fRv Rvgv Kvco Pzjvi Dci ïKv‡Z bv †Ìqv|

M¨v‡mi Pzjv R¡vjv‡bvi c~‡e© Kgc‡¶ 15 wgwbU c~‡e© ivbœvN‡ii mKj Rvbvjv/ ìRv Ly‡j evZvm

PjvP‡ji eë¯’v Kiv|

evmvevwoi ê`ÿwZK jvBb cÖwZ 06 gvm ci ci wbqwgZ cix¶v Kiv|

mwVK gv‡bi ê`ÿwZK Zvi/miÄvg eënvi Kiv|

AwMœ SzuwK Abymv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K AwMœ-wbe©vcK hš¿ gRy` ivLv|

AwMœ-wbe©vcK h‡š¿i cÖ‡qvM I eënvi wewa m¤c‡K© cÖwk¶Y †bIqv|

AwMœ wbe©vc‡Y KiYxqt

wej¤^ bv K‡i wbKU¯’ dvqvi †÷k‡b msev` †Ìqv, A_ev †K›`ªxq wbqš¿Y K‡¶

(02-9555555/01730336699) AewnZ Kiv|

cÖ_‡gB Av¸b wbfv‡bvi †Póv Kiv|

enb †hvM¨ AwMœ-wbe©vcK hš¿ eënvi Kiv|

Mv‡q ev ci‡bi Kvc‡o Av¸b ai‡j gvwU‡Z MovMwo Kiv|


cÂg Aa¨vq :

cwi‡ek I cvwb m¤c`

5.1 f‚wgKv

c„w_exi yB Z…Zxqvsk cvwbi g‡a¨ eënvi‡hvM¨ cvwb A_©vr cvbxq, K…wlKvR, M„n¯’vwj ev Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri

Rb¨ KZUv cvwb jv‡M I jeYv³ cvwb KZUv Zvi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q weÁvbxiv e‡j‡Qb †h, †gvU cvwbi

kZKiv mv‡o mvZvbeŸB fvM (97.5%) cvwb jebv³ Avi kZKiv AvovB fvM (2.5%) cvwb eënvi

†hvM¨| Zvi g‡a¨ Avevi mv‡o Pyqv‡Ëvi fvM (74.5%) cvwb i‡q‡Q ei‡d XvKv I Zylvi k„‡½ AvU‡K Av‡Q|

Avi gvÎ kZKiv k~b¨ wZb fvM (0.3%) cvwb cvIqv hvq b`x‡Z, Rjvkq, cyKy‡i, evu‡a ev wS‡j Ges

kZKiv gvÎ GK fvM (1%) cvwb gvwUi bx‡P AvU‡K Av‡Q|

mvaviYfv‡e cvwb Avgiv M…n¯’vjx- †hgb cvbxq, ivbœv, mœvb, †kŠP KvR, Rvgv Kvco †avqv, evmbcÎ †avqv,

M„ncvwjZ RxeRš‘ cÖwZcvjb, K…wlKvR I Kj-KviLvbvi Kv‡R eënvi Kwi| †`Lv hv‡”Q K…wlKv‡R,

Lv`¨km¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Kgc‡ÿ kZKiv AvwkfvM (80%) cvwb, Kj-KviLvbv I Zvc we` yZ †K‡› «i

Rb¨ kZKiv `k fvM (10%) cvwb, cvbxq wn‡m‡e kZKiv cvuP fvM (5%) cvwb I evwKUv Ab¨vb¨ wewfbœ

Kv‡R eënvi Kiv nq|

5.2 cvwbi Pvwn`v evo‡Q

cvwb eë ’vcbv hZB AvaywbK I my‡KŠkjx †nvK bv †Kb, cvwbi Pvwn`v †hfv‡e †e‡o P‡j‡Q, Zvi m‡½

cvjøv †Ìqvi ÿgZv †mB eë ’vcbvi †bB| wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ msMV‡bi cwimsL¨vb Abyhvqx ivbœv-evbœv I e¨w³MZ

cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi Rb¨ cÖwZwU gvby‡li w`‡b 20 wjUvi weï× cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb| wk‡ívbœZ †`k¸wj‡Z

cvwbi eënvi Gi PvB‡Z A‡bK †ewk| Rvg©vwb‡Z GKRb bvMwiK w`‡b M‡o 140 wjUvi cvwb LiP K‡i

