DERECHOS HUMANOS EN PARAGUAY - 2014 - CODEHUPY - PORTALGUARANI

7/21/2019 DERECHOS HUMANOS EN PARAGUAY - 2014 - CODEHUPY - PORTALGUARANI

1/696

`iriamgs mulbdgspbrbhuby ?>20


2/696

`iriamgs mulbdgspbrbhuby ?>20


3/696


4/696

Grhbdczbacgdis pbrtcacpbdtis

- Baacd pgr fgs @iriamgs ì fbs îrsgdbs Bùftbs Lbygris (B@BL) - Bcribdb, Hrupg pgr fgs iriamgs i fbs fisocbdbs

- Bfcbdzb Dbacgdbf i fb Ablpbb pgr udb Agdvidacd Cdtirblircabdbì fgs @iriamgs Qixubfis y fgs @iriamgs _iprgùatcvgs - Bftir Uc`b - Bsgacbacd Fbtcdgblircabdb i Li`cacdb Qgacbf y Qbfu` Agfiatcvb

Abptufg brbhuby (Bfblis)- Bsgacbacd Pbtbrid`y - Bsgacbacd Ydc`bs id fb Ispirbdzb (YDIQ) - Obsi Cdvistchbacgdis Qgacbfis (Obsi CQ) - Aidtrg i @gaulidtbacd y Istu`cgs (A@I)

- Aidtrg ì Cdvistchbacgdis Luftc`csacpfcdbrcb pbrb if @isbrrgffg (Acl i) - Aidtrg Cdtir`csacpfcdbrcg i @isbrrgffg Iagdlcag y Qgacbf (Acìs) - Aidtrg brbhubyg i Pibtrg (Aipbti) - Aglct ì Blrcab Fbtcdb y if Abrcoi pbrb fb @ieidsb i fgs @iriamgs

ì fb Lukir Afbìl ^brbhuby - Aggr cdbacd i Lukiris ìf brbhuby (AL^) - Aggr`cdb`grb i @iriamgs Mulbdgs ìf ^brbhuby (Agìmupy) - Aggr`cdb`grb Dbacgdbf i Grhbdczbacgdis i Lukiris Prbobkb`grbs

_urbfis, Ablpiscdbs i Cd`hidbs (Agdblurc)

- Aggr`cdb`grb pgr fgs @iriamgs ì fb Cdebdacb y fb B`gfisaidacb (A@CB) - Aggr`cdb`grb Dbacgdbf i bstgrbfis Cd`hidbs (Agdbpc-AI^)- @iac`blgs. Ablpbb pgr fb ixpriscd acu`b`bdb- Idegqui Pirrctgrcbf - Eridti Istu`cbdtcf pgr fb I uabacd (EII) - Egrg pgr if @iriamg b fb Iùabacd - Eud`bacd Uidair - Hrupg i trbobkg sgori lchrbacgdis i fb C@M@@

- Hrupg Fudb Duivb - Cdstctutg i Istu`cgs Aglpbrb`gs id Acidacbs îdbfis y Qgacbfis

^brbhuby (Cdiacp ^y) - Fbs _blgdbs - Lisb Lilgrcb Mcstrcab - ^brchubf - ^bdbloc, Bsgacbacd i Prbvistcs, Prbdsixubfis y Prbdshdirgs if brbhuby - ^rg Agludc`b is Cd`hidbs (ÂC) - ^scagrhb - _i Agdtrb Pg`b Egrlb i @csarclcdbacd

- Qirvcacg ^bz y Kustcacb - ^brbhuby (Qirpbk ^y) - Qcd`cabtg ì îrcg`cstbs if ^brbhuby (Q^^) - Pbpib - Pcirrbvcvb b fgs puiofgs cd hidbs if Ambag


5/696

d`cai

^risidtbacd 3

Cd Lilgrcbl 29BDFCQCQ @I AGSYDPY_B

Abrtis; ìf ìsagdacirtg bf istbdablcidtgAgyudturb ^gftcab ?8

Bferi`g Ogaacb ^bz

Mbacb ud ìsbrrgffg mulbdg y sgstidcofi7Agyudturb Iagdlcab 13

Fcfb Lgfcdcir (Pbpib)

AB^CPYFG C; @I_IAMG B FB CHYBF@B@ S DG @CQA_CLCDBACD

Fgs ìriamgs ì fgs puiofgs cd`hidbs id tcilpgsì udb clprgdtb ilprisbrcbf pbrb if Istb`g@iriamgs ì fgs puiofgs cd`hidbs 59

Gsabr Bybfb Blbrcffb (Pcirrbvcvb)

If absg Sbpg@iriamgs ì fgs puiofgs cd`hidbs 83

Ebocd Rucgdiz _iabfì (Agdbpc-AI^)

Qir cd`hidb dg is scddclg ì cdeircgrc`b`; fb mcstrcab`csarclcdbacd qui si baidtb agd fgs puiofgs grchcdbrcgs@csarclcdbacd cd`hidb 32

I``ci _blriz Gsgrcg. îrfb Bfvbriz Ortiz (Agdblurc)

Qi bramcv if prgyiatg ì fiy, pirg if ìobti dgIstb`g Fbcag 33

Lcrtb Lgrbhbs Lirifis (_i` Agdtrb Pg`b Egrlb ì @csarclcdbacd)

If vir`bìrg aglprglcsg ìf ^brbhuby bdti if UCM@iriamgs ì fb pirsgdbs vcvcid`g agd UCM y Qc`b 222

Ebocgfb Cvbszuj (Eud`bacd Uidair)

Obrrcid`g agd fb `csarclcdbacd y fb ìschubf`b`@iriamgs ì fbs pirsgdbs lchrbdtis 2?2

^btrcacg @gori (A@I Hrupg ì trbobkg sgori lchrbacgdis ì fb ^C@M@@)

Ba dg mby mglgegocb; if bg ì fb dihbacd@iriamgs ì fbs pirsgdbs FHPOC 212

_gsb ^gsb Hucdib, Abrgfcdb _gofi`g @ism,Ku`ctm Hriddg (Bcribdb ^bdblo)


6/696

Id bfirtb, pgr fb chubf`b` y fb dg `csarclcdbacd ì tg`bsfbs lukiris id ^brbhuby@iriamgs ì fbs lukiris 203

Aglct ì Blrcab Fbtcdb y if Abrcoi pbrb fb @ieidsb ì fgs @iriamgs

ì fbs Lukiris (Afbìl ^y), Aggr`cdbacd ì Lukiris ìf ^brbhuby (AL^)Fbs silcisafbvbs ìf ìriamg lgìrdg@iriamgs ì fbs trbobkb`grbs `glstcabs 252

Lbraiffb [uo Aidtidg, Ldcab Aairis Fb Qirdb

Id duistrg auirpg y trbobkg; butgdglb y fcoirtb`@iriamgs ì fbs lukiris trbobkb`grbs sixubfis 289

Bsgacbacd Ydc`bs id fb Ispirbdzb (YDIQ)

^brbhuby, bdti if ìsbeg ì cdafucr@iriamgs ì fbs pirsgdbs agd `csabpbac`b` 2=1

Pifg Yrocitb, Bd`rib Lbrb Ximrfi (^brchubf)

AB^CPYFG CC; @I_IAMGQ IAGDLCAGQ, QGACBFIQ S AYFPY_BFIQ

Qbtcsebaacd ìf ìriamg b fb sbfu` y abfc`b` ì vc`b@iriamg b fb sbfu` ?>2

Bsgacbacd Fbtcdgblircabdb ì Li`cacdb Qgacbf y QbfuÀgfiatcvb (Bfblis), Abptufg ^brbhuby

Fb sbfu` lidtbf id if ^brbhuby lbdtcidi ud sishg afbscstb@iriamg b fb sbfu` lidtbf ?23_g`rchg _gkbs Ablirgdc, Eiìrcag Hgdzfiz Lbrtcdiz (^scagrhb)

@i fb `cslcduacd ì fb pgorizb b fb pr`c`b ariacidtiì fb sgoirbdb bfclidtbrcb@iriamg b fb bfclidtbacd ??3

Uatgr K. Clbs _. (Acìs)

G vbrib agludc`b-mri; If ìriamg mulbdg b fb bfclidtbacd

bìaub`b dihb`g b fgs puiofgs cd`hidbs ìf Ambag@iriamg b fb bfclidtbacd ì fgs puiofgs cd`hidbs ìf Ambag ?01I``ci _blriz Gsgrcg (ÂC)

@iriamg bf bprid`czbki; pirscsti fb pgstirhbacd@iriamg b fb iùabacd ?91

_bld Agrvbfd (Qirpbk ^y)

Fb arcscs ì fb iùabacd supircgr id ^brbhuby@iriamg b fb iùabacd supircgr ?51

Eirdbd`g Jruh (Egrg pgr if @iriamg b fb Iùabacd - EII)

@iriamgs aufturbfis id ^brbhuby Ydb utgpb@iriamgs aufturbfis ?81

Abrlid Orcbdg (Aipbti)


7/696

^gr udb pgftcab ì sbfbrcg ldclg fihbf ì prgtiaacd@iriamg bf trbobkg ?=1

Fcfb Lgfcdcir (Pbpib)

If ìriamg b fb vcvcid`b id ^brbhuby; If absg ì fgs

obb`gs ì Bsudacd@iriamg b fb vcvcid`b ?33

Idegqui Pirrctgrcbf

Bprgpcbacd y sbquig ìf bhub; fb aglpfcac`b` ìf Istb`g@iriamg bf bhub 121

Hucffirlg Grtihb, Bdb ^grtcffg (Obsi CQ)

If clpbatg sgacgblocidtbf ìf lgìfg ì prgùaacd@iriamg b ud blocidti sbdg y sbfu`bofi 1?9

Uatgr Oidtiz (Bftir Uc`b)Fb agdtrbrriegrlb bhrbrcb schui bvbdzbd`g_iegrlb bhrbrcb 113

Cdis Erbdaisamiffc (Obsi CQ)

AB^CPYFG CCC; @I_IAMG B FB FCOI_PB@

Fiyis scd pgftcabs, pgftcabs scd prisupuistg, sgd fitrb luirtb^rgmcocacd ì fb isafbvctu` y fb trbtb 199

_ihcdb Obamirg, Agrcdb Fihuczbld, _bquif Eirddìz (Hrupg Fudb Duivb)

Prbtb dg is fg lcslg qui trbobkg sixubf^rgmcocacd ì fb isafbvctu` y fb trbtb 182

Lcrtmb Fizabdg Ispdgfb, _gsb Bf`bdb ^grtcffg (Bsgacbacd Pbtbrid`y)

Qi mb riaruìac`g fb agdtrbrriegrlb pidbf y si vcsfulorbdlirlbs ì hbrbdtbs@iriamg b fbs hbrbdtbs ku`cacbfis y bf ìoc`g prgaisg 188

Kubd Lbrtids (Cdiacp ^y)

If bulidtg ì fb pgofbacd pidbf ri ikb if idùriaclcidtgì fb pgftcab arclcdbf@iriamg bf trbtg mulbdg b fbs pirsgdbs prcvb`bs ì fcoirtb` y ìtidacgdis cfihbfis y broctrbrcbs 1=3


If I^^ is diaisbrcg y eudacgdbf pbrb vbrcgs hrupgs ì pgìrQihurc`b` acu`b`bdb 133


Hrbvis rcishgs id if lbrag ì fb dbragpgftcab. Luirtisy blidbzbs b fb vc`b y fb fcoirtb` ì ixpriscd@iriamg b fb fcoirtb` ì ixpriscd i cdegrlbacd 0>3

Ucaidti îz (Q^^)


8/696

îrscsti ìsc`cb istbtbf agd if ìriamg b fb gokiacdì agdacidacb bf sirvcacg lcfctbr@iriamg b fb gokiacd ì agdacidacb 0?2

Uc`bf Baivi`g (Qirpbk ^y)

Qchdgs ì ud pbsb`g butgrctbrcg qui pirlbdiaid@iriamg b fb riudcd, lbdceistbacd y bsgacbacd 011

Bìfbc`b Arcstcdb Hbfibdg (@iac`blgs)

5> bgs ìspus@iriamg b fb vir`b`, lilgrcb, kustcacb y ripbrbacd 092

Bdtgdcg U. îaac (Lisb Lilgrcb Mcstrcab)

Dcbs, dcgs y b`gfisaidtis agdtcdbd pbhbd`g

if agstg ì fb cdbaacd@iriamgs sixubfis 051Lcrtb Lgrbhbs Lirifis (Bfcbdzb Dbacgdbf ì fb Ablpbb pgr udb AgdvidacdCdtirblircabdb ì fgs @iriamgs Qixubfis y fgs @iriamgs _iprgùatcvgs)

#AirgAglprglcsgIeiatcvg@iriamgs riprgùatcvgs 081

Lcrtb Lgrbhbs Lirifis (Bfcbdzb Dbacgdbf ì fb Ablpbb pgr udb AgdvidacdCdtirblircabdb ì fgs @iriamgs Qixubfis y fgs @iriamgs _iprgùatcvgs)

^gftcabs pofcabs, baaisg b fb kustcacb y aulpfclcidtg ì fbs fiyis; fbdiaisbrcb aglocdbacd pbrb ideridtbr fb vcgfidacb mbacb fbs lukiris@iriamg b udb vc`b fcori ì vcgfidacb 0=9

Lyrcbd Hgdzfiz Uirb (A@I)

AB^CPYFG CU; @I_IAMGQ ^GFPCAGQ

Lg`cabacgdis ifiatgrbfis agd fb lcrb`b puistb id fbs ifiaacgdisludcacpbfis ìf ?>29^brtcacpbacd pgftcab 9>2

Bìfbc`b Arcstcdb Hbfibdg, Dcf`b @ubrti Gablpgs (@iac`blgs)

AB^CPYFG U; @I_IAMG B FB UC@B I CDPIH_C@B@ Î_QGDBF

Clpudc`b` sifiatcvb id fbs ikiauacgdis broctrbrcbs ìablpiscdgs y ablpiscdbsIkiauacgdis broctrbrcbs y ìsbpbrcacgdis egrzb`bs 928

Erbdacsag Oidtiz Bbzag, @bdti Fihuczbld (Agìmupy)

Bulidtg ì fb lcfctbrczbacd, ìf hbstg lcfctbr y vufdirbacd

ì fgs ìriamgs mulbdgs@iriamg b fb pbz y bf ìsbrli 919Boif Crbfb, Uc`bf Baivi`g (Qirpbk ^y)


9/696

Cdvistchbacgdis cdiabais bsihurbd fb clpudc`b` id fgsabsgs ì tgrturbs^rgmcocacd ì fb tgrturb y gtrgs trbtgs aruifis,cdmulbdgs y ìhrb`bdtis 991