_v‡Kb, Zvi g‡a¨ 30 wjUvi hvq Uq‡jU d¬vk Ki‡Z|

evsjv‡`‡k †gvU cvwb m¤ú‡ì cwigvY 1,210.6 wewjqb NbwgUvi e‡j Abygvb Kiv n‡q‡Q| hvi 21.1

wewjqb NbwgUvi f‚-Mf©¯’ cvwb Ges 1,189.5 wewjqb NbwgUvi f‚-c„ô¯’ cvwb| †gvU eëüZ cvwbi 90%

B eënvi Kiv nq K…wl Lv‡Z| hvi 80% Av‡m f‚-Mf©¯’ Drm n‡Z Ges †m‡Pi Kv‡R eëüZ cvwbi cÖvq

88% Av‡m f‚-Mf©¯’ Drm n‡Z| el©v †gŠmy‡g f‚-c„ô¯’ cvwb †kvl‡Yi gva¨‡g f‚-Mf©¯’ cvwbi Íi cybtfiY

n‡q hvq|


5.3 Rwg‡Z cvwb eë¯’vcbv

5.3.1 †m‡Pi cvwb mvkÖ‡qi gva¨‡g avb Drcv`b

avb Pv‡l me©`v ` uvov‡bv cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| avb †ÿ‡Z GKevi 5 †_‡K 7 †mt wgt †mP †`qvi ci Rwg‡Z

`vuov‡bv cvwb †kl nevi 3 w`b ci cybivq †mP w`‡j 25% cvwbi AcPq †iva Kiv hvq|

5.3.2 AWD (Alternative wetting and drying) cvwb mvkÖqx c×wZ cÖ‡qv‡M †ev‡iv avb Pvl

AWD c×wZi g~j welq n‡jv avb Pv‡li †ÿ‡Î Rwg‡Z mve©ÿwbKfv‡e cvwb bv †i‡L ch©vqµ‡g Rwg

†fRv I ï®‹ c×wZ AbymiY Kiv| Rwgi ch©vqµ‡g †fRv I ï®‹ Ae¯’v wbqš¿Y Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl †KŠkj

Aej¤^b Ki‡Z nq| avb Pv‡l GKevi †mP w`‡q cieZ©x †m‡Pi mwVK mgq wba©vi‡bi Rb¨ Rwg‡Z wQ ªhy³

wcwfwm cvBc (ch©‡eÿY bj) emv‡Z nq| G cvB‡c cieZ©x wbw ©ó †j‡f‡j cvwb †b‡g †M‡j †mP w`‡Z

nq| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g Rwg‡Z †mP cÖ vb Ki‡Z nq|

GB c×wZ‡Z K…l‡Ki cÖPwjZ †mP c×wZi †P‡q 37 kZvsk Kg †m‡Pi cvwb eëüZ n‡q‡Q Ges 12%

†ekx djb cvIqv †M‡Q| GKBfv‡e weª Gi djvd‡j †`Lv †M‡Q G c×wZ‡Z 30% Kg †m‡Pi cvwb cÖ‡qvM

n‡q‡Q Ges 29% Kg wW‡Rj eëüZ n‡q‡Q|

5.3.3 AWD ‰Zwi c×wZ

GwU Avgiv wb‡R wb‡RB ‰Zwi Ki‡Z cvwi| cøvwó‡Ki wcwfwm cvBc ev evu‡ki †Pv½v I cøvwó‡Ki †evZj

w`‡q GwU ‰Zwi Kiv hvq| GwU ‰Zwi Ki‡Z n‡j cvBc ev †evZj ev evu‡ki e¨vm 7-10 †m:wg: Ges 30

†m:wg: j¤^v n‡Z n‡e| cvBc ev †evZj ev evu‡ki wb‡Pi w`‡Ki 20 †m:wg: wQ ªhy³ Ges Dc‡ii w`‡K 10

†m:wg: wQ ªwenxb ivL‡Z n‡e| †h w`‡K wQ ª _vK‡e †m w`‡K cvBc ev evu‡ki Mv‡q 5 †m:wg: ci ci 3 m~wZ

e¨v‡mi wW«j weU w`‡q wQ ª Ki‡Z n‡e| G wQ ª wW«j †gwkb ev wQ ª Kivi gZ †h †Kvb hš¿ w`‡q Kiv †h‡Z

cv‡i| Z‡e †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z cvBc ev evu‡k †Kvb dvuUj bv nq| GK mvwi †_‡K Ab¨ mvwii wQ‡`ªi

~iZ¡ n‡e 5 †m:wg:|


5.3.4 Rwg‡Z AWD ¯’vcb c×wZ

ˆZwi Kiv cvBc Ggb myweavRbK ’v‡b ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb ’vbwU mg¯Í cø‡Ui cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Z cv‡i

Ges mn‡R Gi wfZ‡ii cvwbi gvÎv gvcv hvq| Rwg‡Z cvBcwUi wQ`ªhy³ Ask gvwUi bx‡P Ges wQ`ªwenxb

Ask gvwUi Dc‡i _vK‡Z n‡e| cvBcwU Lvovfv‡e ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Gi wfZ‡ii gvwU PvgP w`‡q †ei

K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z gvwUi wfZ‡ii cvwb wQ ª w`‡q mn‡R cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e

hv‡Z cvwbi fvmgvb LoLyUv wfZ‡i XyK‡Z bv cv‡i| GK GKi avb †ÿ‡Z 2/3 RvqMvq ¯’vcb Kiv †h‡Z

cv‡i|

5.3.5 †m‡Pi mgq cvwbi cwigvY wba©viY

K. av‡bi Pviv †ivc‡Yi 10-15 w`b ch©šÍ Rwg‡Z 2-4 †m:wg: cvwb ivL‡Z nq| Gi ci †_‡K

AWD c×wZwU eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|

L. Rwg‡Z †mP Avi¤¢ Kivi ci cÖwZevi Ggb cvwb w`‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Rwgi 5 †m:wg: MfxiZvq cvwb

_v‡K| Rwgi cvwb ïKv‡bvi ci cvB‡ci wfZi cvwbi gvÎv gvc‡Z n‡e| cvB‡ci wfZ‡i cvwbi

¯Íi hw` Rwgi †j‡fj †_‡K 15 †m:wg: wb‡P †b‡g hvq (A_©vr cvB‡ci Zjvi gvwU †`Lv hv‡e)

ZLb †mP w`‡Z n‡e| G Ae¯’vq Avm‡Z cÖvq 5-8 w`b mgq jv‡M| GBiKgfv‡e dyj bv Avmv

ch©šÍ †mP w`‡Z n‡e|

M. dyj Avmvi ci †_‡K ya Ae ’v ch©šÍ 2 mßvn Rwg‡Z Aek¨B 2-4 †m:wg: uvov‡bv cvwb ivL‡Z n‡e|

av‡bi Rwg‡Z †Kvb fv‡eB AvMvQv Rb¥v‡Z †Ìqv hv‡e bv| AWD eënv‡ii d‡j hw` AvMvQvi

Dc ªe †`Lv †`q Zvn‡j AvMvQv `g‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq eë ’v wb‡Z n‡e|


lô Aa¨vq :

cÖKí mswkøó cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v/ `~lY I mgvavb/ e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv

6.1 GmGmWweøDAviwWwc - 2Õi Aaxb Dc-cÖKí mg~‡ni cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v/ `~lY

XvKv, gqgbwmsn, wm‡jU Ges iscyi wefv‡Mi 29wU †Rjvq K…wl Drcv`b e„w×i j‡ÿ¨ DcKvi †fvMx‡`i

AskMÖnY, cÖvwZôvwbK Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g 290wU eb¨v wbqš¿b, cvwb wb®‹vkb, cvwb msiÿY I AvIZvaxb