Afbu`cb Auidab Erbdag, ]clidb Fpiz, @bdti Fihuczbld (Agìmupy)

AB^CPYFG UC; @I_IAMGQ HIDI_BACGDBFIQ

B ?9 bgs ì fb Agdvidacd, fbs pgftcabs si istbdabdy fgs ìriamgs ritrgaiìd@iriamgs ì dcbs, dcgs y b`gfisaidtis 9=1

Bdobf Aborirb Iamivirrb, Bfikbd`rb _g`rhuiz y Abrfb Argsb (A@CB)

Kuvidtuìs id ^brbhuby; idtri bfhudgs bvbdais

cdstctuacgdbfis y luamgs ìriamgs pgstirhb`gs@iriamgs ì fbs kuvidtuìs 5>1Lbrb L. îricrb (Fbs _blgdbs)

îrsgdbs bùftbs lbygris; Ubacgs clpgrtbdtis idfb pgftcab pofcab@iriamgs ì fbs pirsgdbs bùftbs lbygris 528

Uirdcab Qirbdc Highmihbd (Idegqui Pirrctgrcbf) C`b `bz (B@BL)

AB^CPYFG UCC; QCQPILBQ @I ^_GPIAACD @I @@MM

Fb ìsagdstruaacd ì fb cdstctuacgdbfc`b` ìf istb`gid lbtircb ì ìriamgs mulbdgsQcstilb pbrbhubyg ì prgtiaacd ì ìriamgs mulbdgs 511

Lbrcg K. Obrrcgs Aairis (Aclì)

Fb pgftcab ìf tirg id lbtircb ì @iriamgs Mulbdgs;idtri if `csaursg istbtbf y if ritrgaisg id if hgai ì ìriamgsQcstilb cdtirdbacgdbf ì prgtiaacd ì ìriamgs mulbdgs 509

Lbrcg K. Obrrcgs Aairis (Aclì)

PILBQ @IF BG

@iriamgs mulbdgs, udb gofchbacd dihb`b pgr if Istb`gid fgs `camgs y id fgs miamgs 552

_gsb ^gsb Hucdib (Iqucpg Bab`lcag Agìmupy)

Ydb @ieidsgrb if ûiofg qui dgs schui ikbd`g id cdìeidscd 582Idrcqui Hbutg Ogzzbdg (Agìmupy)


10/696

^risidtbacd

^brb fb Aggr`cdb`grb ì @iriamgs Mulbdgs ìf ^brbhuby (Agìmupy) is udhustg y ud prcvcfihcg pgìr prisidtbr if Cdegrli @iriamgs Mulbdgs id brb-huby ?>20, if aubf is risuftb`g ì ud iseuirzg agfiatcvg ì `cvirsbs grhbdc-zbacgdis ì fb sgaci`b` acvcf y ì pirsgdbs ìeidsgrbs ì ìriamgs mulbdgsqucidis, id li`cg ì fbs agtc`cbdbs y pirlbdidtis baacgdis ì cdacìdacbqui ìsbrrgffbd, bpgrtbd su bdfcscs y `gaulidtbacd sgori fb sctubacd ìfagdkudtg ì ìriamgs mulbdgs id if pbs, fg aubf mbai pgscofi qui ìsìmbai 23 bgs id egrlb cdcdtirrulpc`b, si pui`b agdtbr agd ud Cdegrli quipritidì sihucr scid`g udb mirrblcidtb qui agdtrcouyb b lgdctgribr i cdac-`cr id fb batubacd ìf Istb`g pbrbhubyg, b d ì qui if lcslg aulpfb agdsus `cvirsgs aglprglcsgs y gofchbacgdis id lbtircb ì ìriamgs mulbdgs,y ì isb lbdirb hidiri fbs agd`cacgdis pbrb if likgrblcidtg ì fb abfc`b`ì vc`b ì fbs pirsgdbs.

Id fb prisidtbacd ìf Cdegrli ?>21, id `cacilori ì `camg bg lglidtgid if aubf fbs idtgdais duivbs butgrc`bìs huoirdblidtbfis ffivbobd 0 li-sis ì histcd sibfoblgs qui fb batubacd qui mbstb isi lglidtg tidbif duivg hgocirdg, bs aglg udb blpfcb lbygrb pbrfblidtbrcb ebvgrbofi bfbs li`c`bs ìf ^riscìdti Mgrbacg Abrtis, ìlgstrbob dg sgfg udb agdtc-

duc`b` ìf baacgdbr ìf hgocirdg ì ebatg ì Eiìrcag Erbdag, scdg udb prg-eud`czbacd ì ud pbtrd ripriscvg ìsì if Istb`g. Pblocd cd`caoblgsqui fb pgftcab iagdlcab clpufsb`b mbstb isi lglidtg, beiatbob dihbtcvb-lidti fb vchidacb ì fgs ìriamgs mulbdgs, qui vbrcbs ìacscgdis ìf ^gìrFihcsfbtcvg fiscgdbobd fbs obsis eud`blidtbfis ìf Istb`g ì @iriamg, y quifgs ìriamgs mulbdgs istbobd busidtis ì fb bhid`b ìf duivg hgocirdg.

ûis ocid, fblidtbofilidti if pbdgrblb id hidirbf dg mb ablocb`g. @u-rbdti if bg ?>20, id if qui si aulpfc if prclir bg ìf batubf hgocirdg,

pirscstc isti pirf ì batubacgdis dihbtcvbs id lbtircb ì ìriamgs mu-lbdgs tbdtg ìsì if ^gìr Ikiautcvg, ìsì if ^gìr Fihcsfbtcvg, y ìsì ifscstilb ì kustcacb. Qcd ilobrhg, id agcdacìdacb agd if @b Cdtirdbacgdbf ìfgs @iriamgs Mulbdgs id `cacilori ì ?>21, if Istb`g pbrbhubyg bdudacpofcablidti su abd`c`bturb bf Agdsikg ì @iriamgs Mulbdgs ì DbacgdisYdc`bs, cdstbdacb aglpuistb pgr 08 Istb`gs. Qcd idtrbr b agdscìrbr fb abfc`b`ì histcd id lbtircb i iriamgs mulbdgs i fgs ils Istb`gs lcilorgsìf Agdsikg, `camb abd`c`bturb agdstctuy udb prgeud`b cdagmiridacb; algud Istb`g qui dg tcidi id su bhid`b fb tiltcab i iriamgs mulbdgs y qui

fgs vcgfb scstiltcablidti, puiì abd`c`btbrsi pbrb cdtihrbr udb cdstbdacbauyg prcdacpbf gokitcvg is if egrtbfiaclcidtg, fb prglgacd y prgtiaacd ìfgs ìriamgs mulbdgs7 S fb cdagmiridacb si prgeud`czb aubd`g id gatuori


11/696

ì ?>20 if Istb`g pbrbhubyg is ifiatg lcilorg ìf Agdsikg, id fb BsblofibHidirbf ì Dbacgdis Ydc`bs.

Istb cdagmiridacb puiì sir cfustrb`b b pbrtcr ì bfhudgs miamgs ilofil-tcags, idtri vbrcgs gtrgs, qui ri ikbd afbrblidti fbs pratcabs dihbtcvbs ìfIstb`g pbrbhubyg, y qui ìsì fb Agìmupy dgs hustbrb sibfbr;

Fb pirscstidacb ì ud pbtrd ripriscvg y ì arclcdbfczbacd, ìf aubf sgdbatcvgs prgtbhgdcstbs vbrcgs kuiais y sabfis, bs aglg if Lcdcstircg ìfCdtircgr: pbtrd qui beiatb euirtilidti b grhbdczbacgdis y agludc`bìsablpiscdbs:

If ^gìr Ikiautcvg pgr ud fb`g, bìls ì sir pbrti batcvb id fb ikiauacd

ìf pbtrd ripriscvg, dg prcgrczb pfbdis y pgftcabs grcidtb`bs b hbrbdtczbrfgs ìriamgs iagdlcags, sgacbfis y aufturbfis: y pgr gtrg fb`g, id kudcgì ?>20, vb ìaritg, mb quctb`g if rbdhg ì Ucailcdcstircg b fb tiltcabì ìriamgs mulbdgs, priabrczbd`g bs ab`b viz ls fb luy òcf cdstc-tuacgdbfc`b` istbtbf id lbtircb ì ìriamgs mulbdgs:

B dcvif ìf ^gìr Fihcsfbtcvg puiìd sibfbrsi bf lidgs `gs miamgs; 2)if riambzg ìf Qidb`g, id dgvcilori ì ?>20, bf prgyiatg ì fiy agdtrbtg`b egrlb ì `csarclcdbacd, ìkbd`g bs ì fb`g fbs riaglid`bacgdis

ì sics Aglcts i Dbacgdis Ydc`bs qui vchcfbd if aulpfclcidtg i trbtb-`gs cdtirdbacgdbfis, tg`gs iffgs rbtcab`gs pgr if Istb`g pbrbhubyg: ?) fbebftb ì dglorblcidtg ì ud duivg ìeidsgr ìf puiofg, agdscìrbd`gfgs sics bgs ì lbd`btg eidiac`g if batubf tctufbr i fb cdstctuacd, auybhistcd bìls is sulblidti cdiacidti:

B dcvif ìf scstilb ì kustcacb, if Absg Auruhubty, bf aubf mbaid rieiridacbvbrcgs brtaufgs ìf Cdegrli, schui scid`g ud absg ilofiltcag ì vcgfb-acd ì ìriamgs mulbdgs. Bqu idagdtrblgs agdtcdubs vcgfbacgdis bf

ìoc`g prgaisg: bs aglg ebftb ì cdvistchbacd tbdtg ì fbs prgobofisikiauacgdis ì bf lidgs 8 ì fgs 22 ablpiscdgs ebffiac`gs, aglg ì absgsì tgrturb suerc`gs pgr ablpiscdgs.

Bs, pgr ud fb`g if Istb`g pbrbhubyg ousab lgstrbr ud rgstrg b dcvif cdtirdb-acgdbf; if ì ud Istb`g aglprglitc`g agd fgs ìriamgs mulbdgs b pbrtcr ìsu abd`c`bturb y lilorisb id if Agdsikg: pirg pgr gtrg, ikirai, ì lbdirbscstiltcab id agdtrb ì sus mboctbdtis, agdstbdtis y pirscstidtis pratcabsdihbtcvbs id lbtircb ì ìriamgs mulbdgs.

Gtrg rgstrg qui tblocd pritidì lgstrbr mgy if Istb`g pbrbhubyg is quiist b ebvgr ì ud ìsbrrgffg qui oidiaci b tg`bs fbs pirsgdbs. ûis ocid,


12/696

is clpgrtbdti ixprisbr qui is clpgscofi pidsbr id ud ìsbrrgffg pbrb tg-`bs y tg`gs sc if Istb`g dg hbrbdtczb fgs ìriamgs mulbdgs, y sc dg b`gptbdgrlbtcvbs, pgftcabs y li`c`bs ì prgtiaacd eridti b fbs `cvirsbs egrlbsì `csarclcdbacd qui beiatbd b vbrcgs siatgris ì fb sgaci`b`. Is pgr iffg,qui if filb ìf Cdegrli ì isti bg is @isbrrgffg agd @iriamgs, Uc`b @chdbscd @csarclcdbacd, idtid`cid`g qui if ìsbrrgffg ìoi sir pidsb`g ìsìudb pirspiatcvb ì ìriamgs y ìsì fb agdaipacd qui if ìsbrrgffg is udìriamg mulbdg, tbf aglg fg ixprisb fb @iafbrbacd ì Dbacgdis Ydc`bs sg-ori if @iriamg bf @isbrrgffg. Qcd ilobrhg, id fb pratcab, risuftb afbrg qui fbagdaipacd ì ìsbrrgffg qui tcidi if Istb`g is ixafuyidti, `csarclcdbtgrcby bdtcìriamgs.

Istruaturb ìf Cdegrli

If Cdegrli ?>20 ridi 0= brtaufgs, ifbogrb`gs pgr 92 butgrbs y butgris y 18grhbdczbacgdis ì fb sgaci`b` acvcf. @camgs brtaufgs agdstctuyid ud lgdctg-rig ì bvbdais, istbdablcidtgs y ritrgaisgs id rifbacd b ab`b ìriamg, tg-lbd`g if pircg`g aglprid`c`g idtri dgvcilori ì ?>21 y gatuori ì ?>20(id vbrcgs brtaufgs, if pircg`g ì bdfcscs si mb ixtid`c`g mbstb dgvciloriì ?>20).

Fgs brtaufgs si `cstrcouyid id duivi siaacgdis, cdcacd`gsi if Cdegrli agdudb siaacd qui cdafuyi brtaufgs ì bdfcscs ì agyudturb pgftcab y iagd-lcab. Fb puofcabacd prgschui agd sciti abptufgs id fgs aubfis si idauidtrbdbrtaufgs rieiridtis b fb sctubacd ìf agdkudtg ì ìriamgs mulbdgs, tbdtgfgs acvcfis y pgftcags, aglg fgs iagdlcags, sgacbfis y aufturbfis, bs aglgfgs scstilbs i prgtiaacd i iriamgs mulbdgs. Ecdbflidti, si cdafuyi udbsiaacd id fb aubf si prisidtbd `gs brtaufgs cìdtcab`gs aglg tilbs ìfbg, agdscìrb`gs ì ispiacbf rifivbdacb pbrb fb Agìmupy.

@ieidsgrbs y ìeidsgris ì ìriamgs mulbdgs mglidbkib`gs agd istiCdegrli

@isì if bg ?>>3, agd fb ribfczbacd ìf Cdegrli, fb Agìmupy rcdì ud li-riac`g mglidbki pstulg b pirsgdbs qui, ìsì sus `ceiridtis loctgs ìbaacd, mcacirgd bpgrtis ì sulb rifivbdacb b fb ìeidsb y prglgacd ì fgsìriamgs mulbdgs, y lgstrbrgd ud prgeud`g aglprglcsg b trbvs ì fbsbaacgdis qui ribfczbrgd id fb osqui`b pirlbdidti pgr fghrbr qui si hb-rbdtcaid pfidblidti fgs ìriamgs mulbdgs pbrb tg`bs fbs pirsgdbs. @cambspirsgdbs, qui fblidtbofilidti dgs ìkbrgd ùrbdti if pircg`g qui bobrabisti Cdegrli, sgd; Obamc Lgdtcif, Hfb`ys Licfcdhir ì Qbddilbdd, IusiocgPgrris, _uod Obricrg Qbhucir, Lcambif _u`gfpm, Kufcg Oifgttg, Brdbf`g Hutc-


13/696

rriz y Fzbrg Li`cdb. @i`cabtgrcbs pbrb ab`b udb y udg ì iffgs si cdafuyidtblocd id isti Cdegrli.

Bhrbìaclcidtgs

@isì fb Agìmupy ixprisblgs duistrg prgeud`g bhrbìaclcidtg b fbs y fgsbutgris i fgs brtaufgs, b fbs grhbdczbacgdis qui pbrtcacpbrgd id fb ri`baacdì fgs lcslgs, bs aglg b fbs pirsgdbs qui cdtihrbrgd if iqucpg bab`lcagy i`ctgr ìf Cdegrli. Qcd iffbs y iffgs, isti Cdegrli dg muocirb sc`g pgscofi.Pblocd bhrbìailgs luy ispiacbflidti b fbs schucidtis bhidacbs y idtc-`bìs qui `cirgd su bpgyg y agdtrcouacd pbrb fb ribfczbacd ìf Cdegrli;Eud`bacd Byu`b id Baacd: @cbjgdcb Hidti qui ablocb if lud`g: CAAGAggpirbacd: fb Bsisgrb id @iriamgs Mulbdgs ì fbs Dbacgdis Ydc`bs pbrb^brbhuby ì fb Gacdb ìf Bftg Aglcscgdb`g pbrb fgs @iriamgs Mulbdgs: fbYdcd Iurgpib: y YDE^B Egd`g ì ^gofbacd ì fbs Dbacgdis Ydc`bs.

Ecdbflidti, fb Agìmupy ribrlb su pfidg aglprglcsg b ebvgr ì udb auftu-rb ì pbz, ì fb dg vcgfidacb, y ì fb vchidacb pfidb ì fgs ìriamgs mulbdgs.

Idrcqui Hbutg OgzzbdgQiaritbrcg Ikiautcvg

AG@IMY^S


14/696

cd lilgrcbl


15/696


16/696

Obamc Lgdtcif

_ihrisg ìsì if bflb

Mby lglidtgs idtri fb vc`b y fb luirti id qui fbs pbfborbs si tgpbd ìs-ogab`bs y vbhbs agd fb clpgtidacb ì su prgpcb dctu`, su dbturbf istriamiz,

eridti b tg`g fg qui qucscirbd ixprisbr y dg bfabdzbd. Qurhi idtgdais if pg-ìr sclofcag ì fgs histgs pbrb cdtidtbr ìacr fg cdiebofi, trbdslctcr bpidbsfg qui ì gtrg lg`g risuftb ìdctcvblidti clpgscofi.

Lukir, mirlbdb, blchb, aglpbirb Pg`b fb ogd`b` ì isgs fbzgs ti aboid ysi risulid id tu sir mulbdb dc ls dc lidgs qui db`ci, agld y ispiacbf bud lcslg bd`br i ixcstidacb pfidb. Cdvbrcbofilidti tidbz y isegrzb`b, ous-abd`g ariair y `brsi id ud dclg `cspuistg b supirbr afbu`cabacgdis, fb b`-virsc`b` ì udb ideirli`b` qui dg ti bagobr`, y vidair bd fb luirti. Ugs,

dgsgtrbs y dgsgtrgs dgs `blgs auidtb idtgdais qui fg fghrbsti. ^grqui mgy,bqu y bmgrb, vgfvcsti pbrb qui`brti: budqui ti vbybs, scd fb busidacb blbrhbì udb pbrtc`b qui si pcir`b id if gfvc`g. @i bmgrb id ls ists y pirlbdi-airs pbrb `brdgs euirzbs y baglpbbrdgs id fg qui ilpizblgs, agdtcdub-lgs y sihucrilgs agdstruyid`g agd if ilpuki ì udb euirzb cdixtcdhucofi.

Isti mbstb fuihg, isti mglidbki qui dgs ìafbrblgs dgs lbrab udb pbutbpbrb agdvidcr quczs id qui fb itirdc`b` y fgs siris qui fb mboctbd id fb scd-tgdb ìf blgr qui trbsacidì, kbls luirid. Qu ìstcdg si trbdsegrlb idudb prisidacb qui pirùrb i cdspcrb ud ilpuki qui si sgstcidi eud`blid-tbflidti sgori fbs muiffbs clogrrbofis qui dgs ìkbrgd. Id isti absg, fbs ìtus pbsgs, qui riagdgailgs agd udb hrbtctu` cdlidsb, silikbdti b fb ì tuilpig.

MBQPB QCIL^_I, AGL^B!... ^_IQIDPI!

Qirpbk-^y


17/696

Hfb`ys Licfcdhir ì Qbddilbdd,slogfg ì riscstidacb

B fgs =0 bgs ì i`b`, dgs ìk Hfb`ys Licfcdhir ì Qbddilbdd. ^gabs pir-sgdbs id isti pbs mbd tidc`g udb vc`b agd tbd vbrcb`bs ixpircidacbs ì pir-siauacd istbtbf. S sgd bd lidgs fbs qui si sgoripuscirgd bf `gfgr y bf lci-`g y schucirgd agd vbfidtb udb fdib agmiridti.

Hfb`ys eui ikilpfbr id fbs lftcpfis ebaitbs ì su ixcstidacb; aglg lb`ri,ispgsb y tb id if ixcfcg brhidtcdg: aglg tgrturb`b y isbpbriac`b: aglg l-`cab rieuhcb`b id Bfilbdcb. Qgorivcvc b `gs fuhbris auloris ìf tirrgrcslgpgftcag fbtcdgblircabdg id 2385; if @ipbrtblidtg ì Cdvistchbacgdis ìBsudacd y fb Isauifb ì Liadcab ì fb Brlb`b ì Ouidgs Bcris. Lcidtrbsirb vatclb i fb ripriscd iac`c agdvirtcrsi tblocd id udb siaritb ripgr-tirb ìf tirrgr. Bdgt dgloris, kirbrqubs, eiambs y fuhbris.

Aubd`g pu`g rihrisbr bf ^brbhuby, tuvg if tilpfi ì rivifbr fb ixcstidacb ìfmbstb idtgdais ìsagdgac`g Gpirbtcvg Ad`gr b trbvs ì ud fcorg cadcag.Hfb`ys eui, bìls ì ud ebrg ì `chdc`b`, ud rieuhcg afc`g y sgfc`brcg pbrbluambs vatclbs ì fb `catbùrb.

Bferi`g Ogaacb ^bz,aglpbirg ì cdvistchbacgdis


18/696

_uod Obricrg Qbhucir

Dbac id Ucffitb id 231>. Id Ucffitb ìf Hubrdcpctd, aglg b f fi hustbob ffb-lbrfi. Is isi if tirrctgrcg ltcag id if qui si isbrrgffbd luambs i fbs mcstg-rcbs ì sus fcorgs. Yd tirrctgrcg id `gdì, tblocd, suai`cirgd miamgs eud`b-lidtbfis ì fb mcstgrcb ìf ^brbhuby. Obstb actbr udg, qui Obricrg Qbhucir sgfbriagr`br aglg sc fg muocirb vcstg agd sus prgpcgs gkgs; if euscfblcidtg ì fgsftclgs rivgfuacgdbrcgs ì fb huirrb acvcf ìf 08, auyb sbdhri, ìab if isarctgr,mbob tic`g ì rgkg fbs bhubs ìf rg ^brbhuby.

Isb agdtcid`b eui ìacscvb pbrb fb ffblb`b prglgacd ìf 9>, b fb qui Obric-rg Qbhucir pirtidiab. ^gr iffg, id fb Babìlcb Ydcvirsctbrcb ì fb Ebauftb`ì Ecfgsgeb ì fb qui f egrlbob pbrti, irbd fg lcslg if lpitu fctirbrcg yif pgftcag. S Obricrg Qbhucir, priscìdti ìf Aidtrg ì Istu`cbdtis ì `cambcdstctuacd, idabrd aglg db`ci id su hidirbacd isi `gofi clpufsg b udtcilpg isttcag y tcag.

Fcaidacb`g id Fitrbs id 2398, `gs bgs bdtis eud` fb rivcstb Bfagr (bf prcd-

acpcg agd if dglori Auidag), pristchcgsb puofcabacd qui ùrbdti absc `gsàb`bs cg b agdgair fg ls duivg i fb fctirbturb pbrbhubyb y fbtcdgblirc-abdb. Id 235?, pbrtc b Erbdacb pbrb ispiacbfczbrsi id fctirbturb. Bff ikirac fbati`rb id fb Ydcvirsc`b` i brs-Dbdtirri y fuihg id fb i brs-Ucdaiddis.Id istb ftclb ari fb ati`rb ì Fidhub y Aufturb Hubrbd.

Id 2350 puofca su fcorg ì pgilbs Ocghrbeb ì busidti. Id 238? su fcorg ìauidtgs Gkg pgr cidti eui hbfbr`gdb`g agd if ^rilcg Absb i fbs Blrcabsì Auob. Istbob id Bsudacd aubd`g fgs isocrrgs ì fb `catbùrb fg ffivbrgd

prisg b rbz ì isti prilcg lbrxcstb. Istuvg id fb araif ùrbdti ud lis.Cdtifiatubfis ì tg`g if lud`g rlbrgd udb abrtb b ebvgr ì su fcoirtb`;Kibd-^buf Qbrtri, Micdrcam Off, Hborcif Hbrab Lrquiz, Irdistg Qobtg, Qc-lgdi ì Oibuvgcr, _gfbd` Obrtmis, Ucaidti Bficxbd`ri, Lbduif ûch, idtriluamgs gtrgs. @i bquiffb ixpircidacb sbfcirgd fgs pgilbs bhrupb`gs obkg ifdglori ì ^rcscd.

Id 2380, id _glb, b cdstbdacbs ì Kufcg Agrtzbr, ìdudac fgs arlidis ì fb`catbùrb i Bferi`g Qtrgissdir id if Prcoudbf _ussiff CC. brtcacp batcvblid-ti id if ixcfcg ì fb riscstidacb aufturbf b fb `catbùrb strgdcstb, fuihg ì auybab`b pu`g rihrisbr bf pbs. Id ìlgarbacb eui agdvidacgdbf agdstctuyidti


19/696

id 233? y bogh pgr if riagdgaclcidtg ìf hubrbd aglg fidhub gacbf. Ikir-ac if abrhg ì ilobkb`gr pbrbhubyg id Erbdacb, y b prcdacpcgs ì fb àb`bìf ?>>> rihris ìdctcvblidti bf pbs, id `gdì puofca su fcorg ì auid-tgs Fb rgsb bzuf (^rilcg Dbacgdbf ì Fctirbturb ?>>9) y ì pgilbs Fbìrbì fb tbrì y gtrbs risurriaacgdis (?>>8).

Qu fctirbturb borivb ì fb agdvcvidacb idtri if hubrbd y if abstiffbdg, ìf

lud`g ablpiscdg y ì fb ìshrbacb ìf ixcfcg. Pbdtg su pgisb aglg su db-rrbtcvb dg ìsìbrgd dudab if pufsg sgacbf. Bquiffb, sgori tg`g, si abrbati-rczb pgr udb dgstbfhcb ì su pbtrcb y, sgori tg`g, ìf tirrctgrcg ì su cdebdacb;Ucffitb ìf Hubrdcpctd, isi puirtg idtri auygs istcob`gris fihid`brcgs ag-dgac fb rbz ì su fctirbturb.

Ofbs Ortiz,pircg`cstb y isarctgr


20/696

Iusiocg Pgrris

Id fb lilgrcb ì Abrfgs Iusiocg Pgrris (59), gtrb vatclb ls ì fb orutbfc-`b` agd qui si ixprisb if pgìr ixtrbatcvcstb id Bftg ^brbd, fb rihcd lssgkirb ì ^brbhuby.

Pgrris egrl pbrti i udb hidirbacd i ieidsgris i fgs ìriamgs ablpi-scdgs ì su rihcd id tcilpgs ì agdsgfc`bacd ìf lgìfg sgkirg, b trbvsì fb piditrbacd ì agfgdgs orbscfigs id fb ergdtirb pbrbhubyg-orbscfib.

Dg si gofih bdti fbs prgpuistbs iagdlcabs i batgris if bhrgdihgacg dcbdti fbs blidbzbs, bdti fbs aubfis gtrgs y gtrbs `crchidtis si vcirgd egrzb`gsì sbfcr ì fb rihcd.

If acrauctg sgkirg ìac`c ifclcdbrfg escablidti agdtrbtbd`g scabrcgs if 2? ìlbrzg ì ?>20, eridti b su absb, uocab`b id fb agfgdcb Qbdtb Fuab ì fb acu`b ìCtbjyry. Mgy schuid suiftgs fgs rispgdsbofis lbtircbfis i cdtifiatubfis if arclid.

Id fbs ftclbs silbdbs if rieiridti pbrtcacpbob ì ud aglpfikg prgaisg ìfHgocirdg pbrbhubyg, qui pritid`b riaupirbr tcirrbs istbtbfis usurpb`bs pgragfgdgs sgkirgs id Qbdtb Fuab, pirg agd if gokitcvg ì riuocabr bff b eblcfcbsscd tcirrb qui schdcabobd ud hrbd `gfgr ì aboizb bf lbygr prgùatgr sgkirgid ^brbhuby, if orbscfig Prbdqucfg Ebvirg, pgr gaupbr sus ixpfgtbacgdis sg- kirbs id baud`by.

Fb riaupirbacd ì fbs tcirrbs ì Qbdtb Fuab scilpri eui udb ricvcd`cabacdì fbs eblcfcbs ablpiscdbs ìf fuhbr y ì sus `crchidtis. gr isg mbab ud bgbprgxclb`blidti qui Pgrris istbob blidbzb`g, fg qui si riaruìac aubd-`g if Hgocirdg batubf ìac`c cdtirvidcr fbs tcirrbs usurpb`bs.

Aglg bdtchug `crchidti y udg ì fgs qui ls sihuclcidtg mczg b fbs ì-dudacbs, Pgrris si idabrh ì baglpbbr y lgstrbr fb ribfc`b` ì fbs tcirrbsì Qbdtb Fuab b eudacgdbrcgs ìf Istb`g, fg qui mborb ideuriac`g b araufgssgkirgs y ì eudacgdbrcgs agrruptgs ìf Cdìrt. Id isi agdtixtg si mborb ì-dc`g su ikiauacd.

Fuihg ì su luirti, if Hgocirdg pbrbhubyg si ìsidtid`c y trbt ì isquc-vbr su rispgdsbocfc`b` ì mboir ixpuistg bf `crchidti id if prgaisg.

Kgrhi Hgdzfiz,agludcab`gr sgacbf ì OBQI CQ


21/696

Lcambif _u`gfpm

Lcambif _u`gfpm, pi`bhghg cdtiraufturbf y ìstbab`g `gaidti, eui ud iù-ab`gr rieiridti id fb zgdb ì Fglb ^fbtb, y ùrbdti luamgs bgs ì`ca sutcilpg y iseuirzg b fb egrlbacd ì agludc`bìs cd`hidbs y ambquibs._u`gfpm, ì prgeud`b ei abtfcab, istuvg absb`g agd Lbrcb Huidtmir.