GjvKv Dbœqb msµvš Í Dc-cÖK‡íi cyb©evmb Ges Dbœqb Kiv|

Kvh©µg m¤¢ve¨ DcKvi m¤¢ve¨ ÿwZ

eÕuva wbg©vY

eb¨vi cwigvY n«vm cÖvK…wZK grm¨ n«vm

euva cybtwbg©vY I ms¯‹iY eb¨vi ¯’vqxZ¡ Kgv‡bv Rjvf‚wgi AvqZb

I RjR emwZ

n«vm; †bŠc_ I

Pvjbvq e¨vNvZ m„wó

Lvj Lbb

eb¨vi ÿqÿwZ

n‡Z iÿv

Rwgi †jvKmvb

Lvj cybtLbb AvMvg wb®‹vkb I

Rjve×Zv ~ixKiY

Rwgi †jvKmvb


Kvh©µg m¤¢ve¨ DcKvi m¤¢ve¨ ÿwZ

¯øyBm †MU wbg©vY

f‚cwiw¯’Z cvwbi

cÖvc¨Zv

Rwgi De©iZv n«vm

cvwb aviYÿg KvVv‡gv wbg©vY

Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM ¯’jR I eb¨ cÖvYx

n«vm

Ab¨vb¨ Kvh©vejx †hgb-cv¤ú ¯’vcb,

cvKv †Wªb wbg©vY, KvjfvU© emv‡bv,

e„ÿ †ivcY BZ¨vw`

K…wl Drcv`b e„w× I

eûgyLxKiY

†mP e¨e¯’vi Dbœqb

cZ½ evwnZ †iv‡Mi

cÖ‡Kvc

AvKw¯§K wec` I

SuzwK


6.2 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK eë¯’vcbv cwiKíbv

(cwi‡e‡ki) Dcv`vb m¤¢ve¨ cÖfvemg~n cÖ¯ÍvweZ eë ’vcbv cwiKíbv/

cÖkgb c`‡ÿcmg~n

`vwqZ¡

f‚wg I g„wËKvMZ

cwi‡ek

ÿwZKviK ªe¨ I

ivmvqwb‡Ki (`ªe¨) ÎæwUc~Y©

eënv‡ii d‡j g„wËKv ~lY|

ˆRweK, cøvw÷KRvZ, KuvP I

Ab¨vb¨ eR©¨ c„_Kfv‡e msMÖn

Kivi R‡b¨ wewfbœ ¯’v‡b DbœZ I

†UKmB Wv÷web ¯’vcb Kiv

DwPZ|

c„_KxKiY wewagvjv Abyhvqx

eR©¨ wbw ©ó ¯’v‡b †dj‡Z mKj

Kg©x‡ì wb‡ ©kbv cÖ`vb Kiv|

wVKv`vi

cvwbm¤ú` I Gi

¸bv¸Y

K¨v‡¤úi M„n¯’vjx, eR © b`x‡Z

†djv|

wba©vwiZ ¯’v‡b eR¨© †dj‡Z

n‡e|

wVKv`vi

evqy wbg©vY ¯’vb n‡Z a~wj

Dr†ÿcY|

cvwb wQUv‡bv| wVKv`vi

cvwicvwk¦©K k‡ãi

gvb (kã

~lY)

hš¿cvwZ (†gwkb) n‡Z m„ó

kã ~lY |

†ckvMZ SuywKi cÖ‡Kvc n«v‡m

D”Pkã m¤wjZ ’v‡b Kg©iZ

mKj e¨w³‡K Bqvi cøvM /

Bqvi gvd&m cÖ`vb Kiv|

wVKv`vi

ev¯‘ms¯’vb (RxeK‚‡ji) Avev‡m

cwieZ©b|

Dw™¢`K‚‡ji nªv‡mi ÿwZc~i‡Y

Ges cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡ki DbœwZ

mva‡b cÖK‡íi mxgvbv eivei

meyR †eóbx ’vcb Kiv|

gvwUi ÿq †iv‡a, †h mKj

†Lvjv ¯’v‡b e„ÿ †ivcY Kiv m¤¢e

n‡e bv, †m mKj ¯’v‡b ¸j¥ I

Nvm RvZxq Dw™¢` Øviv Ave„Z

Kivi cÖ‡Póv Kiv|

wVKv`vi

†ckvMZ ¯^v¯’¨ I

myiÿv

yN©Ubv SzuwKi Kvi‡b Kg©x‡ì

y‡f©vM|

wcwcB mieivn Kiv Ges

eënvi Ki‡Z wbwðZ Kiv|

wVKv`vi


6.3 myiÿv miÄvg

myiÿv RyZv

myiÿv †gvRv

myiÿv gy‡Lvk

†nj‡gU

Gqvi

wi‡d¬w±s

Pkgv


Gqvi Gqvi gvd&m

myiÿv RyZv

myiÿv †gvRv myiÿv gy‡Lvk

wi‡d¬w±s R¨v‡KU †nj‡gU


6.4 cwi‡ekMZ ch©‡eÿY

wbg©vY ch©vq

1. cwi‡ek `~lY-evqy, cvwb, kã Ges gvwU (hLb AvBBB / BAvBG ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwi‡ek ~lY mbv³