Ikirac fb `gaidacb id if Agfihcg Fglb ^fbtb, Cdstctutg ì Egrlbacd @gaidtiì Ecfbìfb y id fgs agfihcgs Hgitmi y Agdagr`cb ì Bsudacd. Bpgrt sus-tbdacbflidti id fb istruaturbacd y ri`baacd istbtutbrcb ì fb AggpirbtcvbAmgrtctzir y gtrbs cdstctuacgdis ìf Ambag.

Qcd ilobrhg, su gorb ls ìstbab`b mb sc`g fb prglgacd ì fgs @iriamgsMulbdgs ì fgs ûiofgs Cd`hidbs, y ispiaablidti, if @iriamg Mulbdgb fb Bfclidtbacd bìaub`b ì fbs suerc`bs agludc`bìs ìf Ambag. @urbdtils ì 1 fustrgs prglgacgd fb hbrbdtb ì istgs ìriamgs ìsì su rgf ìaggr`cdb`gr hidirbf ì ÂC - ^rg Agludc`bìs Cd`hidbs, tbrib qui fi tgaaulpfcr isì 2338 mbstb su ebffiaclcidtg. @isì ud isprctu prgeud`blidtisgfc`brcg pbrb agd fgs puiofgs cd`hidbs, bsulc istb tbrib agd hrbd rispgd-sbocfc`b`, ìsì udb batctu` blbofi, hrbtb y ogd`b`gsb.

_u`gfpm agdscìrbob qui fb diaisc`b` ìf ikiracacg ìf ìriamg pgr pbrti ìfbs agludc`bìs cd`hidbs irb urhidti, rbzd pgr fb aubf trbobkbob id ebvgrì qui fbs cdstctuacgdis bsulbd agdaritblidti isti aglprglcsg. Erutg ìiffg, ìsì ÂC mb prgpcacb`g dulirgsgs ispbacgs ì ixchcocfc`b` ìf @iri-amg cdvgfuarbd`g b hgocirdgs fgabfis y if hgocirdg aidtrbf, b trbvs ì agl-prglcsgs agdaritgs id agdvidcgs, qui f lcslg si idabrhbob ì histcgdbrmbstb fb rlb.

Aglg `crb udb `crchidti cd`hidb id su sipifcg, fb sigrb Dgrlb fvbriz, ìfûiofg Idxit; Lcambif, fbs agludc`bìs cd`hidbs if Ambag dg si gfvc`brdì vgs.

I``ci Bdtgdcg _blriz,

prgeiscgdbf ì`cab`g b fb prglgacdì @@MM ì puiofgs cd`hidbs


22/696

Kufcg Oifgttg

Mby hidti qui fuamb tg`b fb vc`b,isgs sgd fgs clprisacd`cofis

Dg mby likgr erbhlidtg qui isti pgilb ì Oirtgft Oriamt pbrb mbair riei-ridacb b Kufcg Oifgttg, ebffiac`g if 12 ì gatuori ìf agrrcidti, scid`g aggr`c-db`gr hidirbf ì fb Aggr`cdb`grb ì Fuamb`gris y Uatclbs ì fb @catbùrb(Agìfuamb) y lcilorg batcvg ì fb Lisb ì Lilgrcb Mcstrcab.

Eui crchidti istu`cbdtcf siaud`brcg i fb Isauifb i Agliracg, id fb fuamb agdtrbfb catbùrb if hidirbf Bferi`g Qtrgissdir b dbfis i fgs bgs 9>: `crchidti i fbmuifhb istu`cbdtcf pgr fb qui suerc ripriscd, agddblcidtg y ixcfcg y, pbrtcr ìbm, dudab aik id fb fuamb pgr fb fcoirtb` y fb ìlgarbacb id if ^brbhuby.

Lcilorg ì fb Kuvidtu` Agfgrb`b ìlgartcab, pirsihuc`g pgr fb dbacidti`catbùrb, istirrb`g bf Ambag, i gdì si isabpb pbrb Ogfcvcb, y si sulb b fbfuamb id fbs fbs ì Lgvclcidtg ^gpufbr Agfgrb`g (Lgpgag) id fb Brhidtcdb,id `gdì lcfctb batcvblidti. îrlbdiai 1> bgs id if ixcfcg, rihrisbd`g bf^brbhuby trbs fb ab`b ì fb `catbùrb id 23=3.

Fb lidtb`b trbdscacd ìlgartcab, obkg fb obtutb ì ud siatgr ìf agfgrb-`cslg strgdcstb, mbai qui si vuifqui b fb lcfctbdacb sgacbf pgr fgs @iriamgsMulbdgs, ricvcd`cabd`g fb fuamb y b fgs fuamb`gris qui mbd ideridtb`g b fb`catbùrb y b su `chdcabacd aglg pirsgdbs y acu`b`bdgs.

Id isti lbrag, ìsì fb aribacd ì fb Agìfuamb, ikirai fb aggr`cdbacd hi-dirbf clpufsbd`g sus batcvc`bìs prgpcbs, sulbd`g sus iseuirzgs pbrb fb ri-aupirbacd y vbfgrbacd ì fb lilgrcb id fb agdstruaacd ì fb ìlgarbacb.Agfbogrb agd fb Lisb ì Lilgrcb Mcstrcab: agdtrcouyi b fb osqui`b ì fgsristgs ì fgs ìsbpbriac`gs kudtg bf mckg ì su aglpbirg ì fuamb, mbstbmgy ìsbpbriac`g, if `gatgr Bhustd Hgcour.

Istclb`g aglpbirg, ablbrb`b, agrrifchcgdbrcg Kufcg Oifgttg, qui id pbz dgìsabdsis, qui fb fuamb schui. Dg gfvcìs qui tu ikilpfg is obdìrb!

Agìfuamb


23/696

Brdbf`g Hutcrriz

If 22 ì dgvcilori ì ?>20, Brdbf`g vcg pgr d fbs cddctbs prbìrbs ìf SvyLbrbdi y su agrbzd bfabdz fb pfidctu` i fb pbz Fbs lbrambs, fbs muifhbs,fbs lbdceistbacgdis pgpufbris ixtrbbrd tu bftcvb y ìsbbdti prisidacb.

Fgs ablpiscdgs ì duistrg blb`g pbs iambrd ì lidgs tus bpgrtis, tusri ixcgdis y tu aglpbrtcr sgfc`brcg id kgrdb`bs y riudcgdis, bf chubf qui fbscdstctuacgdis ì fb sgaci`b` acvcf b fbs qui pirtidiacsti. Rui tu agdtrcouacd,ìsì if Lcdcstircg ì Iùabacd, pbrb cdstbfbr if tilb ì fgs @iriamgs Mu-lbdgs, sib fb pfbtbegrlb pbrb cr bvbdzbd`g mbacb duivgs fghrgs.

Rui fb silcffb ì tu vc`b sidacffb, sgfc`brcb y aglprglitc`b agd fbs abusbsdgofis, hirlcdi agd euirzb id duistrgs agrbzgdis.

Lboif Pgrris ì Hutcrriz


24/696

Fzbrg Li`cdb

If rctlg ìf tblogr vcvi id duistrg auirpg.

Lcidtrbs mbyb ud bergìsaid`cidti id Jblob Aub, tid`rilgs istb y rid`c-rilgs auftg b duistrg prgtiatgr Qbd Obftbsbr.

If 0 ì lbrzg ì ?>21, fb luirti truda if prgaisg qui cdcacbsti. Pu cdtirsy ì`cabacd, bf brti ì grchid bercabdg aglg istcfg ì vc`b, ì gpcdcd y ìixpriscd agdtrcouyirgd b qui lcfis ì pbrbhubygs/bs pui`bd ripidsbr fbsagdstruaacgdis sgacbfis y aufturbfis sgori fb cìdtc`b` pbrbhubyb. @isì tudciz, aglprid`csti if lidsbki ì tus pb`ris, tus mirlbdgs/bs y fgs agl-pbrtcsti agd tg`gs, agd dcgs, dcbs, lukiris, b`gfisaidtis y bùftgs.

_iagdgailgs tus iseuirzgs y ì`cabacd, pgr fgs aubfis qui`bd vchidtispbrb tg`gs dgsgtrgs tus gorbs y tus idsibdzbs.

Kgs Abrfgs Li`cdb Bfegdsg


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bdfcscs `iagyudturb


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AB_PIQ;@IF @IQAGDACI_PGBF IQPBDABLCIDPGB

Rucidis bpgstbobd b fb cdstbfbacd ì ud hg-ocirdg ilprisbrcbf, digfcoirbf y pirsgdbfcstbsi iqucvgabrgd. Abrtis ìlgstr sir ls

aglpfikg ì bdbfczbr. Qu prclir bg eui bfhgìsagdairtbdti, budqui isg dg schdcqui

qui mbyb hgoirdb`g ocid. Muog bvbdais idbspiatgs cdispirb`gs, aglg fb trbdspbrid-acb ì fb eudacd pofcab, bf tcilpg qui siagdsgfc` udb vcscd ribaacgdbrcb sgori fgstilbs vcdaufb`gs b fgs ìriamgs mulbdgsy if rib sgacbf. Abrtis aruz if ?>20 agd ifalg`g agfamd ì fb suprilbab pbrtc`brcbid fgs tris pgìris. Id isi sidtc`g, pbrb f

eui ud bg trbdqucfg. ^brb if pbs, eui ud bgpir`c`g, yb qui fb pgorizb y fb cdiquc`b`

sgacbf euirgd ogrrb`bs ì fb bhid`b.

Bferi`g Ogaacb ^bz


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If bdfcscs ì agyudturb ìf bg pbsb`g tirlcdbob ixprisbd`g if tilgr ìfbs grhbdczbacgdis ì ìriamgs mulbdgs eridti b fb vcscofi baulufbacd ìpgìr ì Mgrbacg Abrtis y fb prisulcofi grcidtbacd digfcoirbf ùrb quib`gptbrb su hgocirdg. Yd bg ìspus, isbs lcslbs grhbdczbacgdis riagdg-aid ud acirtg ìsagdacirtg pgrqui fbs agsbs dg suai`cirgd ixbatblidti bs.Abrtis dg batu tbf aglg si arib, budqui isg dg schdcqui qui mbyb tidc`gud ouid ìsilpig.

Qc ocid if duivg rulog is lbrab`blidti digfcoirbf, is agdtrb`catgrcg quiùrbdti hrbd pbrti ì isti bg absc pbrbfczbrb if hbstg pofcag beiatbd`g ifeudacgdblcidtg ì ribs afbvis aglg fbs ì cderbistruaturb y sbfu` pofcab.Qi supgdb qui isti hgocirdg lgstrbrb acirtb iacidacb, `b`g if pirf il-prisbrcbf ì ouidb pbrti ìf hbocditi, scd ilobrhg fg qui privbfiac eui udobksclg dcvif ì ikiauacd ì fgs prisupuistgs lcdcstircbfis, fbs quikbs pgrif lbf eudacgdblcidtg ì fgs mgspctbfis, fb busidacb rictirb`b ì cdsulgsy fb ebftb ì ripbrbacd y agdstruaacd ì rutbs b fg fbrhg ìf pbs. Isi fbrhgagdhifblcidtg ìf hbstg pofcag - diaisbrcg, sihd if hgocirdg, pbrb mbairudb bu`ctgrb i fb ebrrbhgsb histcd i Eiìrcag Erbdag - dg agd`cai scqucirbagd fgs afscags bkustis istruaturbfis digfcoirbfis qui suifid bpudtbr b riì-dcr fb cdvirscd, rbacgdbfczbr acirtg tcpg ì hbstgs, ita., pirg agd li`c`bs ìobfbdai qui ivctbd if istbdablcidtg ì fb batcvc`b` iagdlcab.

If ìsagdacirtg bf qui mbailgs rieiridacb si rieuirzb pgr if ixtrbgr`cdbrcgbpurg qui lgstr if hgocirdg bf cdcacg ì su lbd`btg, bf ixchcr bf ^brfb-lidtg fb bprgobacd urhidti i tris fiyis b fbs qui idbd aglg aruacbfispbrb if ìspihui ìf ìsbrrgffg ìf pbs; fb ì _ispgdsbocfc`b` Ecsabf, fbì @ieidsb Dbacgdbf y fb ì fb Bfcbdzb ôfcag-^rcvb`b (B^^)2. If gokitcvgeui rpc`blidti gotidc`g y Abrtis si agdvcrtc id if priscìdti acvcf agdlbygr pgìr bf cdcacg ì su lbd`btg ìsì fb pgab ì _g`rhuiz ì Erbd-acb. îrg fuihg ì isi aglcidzg virtchcdgsg, yb agd fgs cdstrulidtgs id fb

lbdg, tg`g si eui eridbd`g scd udb ixpfcabacd afbrb. If prgaisg ì fbs B^^si `ceulcd id udb ourgartcab lbrbb ì rihfblidtbacgdis y dihgacbacg-dis, if Ikractg ìf ûiofg ^brbhubyg (I^^) schuc tbd cdixpuhdbofi aglgscilpri y if duivg prisupuistg dg trbkg ablocgs dgvi`gsgs agd rispiatgbf ì bgs bdtircgris.

Airabdg yb bf d ì bg fb sidsbacd ì fb pridsb y ì fb hidti is qui fbB^^ sir luamg ls fidtb ì fg qui si dgs pcdt y ist fikgs ì sir if lg-

2 Dgtb ìf Iqucpg; ^brb blpfcbr cdegrlbacd sgori fb bprgobacd ì istbs tris fiyis id fgs prclirgs `bs ìhgocirdg ì Mgrbacg Abrtis, si riaglcid`b fb fiaturb ìf brtaufg Agdaidtrbacd ì pgìr pbrb ud rulogdigfcoirbf ì Ogaacb ^bz, id if abptufg Pilbs ìf bg ìf cdegrli @iriamgs Mulbdgs id ^brbhuby ?>21 ìfb Agìmupy.


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tgr qui `cdblcai duistrb iagdglb b agrtg pfbzg. Qbfvg bfhudbs ilprisbsixtrbdkirbs qui idvcbrgd ikiautcvgs b lcrbr if tirridg, `b fb clpriscd quifb bfcbdzb idtri istbs y fb ourhuisb dbacgdbf dg risuft tbd eacf aglg idfgs pbpifis. ^gr gtrb pbrti if idgrli y agstgsg agdtcdhidti ì lcfctbris

istbacgdb`g id fgs ìpbrtblidtgs ì Qbd î`rg y Agdaipacd dg scrvi ìluamg. Id fb lcslb zgdb prgtihc`b pgr iffgs, if I^^ agdtcdu ribfczbd`gbtbquis y lbdtcidi siauistrb`gs b ud pgfcab y bf b`gfisaidti Brfbd, agd-virtc`g id slogfg ì fb cdsihurc`b` pbrbhubyb. Mulcffbacgdis ì isti ab-fcori b fbs euirzbs ì sihurc`b` dbacgdbf fi muocirbd agstb`g b Eirdbd`gFuhg vbrcgs kucacgs pgftcags luamg bdtis ì fg ì Auruhubty. Qcd ilobrhg,fb ilpbtb ì ouidb pbrti ì fb pridsb y ì fgs hrupgs eatcags ì pgìragd Mgrbacg Abrtis fi mbai pbhbr ud agstg pgftcag absc tbd crrcsgrcg aglg ifclpuistg b fb sgkb id if ^brbhuby.

If istcfg ì ud aidtrg ì hgocirdg pbrbfifg lbdtidc`g pgr Abrtis ùrbdtitg`g if bg, fi mb trb`g ls prgofilbs qui sgfuacgdis. Isgs bsisgris g hi-ridtis dg riludirb`gs qui batbd pgr euirb ìf grhbdchrblb istbtbf y ris-pgdìd sgfg bf priscìdti si agdvcrtcirgd id egag ì artcabs, fg qui gofchb fihbfczbrfgs ì bfhd lg`g. Aglg irb privcscofi, pgr fg lidgs `gs ì iffgssi cdvgfuarbrgd id sgspiambs ì utcfczbr fb cdegrlbacd prcvcfihcb`b b fb quibaai`bd id prgviamg ì ilprisbs prgpcbs.

Fb prisidacb i istbs pirsgdbs id fgs dcvifis iacsgrcgs ì ud hgocirdg btid-tb agdtrb fb cdstctuacgdbfc`b` ì fb _ipofcab y beiatb fb clbhid y if rispitgìf vir`bìrg hbocditi, if qui ì pgr s tcidi sus prgpcgs prgofilbs. If pir-f ì vbrcbs ì fbs pirsgdbs ìf hbocditi lcdcstircbf is if ì prgeiscgdbfisixpirtgs id su rib pirg luy pgag mocfis id if lbdikg ì fg pofcag. Qurifbacgdblcidtg agd fbs grhbdczbacgdis sgacbfis is pgori, pirg sgrpridìd-tilidti tblpgag is ouidg agd vbrcgs siatgris ilprisbrcbfis. @isì fg pg-ftcag is ud hbocditi absc cdvcscofi, mbstb if pudtg qui pgabs pirsgdbs sgd

abpbais ì riagr`br if dglori ì acdag lcdcstrgs. Fbs pgftcabs pofcabs quisi isogzbrgd lgstrbrgd id luamgs absgs fb pbrtcaufbrc`b` ì qui euirbdbdudacb`bs y, bdti fbs prclirbs artcabs, ritcrb`bs g lg`cab`bs, ìkbd`g fbclpriscd ì ritrgaisg pgr cdsihurc`b`.

Fb sctubacd i fgs lcdcstrgs si aglpfcab pgr fb dgtbofi cauftb` i agludc-abacd qui mb lgstrb`g isti hgocirdg. Qu fikbdb ì fb hidti y su òcf abpb-ac`b` ì cdtirfgauacd agd `ceiridtis siatgris, puiì ìoirsi b fb ritcaidacbìf priscìdti b bpbriair pofcablidti. Qus prgfgdhb`gs scfidacgs goiì-

airbd bf clpbatg dihbtcvg qui mbd tidc`g bfhudbs ìafbrbacgdis pofcabssuybs erbdablidti cdeifcais.


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Fb lbfb rifbacd ì Abrtis agd fg sgacbf

If aglobti b fb pgorizb eui ud fictlgtcv i fb ablpbb i Mgrbacg Abrtis. ^grisg, rictirg id isti sgfildi batg, qui duistrb gosiscd is hbdbr ab`b obtbffbì fb huirrb qui mgy ìafbrblgs b fb pgorizb id if ^brbhuby sgstuvg, idetc-ag, if 29 ì bhgstg ì ?>21. ^gstircgrlidti, fbs lidacgdis b fbs pgftcabs bdtcpgorizb euirgd ìsbpbriacid`g ì fgs `csaursgs b fg fbrhg ìf bg y sgfg ifprghrblb Qilorbd`g Gpgrtudc`bìs is pofcablidti vcscofi. Qi trbtb i udprghrblb dbacgdbf ì riùaacd ì fb pgorizb ixtrilb qui ousab bulidtbrfgs cdhrisgs y if baaisg b fgs sirvcacgs sgacbfis ì fbs eblcfcbs id agd`cacgdisì lbygr vufdirbocfc`b`. @istcdb`b b eblcfcbs rurbfis y urobdbs, fb prgpuistbgeriai abpbactbacgdis id gacgs, bscstidacb tadcab i cdafusg silcffbs, sihdfbs diaisc`bìs ì fb pgofbacd ì ab`b siatgr. Isg crb baglpbb`g pgr fbagdstruaacd ì vcvcid`bs y ablcdgs rurbfis. Qi bulidtbrbd fbs trbdseirid-acbs lgditbrcbs (Pijgpgr) ì =>.>>> b 2>>.>>> eblcfcbs y si lbdtid`rb ifprghrblb ì pirsgdbs bùftbs lbygris y if ì abpbactbacd ì kvidis. Dgtg`g istg pu`g aulpfcrsi. Qc ocid Abrtis mb bdudacb`g qui yb sgd ls ì2>>.>>> fbs eblcfcbs oidiacb`bs agd if prghrblb Pijgpgr: id if likgr ìfgs absgs, fb Qiaritbrb Dbacgdbf ì fb Ucvcid`b y if Moctbt (Qidbvctbt) ffihbrb 2>.>>> vcvcid`bs id ikiauacd, fg qui riprisidtb lidgs ì fb lctb` ì fgqui si prgpusg pofcablidti if hgocirdg mbai ud bg.

^gr if lglidtg, if hgocirdg utcfczb b su ebvgr fbs acerbs ì `cslcduacd ì fbpgorizb gaurrc`b id fgs ftclgs bgs ùrbdti lbd`btgs bkidgs y qui euirbdpuofcab`bs agd ritrbsg. Id aubfqucir absg, fgs bdbfcstbs iagdlcags agcdac-ìd id fb vgfbtcfc`b` i isgs dlirgs y qui`b afbrg qui dg ist id fgs pfbdisì Abrtis prgùacr ablocgs `rbltcags ì cdvirscd sgacbf id fb istruatu-rb prisupuistbrcb. Istb dg is udb ouidb dgtcacb, puistg qui sc aglpbrblgsif hbstg sgacbf bdubf pgr pirsgdb id `fbris, id Blrcab Fbtcdb if prgli`cgis ì 80= `fbris, lcidtrbs qui id ^brbhuby sgfg si bfabdzb fgs 208 `fbris.

Aubd`g obkg fb b`lcdcstrbacd Abrtis si mbofb i bustirc`b` b`lcdcstrbtcvbmby qui fiir bkusti id hbstgs sgacbfis.

Fb bpriacbacd ì fb pgofbacd is qui b Mgrbacg Abrtis dg fi clpgrtbd fgsprgofilbs sgacbfis. Fgs absgs pbrb`chltcags i sbfu` y iùabacd pirlctidsgstidir qui fb hidti dg ist tbd iqucvgab`b.

If pbsg ì fgs bgs pirlcti vcsubfczbr agd lbygr afbrc`b` qui fbs pgftcabsclpfilidtb`bs isì if ?>>= id sbfu` agd iquc`b` y abfc`b` i vc`b agdstc-

tuyirgd ablocgs istruaturbfis i lbhdctu` qui si trudabrgd boruptblidtiid kudcg ì ?>2?. @isì idtgdais bscstclgs b ud ìtircgrg ìf scstilb ìsbfu` pofcab. ^brtcaufbrlidti id isti hgocirdg si mczg ivcìdti fb ebftb ì


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udb pgftcab sbdctbrcb ìdc`b. ^brb`kcablidti isg prgvga qui if `bg siblidgr; bf abriair ì udb vcscd prgpcb si vcirgd gofchb`gs b agdtcdubr agdbquiffg qui istbob btb`g b ud prisupuistg y qui dg eui ìsbrlb`g id fgslisis ìf hgocirdg Erbdag. Idtri isbs agsbs istbob if scstilb ì iqucpgs ìsbfu` eblcfcbr, qui euirgd ud cdtidtg ixctgsg ì ixtidìr fb agoirturb ì fgssirvcacgs ìf Lcdcstircg ì Qbfu` ôfcab y Ocidistbr Qgacbf (LQÔQ) b tirrctg-rcgs `gdì dudab bdtis mbob ffihb`g if Istb`g.

Istbs udc`bìs, budqui bd istbobd id udb itbpb cdacpcidti ì su ìsbrrg-ffg, si cdstbfbrgd schucid`g arctircgs ì ìschubf`b` y pgorizb y bfabdzbrgd bpgofbacgdis ardcablidti ixafuc`bs. Bf prgyiatg fi ebft fb agdtcduc`b` di-aisbrcb pbrb qui si`clidti fb cìb i qui fb btidacd prclbrcb ioi sir if ikivirtiorb`gr ìf scstilb ì sbfu`. Mgy, dg ixcsti id if Lcdcstircg ì Qbfu` dc fbfgsgeb pgftcab dc fb pratcab aglg pbrb pgìr ffivbrfg bìfbdti. Fbs pgftcabsì abfc`b` ì vc`b tidbd pcfbris aglg fb udcvirsbfc`b`, fb iquc`b`, fb cdtihrb-fc`b` y fb pbrtcacpbacd agludctbrcb prgtbhdcab, tilbs qui ìsbpbriacirgdì fb bhid`b ìf batubf hgocirdg.

Ydb ì sus prclirbs li`c`bs eui if agrti ìf hbstg sgacbf id if ^risupuistgHidirbf i fb Dbacd. If lcdcstrg i Qbfu` mbob prisidtb`g id if ^brfblidtgud riagrti ìf 29%, fg qui ìkbob lidgs `cspgdcocfc`b` qui if tiamg dbd-acirg ìf qui si `cspgdb id ?>2?. Agd istg, irb clpidsbofi `br agdtcduc`b`b fbs pgftcabs ì udcvirsbfc`b` cdcacb`bs id ?>>=. Fbs lgvcfczbacgdis y fgsagludcab`gs b fb gpcdcd pofcab ì fgs trbobkb`gris y trbobkb`grbs ì fbsbfu` fghrbrgd `cslcducr id bfhg if clpbatg ì isi riagrti budqui, ì tg`gslg`gs, dg ixcstcirgd li`cgs pbrb cdstbfbr dc udb sgfb udc`b` ì btidacdprclbrcb duivb, agd fg qui pirscsti ud àct ì bf lidgs lcf udc`bìs. Fbftclb udc`b` si cdstbf id ?>2?. Isg schdcab prcvbr ì isb istrbtihcb iabzb udgs 1 lcffgdis ls ì pirsgdbs. Bff rb`cab fb sidsbacd ì ìtircgrg ìfscstilb ì sbfu`.

Id if rib iùabtcvb fb sctubacd eui obstbdti ls grìdb`b, budqui istbitbpb cdcacbf istuvg clprihdb`b ì agd catgs scd`cabfis y udb sctubacdhidirbf ì priabrci`b`. Id hidirbf, euirgd fbs `cauftbìs prisupuistbrcbsfgs lbygris gostaufgs qui ideridtbrgd fbs butgrc`bìs ìf Lcdcstircg ìIùabacd y Aufturb (LIA), pbrb fghrbr udb lbygr iacidacb b`lcdcstrbtcvb.^brbhuby tcidi ud hbstg pir apctb id iùabacd agdscìrbofilidti lidgrbf prgli`cg ì Blrcab Fbtcdb y if Abrcoi y agd udb tidìdacb bf bulidtgì fb oriamb agd fgs ìls pbsis ì fb rihcd. ^brbhuby diaisctb bf lidgs

ùpfcabr fb cdvirscd id iùabacd pbrb pgìr likgrbr fbs agd`cacgdis ì susisauifbs y agfihcgs. Istg `ceacflidti gaurrcr ùrbdti if hgocirdg Abrtis.


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Yd cdtidtg ì pbfcbr istbs priabrci`bìs eui if Egdbacì (Egd`g Dbacgdbfì Cdvirscd ôfcab y @isbrrgffg), qui bschdb riaursgs gotidc`gs ì fb agl-pidsbacd pgr aiscd ì idirhb. Fb utcfczbacd ì istgs egd`gs pgr pbrtiì fgs ludcacpcgs y hgoirdbacgdis `cg grchid b udb clpriscgdbdti sirci ìcrrihufbrc`bìs y lbfvirsbacgdis, fg qui clpc`c ffihbr b fgs risuftb`gs ispi-rb`gs. Isti erbabsg si ìoc b fb clpgscacd ì ud prgyiatg qui tidb ouidbscdtidacgdis pirg eui cdsuacidtilidti li`ctb`g id su ikiauacd, fg quiìoi cdtirpifbrdgs sgori fb ribfc`b` ì fb histcd fgabf y su brtcaufbacd agdfb b`lcdcstrbacd aidtrbf.

If loctg ilprisbrcbf puiì lbdceistbr bfhudbs quikbs rispiatg bf hgocirdgì Abrtis, pirg dg is db`b, dc pgr bprgxclbacd, b fb vcrufidtb mgstcfc`b` quilgstrbrgd eridti bf hgocirdg ì Fuhg. Abrtis is ud aglpcdami ìf lcslgpbfg, agd if qui puiì sir `ceacf `cbfghbr pgr lglidtgs, pirg qui hgzb ì fbagdbdzb ì fb afbsi.

Abrtis dg si rifbacgdb ocid agd fgs scd`cabtgs. @i miamg, dg ixcstid id dcdhu-db ì sus ilprisbs. Is scdtgltcag qui istgs fghrbrbd mbair obkg if hgocirdgAbrtis fb prclirb muifhb dbacgdbf ìsì 2330, budqui istg dg schdcqui quisi mbyb fghrb`g ud `cdblcslg sgacbf luamg lbygr qui id fgs bgs bdtircgris.Muog prgtistbs siatgrcbfis ì l`cags, iùab`gris y bfhudgs gtrgs scd`cab-tgs qui euirgd pgag brtcaufb`bs pirg qui ivcìdacbd qui si puiì `csibr udisaidbrcg ls batcvg. Pcidid ideridti b ud hgocirdg qui, aglg dcdhd gtrgìsagdgai, dcdhudib, fgs riafblgs sgacbfis. Fbs grhbdczbacgdis ablpiscdbsschuid erbaacgdb`bs pirg tblpgag tcidid gtrb bftirdbtcvb qui sbfcr b fbs abffisy rutbs bdti ud hgocirdg bocirtblidti b ebvgr if fbtceud`cg bhrgixpgrtb`gr.