K‡i, cixÿv †Kej cÖvmw½K AvB‡U‡gi Rb¨ Kiv DwPZ)|

K) evqy gv‡bi cixÿv

cixÿvi ZvwiL:

mvBU / Ae¯’v‡bi bvg:

cixÿvi djvdj:

c¨vivwgUvi GKK me©vwaK NbZ¡ evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq

evqy gvbgvÎv

Mo

mgq ¯’vb 1 ¯’vb 2 ¯’vb 3 ¯’vb 4

Kve©b g‡bv·vBW

(CO)

wcwcGg 35 wcwcGg 1 N›Uv

mvjdvi - WvB -

A·vBW (SO2)

wgwjMÖvg/

NbwgUvi

365 gvB‡µvMÖvg/

NbwgUvi

24

N›Uv

bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi A·vBW

mg~n (NOX)

wgwjMÖvg/

NbwgUvi

100gvB‡µvMÖvg/

NbwgUvi

evwl©K

wc.Gg10 wgwjMÖvg/

NbwgUvi

150 gvB‡µvMÖvg/

NbwgUvi

24

N›Uv

L) kã Íi ch©‡eÿY

cixÿvi ZvwiL:


cixÿvi djvdj:

dBa GK‡K avh©K…Z mxgv evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq k‡ãi gvbgvÎv (wgkª GjvKv)

w`b ivZ w`b ivZ

60 50


M) f‚-c„ô cvwbi gvbgvÎv

cixÿvi ZvwiL:

mvBU / Ae ’v‡bi bvg:

cixÿvi djvdj:


f‚-c„ô¯’ cvwbi

gvbgvÎv

¯’vb 1 ¯’vb 2 ¯’vb 3 ¯’vb 4

pH 6.5-8.5

wWI ( ªexf…Z Aw·‡Rb) wgtMÖvt/wjt ≥ 5

weIwW (ev‡qv †KwgK¨vj

Aw·‡Rb wWgvÛ)

wgtMÖvt/ wj t ≤ 10

cÖjw¤^Z KwVb e ‘KYv wgtMÖvt/ wj t 10

N) f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi gvbgvÎv

cixÿvi ZvwiL:


cixÿvi djvdj:



gvbgvÎv

¯’vb 1 ¯’vb 2 ¯’vb 3 ¯’vb 4

pH 6.5-8.5

UviwewWwU †RwUBD 10

LiZv wgtMÖvt/ wj t 200-500

†jŠn wgtMÖvt/ wj t 0.3-1.0

bvB‡UªU wgtMÖvt/ wj t 10

Av‡m©wbK wgtMÖvt/ wj t 0.05

Kwjdg© (mvwe©K) msL¨v/ 100 wgwj. 0


O) gvwUi gvbgvÎv

cixÿvi ZvwiL:


cixÿvi djvdj:

c¨vivwgUvi GKK me©vwaK

¯’vb 1 ¯’vb 2 ¯’vb 3 ¯’vb 4

pH

Av`©ªZv %

Avqib †KwR/ †n±i

†mvwWqvg †KwR/ †n±i

cUvwkqvg †KwR/ †n±i

†UvUvj bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †KwR/ †n±i

2. kÖg I Kg©¯’‡ji Ae¯’v

K) kÖwg‡Ki wbivcËv Ges Kv‡Ri cwi‡ek

mvBU cwi`k©b ZvwiL:

mgm¨v Ges cÖkgb eë¯’v:

welq ch©‡eÿY cÖ Ívebv

myiÿv miÄvg

K¨v¤ú / wekÖv‡gi myweav

cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv

gwnjv kÖwgK‡ì Rb¨ myweav

eR © eë¯’vcbv

cvwb mieivn

Uq‡jU myweav

L) wi‡cvwU©s mgqKv‡j †h †Kvb yN©Ubvi weeiY Ges M„nxZ eë¯’v

ZvwiL yN©Ubvi weeiY M„nxZ eë ’v


3. ev¯Íyms¯’vb Ges Rxe‰ewPÎ


mvB‡Ui weeiY:


welq mgm¨v cÖkgb e¨e¯’v

eb Ges cÖvK…wZK Dw™¢‡`i Dci cÖfve

eb¨ Rxe‡bi Dci cÖfve

RjR cÖvYxi Dci cÖfve

M„ncvwjZ cïi Dci cÖfve

MvQ KvUv / MvQ jvMv‡bv:

Ae¯’vb MvQ KvUvi msL¨v †ivcY Kiv Pviv msL¨v


Acv‡ikb ch©vq

1. AvÂwjK nvB‡W«vjwR (mvBU cwi`k©‡bi gva¨‡g ‰ÎgvwmK ch©‡eÿY Kiv n‡e| wm‡cR, Rjve×Zv, †MU

Acv‡ikb, †MU iÿYv‡eÿY, Lv‡ji iÿYv‡eÿY BZ¨vw`)

mvBU cwi`k©b ZvwiL mvBU / Ae¯’v‡bi bvg welq mgm¨v cÖkgb eë¯’v

2. cvwbi eënvi Ges ¸Ygvb eë¯’vcbv (mvBU cwi`k©‡bi gva¨‡g ‰ÎgvwmK ch©‡eÿY Kiv)

K) f‚-c„ô ’ cvwbi gvbgvÎv

cixÿvi ZvwiL:


cixÿvi djvdj:



gvbgvÎv

¯’vb 1 ¯’vb 2 ¯’vb 3 ¯’vb 4

pH 6.5-8.5

wWI ( ªexf…Z Aw·‡Rb) wgtMÖvt/wjt ≥ 5

weIwW (ev‡qv †KwgK¨vj

Aw·‡Rb wWgvÛ)

wgtMÖvt/ wj t ≤ 10

cÖjw¤^Z KwVb e ‘KYv wgtMÖvt/ wj t 10

L) cvwbi Zj ch©‡eÿY

mvBU / Ae¯’v‡bi bvg cvwbi cÖvc¨Zv (wgUvi)


M) f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi gvbgvÎv

cixÿvi ZvwiL:


cixÿvi djvdj:


f‚-c„ô¯’ cvwbi gvbgvÎv ¯’vb 1 ¯’vb 2 ¯’vb 3 ¯’vb 4

pH 6.5-8.5

UviwewWwU †RwUBD 10

LiZv wgtMÖvt/ wj t 200-500

†jŠn wgtMÖvt/ wj t 0.3-1.0

bvB‡UªU wgtMÖvt/ wj t 10

Av‡m©wbK wgtMÖvt/ wj t 0.05

Kwjdg© (mvwe©K) msL¨v/ 100 wgwj. 0

N) cvwb eënv‡ii `ÿZv


mvB‡Ui weeiY:


welq mgm¨v cÖkgb eë¯’v

cvwbi eënv‡i Ø›Ø

dmj Drcv`†b `ÿ cvwb eë ’vcbv

Lvgvi hš¿cvwZ eënvi


3. mvi I KxUbvkK cÖ‡qvM Ges AvBwcGg / AvBwmGg MÖnY

cÖwZ‡e`‡bi mgqKvj:

Dc cÖK‡íi bvg:

MÖvg / Ae¯’vb:

K) mvi eënvi

dmj Rwgi cwigvb (†n±i) mvi eënvi KxUbvkK eënvi

L) AvBwcGg/AvBwmGg MÖnY

MÖvg /

Ae¯’vb

†gvU cvwb

eënviKvix

MÖnYKvix

AvBwmGg

MÖnYKvix

AvBwcGg

MÖnYKvix

†h dm‡ji Rb¨

AvBwmGg M„nxZ

n‡q‡Q

†h dm‡ji Rb¨

AvBwcGg M„nxZ n‡q‡Q

cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Ges cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv welqK cÖwkÿY g¨vbyqvj · cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Ges...

Documents

Transcript of cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Ges cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv welqK cÖwkÿY g¨vbyqvj · cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Ges...