Fg qui dg puiì gauftbrsi is fb prgeud`b arcscs pgr fb qui pbsbd fgs lgvc-lcidtgs sgacbfis, cdabpbais ì grhbdczbrsi y agdvirtcrsi id sukitgs sgacb-fis prgtbhdcags. Fb bpbrcacd lbscvb ì udcvirsc`bìs tirlcd ì obrrir fb

euirzb ì priscd ìf istu`cbdtb`g udcvirsctbrcg. Qcd ilobrhg, pgr euirb ìfbs grhbdczbacgdis ouffid, aglg dg gaurrb id luamgs bgs, fbs prgtistbs,fgs isarbamis y fgs ìobtis ì udb sgaci`b` qui dg si vi riprisidtb`b pgrfbs cdstctuacgdis trb`cacgdbfis. Is clpgscofi bsivirbr mbacb `gdì si lgviristi lbf mulgr sgacbf.

If bg pbrfblidtbrcg; udb gpgscacd cdvcscofi

Qc ocid db`ci ist ìf tg`g agdegrli agd fgs risuftb`gs qui luistrb istihgocirdg, tblpgag mby udb gpgscacd qui fg agdergdti agd sus erbabsgs. Fbsvgais y brtcaufbacgdis id agdtrb sgd tbd crrifivbdtis, tbd riùac`bs, qui pui-


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ì mbofbrsi ì fb cdixcstidacb ì gpgscacd. Yd bspiatg afbvi ì istb bsi-virbacd rb`cab id fb alg`b lbygrb agd fb qui auidtb Abrtis id blobsAlbrbs ìf Agdhrisg. Is bff `gdì si luivi agd lbygr ebacfc`b`. If mboc-tubf rgf gpgsctgr ikirac`g pgr if Agdhrisg si lcdclcz ìoc`g b fb pgscacdvidtbkgsb ì fb Bsgacbacd Dbacgdbf _ipuofcabdb (BD_-^brtc`g Agfgrb`g) bfagdtbr agd 01 `cputb`gs y 23 sidb`gris. Isb lbygrb fi pirlcti aggptbr pgrfb vb ì fb hidirgsc`b` pgftcab b pbrti ìf ^brtc`g Fcoirbf _b`cabf Butdtcag(^F_B), geriacid`g abrhgs ì rifivbdacb id fbs lisbs `criatcvbs ìf Agdhri-sg. If scilpri dihb`g pirg vchidti pbatg bzufhrbdb, schuc eudacgdbd`g bfg fbrhg ìf ?>20. îsi b bfhudbs `csagr`bdacbs prgvidcidtis ì fb udcd ìpiquibs obdab`bs, if ^brfblidtg bpruiob scd lbygr `cauftb` fbs risgfu-acgdis qui clpgrtbd bf hgocirdg.

Qc Abrtis agdschui id if Agdhrisg udb trbdqucfb hgoirdbocfc`b`, fbs agsbs dgsgd tbd eacfis bf cdtircgr ì su prgpcg pbrtc`g. Fb fuamb pgftcab ls cdtidsbsi `b id udb erbhlidtb`b BD_, `gdì fgs ideridtblcidtgs pgabs viais sb-fid b fb fuz pofcab, pirg tirlcdbd scid`g fbs lbygris trbobs pbrb hgoirdbr.Abrtis lbdtcidi ud stbtus qug ai`cid`g, ì tcilpg id tcilpg, b fbs priscg-dis afcidtifbris ì fgs `crchidtis pbrtc`brcgs ls rivgftgsgs. Qcd ilobrhg,fb lbsb pbrtc`brcb dg scidti qui if pbrtc`g ist id if pgìr, tbf aglg istbobbagstulorb`b.

Fgs absgs ì agrrupacd qui cdvgfuarbrgd b pgftcags agfgrb`gs agdgac`gs yqui euirgd blpfcblidti vidtcfb`gs pgr fb pridsb, fi `cirgd bf priscìdti fbgpgrtudc`b` ì egrtbfiairsi bf bpgybr pgftcabs ì trbdspbridacb cdegrlbtcvbqui fg puscirgd id acirtb scdtgdb agd fb cd`chdbacd pgpufbr y ìk scd brhu-lidtgs b fb `crchidacb pbrtc`brcb trb`cacgdbf.

If ^F_B agdtcdb id udb prgeud`b y prgfghb`b arcscs. Fuihg ì fb ìrrgtb ìf?>21 dg lgstr abpbac`b` ì riaupirbacd y mb pir`c`g fb agdvcaacd ì

vgfvir bf pgìr. Dg si vcsfulorbd fcìrbzhgs duivgs y sus lgvclcidtgs cdtir-dgs si mbd vuiftg ls prioid`brcgs y agdsirvb`gris qui fgs agfgrb`gs. Qchuiy sihucr scid`g pgr bmgrb, if sihud`g hrbd pbrtc`g ì fb pgftcab pbrbhubyb.Is qui dc puiì hbdbrfi pgr s sgfg b fb BD_, dc is eacflidti bfabdzbofi pgr ifristg ì fbs euirzbs pgftcabs.

Fgs pbrtc`gs ì czqucir`b usbrgd sus isabgs pbrfblidtbrcgs agd agrriaacdy gpbac`b` pgr pbrtis chubfis. Fbs obdab`bs ìf Eridti Hubsu y Bvbdzb ^bssi idagdtrbrgd id if Agdhrisg agd fb `csyudtcvb ì dg mbair bfcbdzb agd fgs

hgfpcstbs g bcsfbrsi aglpfitblidti y pbrbfczbr su baacgdbr pbrfblidtbrcg.Idtri qui`brsi idgkb`gs pbrb scilpri y dg mbofbr agd db`ci g sir prbhl-tcags, prcl fb rbacgdbfc`b` ì fb eudacd pbrfblidtbrcb. Qgfg qui id luamgs


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lbs ì fgs lcdcstrgs ì fb Agrti. Eui, scd ilobrhg, if istriliaclcidtg sgacbfprgùac`g pgr if bsiscdbtg ìf pircg`cstb ^bofg Li`cdb id Auruhubty fg quiagfga b fb dbragpgftcab id fb bhid`b ì li`cgs, gpcdcd pofcab y pbrtc`gs.

Fb vcdaufbacd ìf dbragtrag agd pbrfblidtbrcgs irb sgspiamb`b ìsìmbai bgs y fbs rivifbacgdis pgstircgris bf mglcac`cg dg mcacirgd ls quiagdrlbrfbs. îrg fbs agdixcgdis agd bfhd lcdcstrg ì fb Agrti euirgd ì-lbscb`g, cdafusg pbrb udb sgaci`b` cd`gfidti aglg fb duistrb.

Fgs pbrtc`gs pgftcags trb`cacgdbfis, sbfpcab`gs pgr fbs ìdudacbs ì fb dbrag-pgftcab, si bprisurbrgd id cdcacbr dihgacbacgdis pbrb ud ablocg i lcdcstrgsqui scd ù`bs si ribfczbr bdtis qui tirlcdi if bg g id fgs prclirgs lisisìf prxclg. Istgs ablocgs puiìd sir udb gpgrtudc`b` pbrb if cdcacg ìudb riegrlb ìf ^gìr Ku`cacbf, pirg dg puiìd qui`br id fbs lbdgs ixafu-scvbs ì fgs pbrtc`gs pgftcags, puis istgs ripitcrd if diebstg isquilb ìfaugtig. Fbs grhbdczbacgdis i iriamgs mulbdgs y fb sgaci`b` tg`b ioidpbrtcacpbr ìf prgaisg ixchcid`g fb ifiaacd ì pirsgdbs prgobs y mgdistbsid fb lxclb cdstbdacb ku`cacbf.

B fg fbrhg ìf bg, fb ebrsb ìf kucacg b fgs ablpiscdgs y ablpiscdbs prisbsfuihg ì fb lbsbari ì Auruhubty prgschuc abdscdblidti scd qui ixcstb iflidgr btcsog ì udb cdvistchbacd sircb. Fuihg ì udb prgfgdhb`b muifhb ìmblori, qui agdt agd clpgrtbdti bpgyg acu`b`bdg, fgs ablpiscdgs prisgs,ixaiptg udg, fghrbrgd su prcscd `glcacfcbrcb.

Fb pgflcab qui hgfpi b fb Chfiscb

Fb Chfiscb Abtfcab vcvc isti bg su arcscs ls clpgrtbdti ìsì fb arctcab`bbatubacd ì sus gocspgs ùrbdti fb arcscs ì kudcg ì ?>2?. Fbs bausbacgdis

ì mglgsixubfc`b` ìf gocspg ì fb `caiscs ì Acu`b` ìf Isti, _ghifcg Fc-vciris ^fbdg, b su pbr, ^bstgr Auquikg `cirgd cdcacg b udb pgflcab li`ctcabqui vgfvc b pgdir id ivcìdacb udb sirci ì lbfgs lbdikgs b`lcdcstrbtcvgsy prgtiaacd b sbair`gtis bausb`gs ì pi`gfcb y ì arlidis ì ripriscdpgftcab pgr pbrti ìf prclirg.

Id li`cg ì udb dgvifb li`ctcab qui mirb fb butgrc`b` lgrbf ì fb Chfiscb,if Ubtcabdg ìac`c cdtirvidcr y blogs gocspgs euirgd gofchb`gs b ridudacbr.Fb `ceiridacb istuvg id qui Auquikg fg mczg agd fb dbturbfc`b` qui fi `bob su

airabdb kuocfbacd y Fcvciris ^fbdg eui ffblb`g b _glb `gdì btcz if euihgagd euirtis iafbrbacgdis i prgtistb. Ecdbflidti, tuvg qui ikbr su caiscsscd qui si prgùkirb if bdudacb`g acslb qui prgdgstcabobd sus sihuc`gris.


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Qu sbfc`b pgag ifihbdti ì fb kirbrqub iafiscbf, eui if hgfpi ls ùrg quisuerc if siatgr uftrbìriamcstb i fb prcdacpbf agdeiscd rifchcgsb if pbs. Isgdg schdcab, ilpirg, ud bvbdai ì fbs cìbs ls prghriscstbs, puis isb isudb ì fbs busidacbs ls sidtc`bs ì fb Chfiscb pbrbhubyb, bhgocb`b pgr udlbygrctbrcg pidsblcidtg agdsirvb`gr. Id fb lcslb pgab tblocd si `bobfb ridudacb ìf gocspg ì Lcscgdis, Lbrcg Lifbdcg Li`cdb, pgr mboir bfabd-zb`g fb i`b` ì fb kuocfbacd. Li`cdb eui ud gocspg fbrhblidti vcdaufb`g bfb ìeidsb ì fgs ìriamgs mulbdgs.

Agdtixtg cdtirdbacgdbf; b agdtrblbdg ìf Agdg Qur

@isì fb bsudacd ì Abrtis fb sctubacd cdtirdbacgdbf ìf ^brbhuby mb sc`grb`cabflidti `cstcdtb b fb ìf hgocirdg ì Erbdag. Fgs pbsis ìf Liragsur,qui rispitbrgd b rbkbtbofb if bauir`g ì dg `cbfghbr agd ud priscìdti hgf-pcstb, istbobd gofchb`gs b cdtihrbrsi b udg surhc`g ì ifiaacgdis fihtclbs.Isb dgrlbfczbacd ì fbs rifbacgdis dg gauftb, scd ilobrhg, fb agdstbtbacdì qui if ^brbhuby agdstctuyi fb ixaipacd agdsirvb`grb id udb rihcd, fb ifAgdg Qur fbtcdgblircabdg, qui trbs fbs riacidtis ifiaacgdis id vbrcgs ì suspbsis, schui lgvcd`gsi id ofgqui mbab gpacgdis cìgfhcabs prghriscstbsg ì aidtrgczqucir`b. Istbs `ceiridacbs pgftcabs si ivcìdacbd id fb pratcab

id if debscs qui ab`b pbs gtgrhb b sus pgftcabs sgacbfis y bf aglobti b fbpgorizb. Id blogs ruorgs duistrg pbs ist luy rizbhb`g agd rispiatg bsus viacdgs.

Yd ipcsg`cg ìk bf ìsauocirtg fb clprgvcsbacd y fbs agdtrb`caacgdis ìduistrb pgftcab ixtircgr. Fb Bsblofib Hidirbf ì fb Grhbdczbacd ì fgs Is-tb`gs Blircabdgs (GIB) si mczg id Bsudacd pgr udb risgfuacd tglb`bùrbdti if hgocirdg ì Erbdag. Id isi lglidtg if hgocirdg tidb ud cdti-rs idgrli ì sir baiptb`g pgr fb agludc`b` cdtirdbacgdbf y fb bprgobacd

ì fb siì eui eistikb`b aglg udg ì fgs islcrrcb`gs fghrgs ì fb pgftcabixtircgr. ^brbhuby ìob ifihcr if tilb aidtrbf y id isg eui ìsbegrtudb`g;@isbrrgffg agd cdafuscd sgacbf. Qi ìlgstr qui duistrb Abdacffirb ìs-agdgab fg qui schdcab cdafuscd. ^grqui eui duistrg pbs if qui prgpusgif tilb y fuihg mczg bfhg clprisidtbofi cdtirdbacgdbflidti; aubd`g siprisidt fb risgfuacd rieiridti b ìriamgs mulbdgs, grcidtbacd sixubfi cìdtc`b` ì hdirg, y scid`g clpgscofi dg ecrlbr, sgfcact qui b pci ìphcdb si ixpfcacti fb risirvb ìf Istb`g pbrbhubyg id rifbacd bf tixtg ìfb lidacgdb`b risgfuacd1. Isb eui fb auflcdbacd ì udb ixtrbb riudcd

1 @iafbrbacgdis y risgfuacgdis bprgob`bs pgr fb Bsblofib Hidirbf ì fb GIB, id su aub`rbhsclg aubrtg pi-rg`g gr`cdbrcg i siscgdis, cspgdcofis id; sal.gbs.grh/pès/?>20/BH>5993Q>0.`ga


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id fb qui hrupgs abtfcags agdsirvb`gris bhctbobd pbdabrtbs bdtcbogrtg y fb^gfcab riprclb b pircg`cstbs y batcvcstbs ì ud hrupg pgr fgs ìriamgs FHPO.

Agdafuscd

Dg mby luamg qui eistikbr id fb prclirb itbpb if hgocirdg Abrtis. Qc si agd-scìrb qui eui ud bg dg ifiatgrbf y qui tuvg agd`cacgdis cdlikgrbofis ìhgoirdbocfc`b`, si tcidi fb sidsbacd ì gpgrtudc`b` ìspir`cacb`b, absc ìbg pir`c`g. Yd bg id if qui fbs grhbdczbacgdis ì ìriamgs mulbdgs eui-rgd vcstbs agd cdqucdb ìsì if hgocirdg. Fbs qui suoscstbd id fb istruaturbistbtbf euirgd ìocfctb`bs y fbs ì fb sgaci`b` acvcf mgstcfczb`bs. Pg`g istgistbob prisupuistb`g id fbs pri`caacgdis cdcacbfis ìf duivg rulog. Fg quidg istbob id fgs afaufgs is qui isti euirb tbd ùoctbtcvg y idchltcag.


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MBACB YD @IQB__GFFG MYLBDG S QGQPIDCOFI7

B -

Id if prclir bg ì hgocirdg, if ^fbd ì Hgocirdg ?>21 ?>2= schui`cvc`cid`g fbs bhubs idtri fgs siatgris qui fg bpgybd y qucirid vir quvidtbkbs geriai, y bquiffgs qui fg riambzbd pgr prgvidcr ì fb pgftcabiagdlcab digfcoirbf prgtbhgdczb`b pgr if siatgr prcvb`g y fb cdvir-

scd ixtrbdkirb. Iffb supgdi, pgr pbrti ìf Istb`g, if bobd`gdg ìf rgfprglgtgr y ikiautgr ì fbs pgftcabs pofcabs qui bpudtid bf ìsbrrgffg

cdtihrbf sgstidcofi7 Fb rispuistb gacbf is dihbtcvb, pirg fb lbygr pbrtc-acpbacd ì fbs ilprisbs prcvb`bs id fb pfbdcabacd y ikiauacd ì fbscdvirscgdis id if ablpg ì fb cdtirvidacd pofcab, agd dbdacblcidtg

pofcag, hidirb if ariacidti rgf dbdacstb ìf Istb`g.^gr gtrg fb`g, if ifivb`g ariaclcidtg ìf ^CO id ?>21, sihuc`g pgr gtrgluamg lidgr id if prisidti bg, schuc su pbtrd ì riprgùaacd id

ud agdtixtg rihcgdbf y lud`cbf ì lbygr cdairtcùlori.If bvbdai ls clpgrtbdti mb sc`g fb prglufhbacd ì fbs fiyis qui, pgrud fb`g, gofchbd bf Istb`g b fb prgvcscd ì fb cdegrlbacd pofcab id fgs

sctcgs wio cdstctuacgdbfis y, pgr gtrg, b hbrbdtczbr b fb acu`b`bdb if baai-sg b fb cdegrlbacd pofcab, id fb pirspiatcvb ìf lbygr cdvgfuarblcidtgy agdtrgf ì fb sgaci`b` mbacb fb agsb pofcab.

Pblocd is pgsctcvb fb rimbocfctbacd y pbrtcacpbacd pfidb if Hgocirdgdbacgdbf id fbs cdstbdacbs i cdtihrbacd rihcgdbf. Bsclcslg, fb bpirturb bf`cfghg y bf cdtirablocg agd fb _ipofcab gpufbr i Amcdb, y su prgobofi

ieiatg pgsctcvg pbrb fbs dihgacbacgdis if ofgqui Liragsur agd camgpbs, trudab`bs pgr fb cdtihrbacd ixafuyidti ìf ^brbhuby agd Pbcwd. Idtbdtg, fb ridihgacbacd ìf Prbtb`g ì Sbayrit, b sus 0> bgs ì vchidacb,agd if Hgocirdg brhidtcdg, dg mb sc`g trbdspbridtb`b, pgr fg qui si pfbd-

tib if riafblg agrrispgd`cidti i cdegrlbacd bf Hgocirdg pbrbhubyg.Fcfb Lgfcdcir

P


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If prclir bg ì hgocirdg

Fgs risuftb`gs iagdlcags ìf bg ?>21, agd ud ragr` ì ariaclcidtg ìf20,?%, egrlbd pbrti ì fb pfbtbegrlb ìsì fb aubf if duivg Hgocirdg fbdzbsu pgftcab ì lbygr btrbaacd ì cdvirscd ixtrbdkirb, prgpgdcid`g qui fgsagdscìrbofis btrbsgs id fb cderbistruaturb iagdlcab y sgacbf, y fb pgftcabtrcoutbrcb cdkustb y rihriscvb qui tcidi if pbs, sgd fbs likgris gpgrtudc`bìspbrb `camb cdvirscd y if rid`clcidtg ìf abpctbf.

Fbs litegrbs utcfczb`bs pgr if priscìdti ì fb _ipofcab id `cambs prisid-tbacgdis ri ikbd agd trbdspbridacb fgs prisupuistgs id fgs qui si sustidtb ifprgyiatg qui prgluivi, bsgacb`gs agd fb boud`bdacb ì riaursgs dbturbfis,idirhb ifatrcab y euirzb ì trbobkg, agstgs sgacbfis obkgs y udb pgftcab ìobkgs clpuistgs, qui istbrbd b fb ispirb ì fb ixpfgtbacd `csariacgdbf pgrpbrti ì fbs ilprisbs ixtrbdkirbs agd riaursgs ì abpctbf, pbrb hidirbr lb-ygr ariaclcidtg iagdlcag, y sus ieiatgs ì hgtig id if rib sgacbf, b trbvsì fb hidirbacd ì ilpfigs y sbfbrcgs. Dg gostbdti, is clpgrtbdti riagr`brqui mb tidc`g udb rispuistb pgsctcvb b fb ablpbb dbacgdbf Dg b _g PcdtgBfabd 2, cdtirrulpcid`g fbs dihgacbacgdis privcstbs pbrb fb cdvirscd ì `c-amb trbdsdbacgdbf id fb prgùaacd ì fcdhgtis ì bfulcdcg bf sur ìf pbs,qui mborbd beiatb`g hrbvilidti fb pgftcab sabf y if li`cg blocidti.

Bf lcslg tcilpg, si mbd ilctc`g y agfgab`g ud lgdtg ariacidti ì ogdgsìf Pisgrg dbacgdbf b dcvif cdtirdg y ixtirdg, schucid`g fb lcslb fdib ìfHgocirdg bdtircgr ì Eiìrcag Erbdag, sgoriidìu`bd`g bf pbs, budqui fgscdhrisgs id agdaiptg ì aglpidsbacd pgr aiscd ì fb idirhb pbrbhubybì Ctbcp bf Orbscf bulidtbrgd agdscìrbofilidti, bs aglg fgs riaursgs ìdbdacblcidtg ixtirdg i fgs grhbdcslgs dbdacirgs i aggpirbacd, riil-ogfsbofi y dg riilogfsbofi (`gdbacgdis).

^gr gtrg fb`g, if riambzg bf prgyiatg digfcoirbf pgr pbrti ì fgs siatgris pg-pufbris lgvcfczb`gs, id pbrtcaufbr ì fb ffblb`b fiy ì Bfcbdzb ôfcag ^rcvb-`b (Fiy B^^), mb sc`g pirlbdidti, y tuvg su lbdceistbacd ls bhu`b agd fbagdvgabtgrcb y ikiauacd ì fb muifhb hidirbf ìf ?5 ì lbrzg pbsb`g, quipfbdti bìls gtrbs ìlbd`bs, clpufsb`bs pgr udb luftcpfcac`b` ì euir-zbs scd`cabfis, sgacbfis, ablpiscdbs y pgftcabs?. If ìsagdtidtg sgacbf si vgf-vc b lbdceistbr if 21 bf 29 ì bhgstg, id if prclir bdcvirsbrcg ì fb pgsiscdìf lbd`g, pbrb lbdtidir if riambzg b fb Fiy B^^ y riafblbr tcirrb pbrb fbs

2 Fgs brhulidtgs pfbdtib`gs pgr fb ablpbb istd ixpuistgs id; Abdisi, _cabr`g: Abdisi, Liraiìs: Qagrzb,Erbdacsag (?>2?)Fb istbeb ì _g Pcdtg Bfad.Bsudacd, Qgaci`b` y @isbrrgffg If glofchg ìf lud`g.? ^brb blpfcbr isti tilb, rilctcrsi b fg ìsarcptg id fgs brtaufgs qui mbofbd ìf ìriamg bf trbobkg id if pri-

sidti cdegrli.


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eblcfcbs y fb kuvidtu` ablpiscdb, y trbobkg pbrb tg`gs y tg`bs, bdti if agdsc-ìrbofi ìocfctblcidtg ì fb riegrlb bhrbrcb, fb pirscstidacb ì fb pgorizb yfb ìschubf`b` sgacbf. Dg gostbdti, fbs istb`stcabs gacbfis `ceud`c`bs id ifprclir silistri rieirbd b ud bulidtg y likgrblcidtg if cdhrisg i tg`gsfgs siatgris y fb riùaacd ìf pgraidtbki prgli`cg ì pgoris y pgoris ix-trilgs id ?>2? y ?>21, tbdtg id fbs zgdbs urobdbs aglg id fbs rurbfis 1.

Gtrb li`cacd sgori fb piraipacd ì fb pgofbacd bairab ì fb histcd ìfprclir bg ì hgocirdg eui fb idauistb riprisidtbtcvb idabrhb`b pgr udb ìfbs riìs prcvb`bs ì agludcabacd lbscvb. Qus risuftb`gs lgstrbrgd quiudb lbygrb ìf 90% riprgobob if prclir bg ì histcd aglg lbfb (10%)y luy lbfb (?>%). Eridti b isti riambzg, qui bulidtbob bf 9=% id if absgì fgs idauistb`gs pgoris y fb pgofbacd kgvid, fb bprgobacd ffih bf 05%,aglg sulb ì fgs qui agdscìrbrgd fb histcd aglg ouidb (01%) y luyouidb (1%). Istb bprgobacd bulidtbob bf 95% idtri fgs dcvifis sgacgiag-dlcags bftgs y fbs pirsgdbs ì fb tirairb i`b`, ì 5> b 80 bgs 0.

Bìls i fbs lbdceistbacgdis id agdtrb if prgyiatg digfcoirbf if Hgocir-dg, gtrg bagdtiaclcidtg clpgrtbdti is fb ariac`b aafcab ì fgs prcdacpbfisrgs y fbs ixaiscvbs ffuvcbs id if prclir silistri ìf prisidti bg: prgvgab-rgd cdud`bacgdis qui beiatbrgd b udbs ?9> lcf pirsgdbs ì fbs zgdbs rcoi-ribs ì tg`g if pbs, agd lbygr clpbatg id if ìpbrtblidtg ì iilouay ^cfbr, su abpctbf: tblocd id Bsudacd, Acu`b` ìf Isti y Bygfbs, id fb rihcdGrcidtbf, y fgs ìpbrtblidtgs ì Bftg ^brbhuby y ^riscìdti Mbyis, id fb ri-hcd Gaacìdtbf, Ambag9. Fb busidacb ìf Istb`g id fb bscstidacb y agdtidacdì fb pgofbacd beiatb`b eui udb agdstbdti. Cdafusg si `cirgd agrtis id fgssulcdcstrgs ì fgs sirvcacgs pofcags, scd pfbdtibr bftirdbtcvbs5. Dg is absubfqui id if lis ì bhgstg tblocd si lbdceistbrbd, b trbvs ì pbrgs isab-fgdb`gs, fgs iqucpgs l`cags y tadcags ì fgs sirvcacgs pofcags ì sbfu`,riafblbd`g if sulcdcstrg ì li`cablidtgs i cdsulgs, bdti fgs ieiatgs ìf

erg y fb muli`b` id fb sbfu` ì fbs eblcfcbs ì Bsudacd y if rib litrgpgfc-tbdb8. îrg fgs ieiatgs ì fbs cdud`bacgdis id if dcvif y abfc`b` ì vc`b ì fb

1 B dis ì ?>21, fb cdacìdacb if dlirg ì pgoris y pgoris ixtrilgs id fbs zgdbs urobdbs mborb pbsb`gì ?0% b 28% y ì 2>% b 9%, rispiatcvblidti, lcidtrbs qui id fbs zgdbs rurbfis, ì 00,=% b 11,=% y ì?3,5% b 28,5%, rispiatcvblidti, eridti bf lcslg pircg`g ì ?>22 (@HIIA Idauistb pirlbdidti ì mghbris?>21. @cspgdcofi id; www.`hiia.hgv.py/puofcabacgdis/idauistbpirlbdidtiìmghbris/prcdacpbfisrisuftb-`gsI^M?>21).

0 ftclb Mgrb, 2> ì bhgstg ?>20, p. ?-1. @cspgdcofi id; www.uftclbmgrb.agl.py9 BOA Agfgr, sirci ì idirg b kudcg ì ?>20. @cspgdcofi id; mttp;//www.boa.agl.py/tilbs/cdud`b-

acgd-id-if-ambag-223.mtlf

5 Grtihb, Kgs Lchuif, sk. (?>20) Fgs obb`gs si cdud`bd, id _ivcstb Baacd D 109. Bsudacd, pp. 0-5. Oidtiz,Abrfgs (?>20) Fgs Obb`gs ì Bsudacd riafblbd sus ìriamgs, id _ivcstb Baacd D 103. Bsudacd, pp. 3-298 BOA Agfgr, ?= ì bhgstg ì ?>20. @cspgdcofi id; mttp;//www.boa.agl.py/i`cacgd-clprisb/i`ctgrcbf/cd`ch-

dbdti-istb`g-ì-fb-sbfu`-puofcab-2?=>?53.mtlf


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pgofbacd rcvirib supirb if agrtg pfbzg, i cdafusg, fbs pri`caacgdis bfuìd bfb prgobocfc`b` ì fb rictirbacd ìf acafg ì ariac`bs idtri `cacilori ?>20 y kufcg ?>29, pgr fg qui mbor qui rivcsbr y supirbr fb clprgvcsbacd agd fb quisi mb ideridtb`g if prgofilb mbstb if lglidtg, bs aglg fb ebftb ì pbrtcac-pbacd ì fb pgofbacd beiatb`b id if bdfcscs ì fbs bftirdbtcvbs ì sgfuacdb fbrhg pfbzg pfbdtib`bs id isti agdtixtg.

^gr gtrb pbrti, dc if duivg lbrag fihbf, dc fb sulcscd ì fb lbygrb pbrfb-lidtbrcb, dc fb agdaidtrbacd ì pgìr qui fbs duivbs dgrlbtcvbs gtgrhbrgdbf Ikiautcvg, si agdaritbrgd id baacgdis agd fb urhidacb qui si clpusg isìif prcdacpcg. If Ikiautcvg y if Fihcsfbtcvg mbd tidc`g qui isauambr y `br bfhu-dbs rispuistbs i cdagrpgrbr bkustis b sus ìacscgdis, fiyis prglufhb`bs y ba-acgdis ribfczb`bs. Ydg i isgs absgs is fb riacidti irghbacd i fgs brtaufgs9 y 2> ì fb Fiy D 9>80/21=, rifbacgdb`gs agd fb lg`cabacd cdtrgùac`b idif rhclid ì gorbs pofcabs, li`cbdti fb aubf euirgd suprclc`gs if usg ì fblg`bfc`b` ì rcishg aglpbrtc`g pofcag-prcvb`b ì fgs egd`gs privcscgdb-fis ìf Cdstctutg ì ^rivcscd Qgacbf (C^Q) y fbs abkbs ì kuocfbacgdis y pidscg-dis gofchbtgrcbs, y ì fb hbrbdtb ì fbs risirvbs lgditbrcbs cdtirdbacgdbfis,cdagrpgrb`bs id fb fiy3.

@i miamg, tbdtg if cdli`cbtcslg ì fgs cdtirisis aglg if babpbrblcidtg ìfgs riaursgs ì dbdacblcidtg b fgs qui si tcidi baaisg sgd `gs rbshgs abrba-tirstcags i fgs hrupgs ilprisbrcbfis y pgftcags fgabfis bpihb`gs b fb ispiau-fbacd, fb agrrupacd y fb clpudc`b`. Qulb`g b tg`g iffg, fb cdistbocfc`b` id fgsiqucpgs ìf Ikiautcvg y fbs baacgdis idtri kufcg ì ?>2? y bhgstg ì ?>20 mbdschdcab`g cdtirrupacgdis y `csagdtcduc`bìs schdcabtcvbs id fb ikiauacd ìfbs pgftcabs pofcabs qui beiatbrgd b fgs `cstcdtgs siatgris ì fb sgaci`b` acvcf.

Fb lgìrdczbacd b`lcdcstrbtcvb-dbdacirb. Fb Auidtb dcab ìf Pisgrg

Qi ìsagdgai fbs rbzgdis ì fb isabsiz ì fb trbdseiridacb ì riaursgs pgrpbrti ìf Lcdcstircg ì Mbacid`b (LM), b fb qui mcacirgd rieiridacb ixpgdid-tis ìf hbocditi lcdcstircbf y ì fbs hgoirdbacgdis id egrlb rictirb`b, `b`gif eudacgdblcidtg ìf duivg _hclid ì Auidtb dcab ìf Pisgrg y ì fgsPtufgs ì fb @iu`b ôfcab (AYP), bocirtb id if Obdag Aidtrbf ìf ^brbhuby(OA^) y b`lcdcstrb`b pgr fb @criaacd Hidirbf ìf Pisgrg, b pbrtcr ì fb ikiau-acd ìf ^risupuistg Hidirbf ì fb Dbacd (^HD) ?>20.

= Fiy D 9>80 ìf ?1 i gatuori ì ?>21 Rui lg`cab y blpfb fb Fiy D 21>?/3= Rui istbofiai lg`bfc`bìs yagd`cacgdis ispiacbfis y aglpfilidtbrcbs b fb Fiy D 2>09/=1 Rui istbofiai if rhclid ì gorbs pofcabs.3 ftclb Mgrb, ?5 ì sitcilori ì ?>20. @cspgdcofi id; mttp;//l.uftclbmgrb.agl/fb-ablbrb-sidb`g-

ris-bpruiob-ìrghbr-if-usg-egd`gs-kuocfbtgrcgs-d=1129=.mtlf


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Fgs gokitcvgs i fb auidtb dcab sgd; (c) b`lcdcstrbr id egrlb grìdb`b y trbds-pbridti fb fcqucìz ìf Pisgrg ôfcag (P^): (cc) egrtbfiair fbs abpbac`bìs ìprghrblbacd dbdacirb, b`lcdcstrbacd ì egd`gs y histcd ì abkb id brtc-aufbacd agd fb ikiauacd prisupuistbrcb: (ccc) gptclczbr fb prgùatcvc`b` i fgsriaursgs ìf P^, hidirbd`g cdegrlbacd gpgrtudb y agdbofi pbrb fb tglb ììacscgdis qui beiatid b fb pgftcab sabf: (cv) riùacr fgs agstgs ì fb trbds-eiridacb ì egd`gs cdtir-auidtbs, suprclcid`g su trbsfb`g escag, li`cbdti ifduivg lgìfg ì histcd, y (v) egrtbfiair fb b`lcdcstrbacd ì fgs egd`gs ìfbs cdstctuacgdis ìf Istb`g, li`cbdti if baaisg b agdsuftbs ì sbf`gs y lgvc-lcidtgs ì tg`bs fbs auidtbs cdtihrb`bs b fb AYP, pgr fgs grhbdcslgs ì agl-pitidtis y ì agdtrgf 2>. Id fgs miamgs, fb AYP pirlcti bf LM if usg tilpgrbf ìegd`gs ì udb auidtb b gtrb, y fb ripgscacd cdli`cbtb b trbvs ì gtrbs auid-tbs agd `cspgdcocfc`b` tilpgrbf, id ispirb ì fgs cdhrisgs agrrispgd`cidtis,privcstgs pgr if prisupuistg ì ab`b cdstctuacd pofcab cdtihrb`b bf scstilb.Fb AYP dg tid`rb fb pgscocfc`b` ì ristbr g ìsvcbr fbs bschdbacgdis y `cspgdc-ocfc`bìs ì fbs cdstctuacgdis pofcabs ìf scstilb, bf tidir privcstg, li`cbdtifb pfbtbegrlb tiadgfhcab arib`b pbrb if Qcstilb i Auidtb dcab (QAY) idtrgìf Qcstilb i B`lcdcstrbacd Ecdbdacirb (QCBE) ixcstidti, lbdtidir fgs rihcs-trgs, fb cdegrlbacd pirtcdidti y if scstilb i sihurc`b` cdbftirb`g pbrb tg`bsfbs cdstctuacgdis y fgs rispgdsbofis ìf lbdikg ì `cambs auidtbs.

Budqui risufti cdtirisbdti fb cdtihrbacd y if lbdikg hfgobf ì fb AYP, i tg-`gs fgs riaursgs `cspgdcofis sihd euidtis cdtirdbs y ixtirdbs, dg sirb rbrgqui if duivg rhclid ist sulbd`g duivbs tidscgdis b fbs ixcstidtis id iflbdikg ì fgs riaursgs cdstctuacgdbfis, aglg sir, ud grìd ì prcgrc`bìsistbofiac`g pgr if LM, b sir auocirtg agd fgs riaursgs `cspgdcofis, y su ieiatgì fcstb ì ispirb pbrb fgs ìls, b pisbr ì fbs ripgscacgdis cdli`cbtbsprivcstbs. Id gtrbs pbfborbs, fb AYP prisidtb fgs rcishgs ì ocacafitig pgriqucpgs ixtirdgs bf i fbs `criaacgdis hidirbfis b`lcdcstrbtcvbs i ab`b cds-tctuacd istbtbf. Fgs rcishgs ì ìsebsi sgori fb `cspgdcocfc`b` y fcqucìz ì

fgs riaursgs ì ripgscacd id egrlb gpgrtudb pg`rbd sir lbygris id ifagdtixtg batubf bdti fb priscd qui ikirai if pbhg silistrbf ì fgs cdtirisissgori fgs ogdgs sgoirbdgs.

2> Fiy D 9>38/21 Rui `cspgdi li`c`bs ì lgìrdczbacd ì fb b`lcdcstrbacd dbdacirb ìf Istb`g y istbofi-ai if rhclid ì auidtb dcab y ì fgs ttufgs ì ìu`b ìf Pisgrg ôfcag: rihfblidtb`b pgr if ìaritg D=9?/20. @cspgdcofi id; www.scfpy.hgv.py y www.priscìdacb.hgv.py


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Fgs liabdcslgs ì trbdspbridacb y fbs prcgrc`bìs qui pfbdtib fbhidti bf Hgocirdg batubf

Prbs ud fbrhg prgaisg ì sidscocfczbacd y ifbogrbacd ì fgs liabdcslgs

ì trbdspbridacb ì fb cdegrlbacd pofcab, baaiscofi b fb pgofbacd pbrbebacfctbr su pbrtcacpbacd y agdtrgf sgori fb b`lcdcstrbacd ìf Istb`g y ìfb agsb pofcab, fbs grhbdczbacgdis ì fb sgaci`b` acvcf fghrbrgd fb sbdacd yprglufhbacd ì `gs fiyis id `camb `criaacd, aglprglitcid`g b fgs trispgìris y loctgs ìf Istb`g b su cdstctuacgdbfczbacd aglg pgftcab pofc-ab; (c) fb Fiy D 92=3/2022 qui gofchb b fb prgvcscd ì fb cdegrlbacd sgori ifusg ì riaursgs pofcags sgori riludirbacgdis y gtrbs ritrcouacgdis bschdb-`bs bf eudacgdbrcb`g pofcag, y qui idtr id vchidacb pfidb id kufcg, 5> `bsìspus ì su prglufhbacd y puofcabacd, y (cc) fb Fiy D 9?=?/20 @i fcoribaaisg acu`b`bdg b fb cdegrlbacd pofcab y trbdspbridacb huoirdblidtbf,qui idtrbr b rihcr ìsì ?>29, qui rihfblidtb if brt. ?= ì fb AgdstctuacdDbacgdbf b d i hbrbdtczbr b tg`bs fbs pirsgdbs if ieiatcvg iriamg bf baaisgb fb cdegrlbacd pofcab.

Qi agdscìrb ì luamb clpgrtbdacb isti liabdcslg ì trbdspbridacb y agdtrgfì fb cdegrlbacd pofcab sgori if Istb`g, fb `cspgdcocfc`b` y if usg ì fgs riaur-sgs, y fb rieiridacb b fbs pgftcabs pofcabs id egrlb pirlbdidti y batubfczb`b,aglg lbd`b fb Fiy D 92=3/20, pgr fg qui aboi qui fb acu`b`bdb, fbs grhbdczb-acgdis sgacbfis, pgftcabs, aufturbfis, iùabtcvbs y ì cdvistchbacd sgacbf mbhbdusg bìaub`g y rispgdsbofi i fb cdegrlbacd i cdtirs, puis ist vcstg qui fgsrhbdgs ì agdtrgf istbofiac`gs b dcvif dbacgdbf, aglg if Agdhrisg Dbacgdbf, fbAgdtrbfgrb Hidirbf ì fb _ipofcab, bs aglg fbs kudtbs ìpbrtblidtbfis y lu-dcacpbfis, dg auorid fbs ixpiatbtcvbs hidirb`bs pgr if bfabdai ì sus eudacgdisy btrcouacgdis, istbofiac`bs id fbs dgrlbtcvbs dbacgdbfis. Idtri tbdtg, fb agrrup-acd y fb clpudc`b` bulidtbd, abusbd bg, y rieuirzbd fb ischubf`b` ixcstid-ti bf ìsvcbr y ristbr fgs riaursgs pofcags y fbs baacgdis qui ìoid oidiacbr b

fb pgofbacd b fb qui istd grcidtb`bs. Id isi sidtc`g, risuftbd cdsuacidtis ifsihuclcidtg y ku`cacbfczbacd ì fgs absgs ilofiltcags sifiaacgdb`gs.

Bdti if ìsagdtidtg hidirbf ìsidabìdb`g pgr fb puofcabacd ì fgs cd-`cacgs ì agrrupacd i clpudc`b` id fb b`lcdcstrbacd ì fb agsb pofcab,y if cdcacg ìf sihud`g bg ì histcd ìf batubf hgocirdg, fb grhbdczbacd@iac`blgs 2? fbdz udb agdsuftb sgori fbs prcgrc`bìs qui if Hgocirdg batubf

22 Fiy D 92=3 ìf ?> ì lbyg i ?>20 Rui istbofiai fb gofchbtgrci`b` ì fb prgvcscd ì cdegrlbacgdis id ifusg ì fgs riaursgs pofcags sgori riludirbacgdis y gtrbs ritrcouacgdis bschdb`bs bf sirvc`gr pofcag ì fb_ipofcab ìf ^brbhuby.

2? @iac`blgs. Ablpbb pgr fb Ixpriscd Acu`b`bdb ribfczb agdsuftbs pirc`cabs sgori `cvirsgs tilbs ì cd-tirs b cdtihrbdtis ì fb _i` Acu`b`bdb pgr fb @ilgarbacb y fgs @iriamgs Mulbdgs. @cspgdcofi id; mttps;// riàcu`b`bdbpbrbhuby.wgr`priss.agl/


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ìoi agdscìrbr pbrb ?>29. Fgs risuftb`gs euirgd; bulidtbr fb cdvirscd sg-acbf (82%), agdtcdubr agd fb bpfcabacd ì fgs liabdcslgs ì trbdspbridacb(?0%) y fclctbr fb bpfcabacd ì fb fiy ì Bfcbdzb ôfcag-^rcvb`b (9%)21.

If ariaclcidtg iagdlcag batubf y sus agd`cacgdis ì riprgùaacd

Fb agyudturb cdtirbdubf ?>21-?>20 is ì ud ariaclcidtg ribf ifivb`g ìfprgùatg cdtirdg orutg (^CO) ì 20,?%, if lbygr rihcstrb`g id fb mcstgrcb iag-dlcab agdtilpgrdib, y is sihuc`g id if prisidti bg pgr ud ariaclcidtgluamg lidgr, istclb`g id 0%, agd fg aubf si rictirb fb sctubacd vcvc`b id ifpircg`g ?>2>-?>22. If ^CO pgr mboctbdti schui fb lcslb tidìdacb (Hrag 2y ?). Fb cd bacd tblocd ariac, id pbrtcaufbr id fgs ruorgs bfclidtcacgs y fgssirvcacgs, id lrhidis ì ls ìf 9% y 8% cdtirbdubf 20.

Agd if bulidtg ìf ^CO si lbdtcidi fb tidìdacb ì cdarilidtg cdcacb`b id?>>0, rifbacgdb`b agd if ariaclcidtg ì fbs hrbdìs iagdglbs ilirhidtis(Amcdb, _uscb, Cd`cb, Orbscf) y su ìlbd`b ì clpgrtbacgdis ì lbtircbs prclbsy bfclidtgs: fb arcscs dbdacirb i Istb`gs Ydc`gs y fgs pbsis iurgpigs (?>>8-?>>3), y sus ieiatgs id fb ìlbd`b hfgobf y fb ispiaufbacd agd fgs priacgscdtirdbacgdbfis pbrb fgs ruorgs qui prgùai y ixpgrtb fb iagdglb pbrbhubyb.

Isti aglpgrtblcidtg aafcag is eudacgdbf bf lgìfg ì ìsbrrgffg ìf abpctbfid if pbs, y hidirb ieiatgs ìschubfis id if Istb`g y fb sgaci`b`, id rifbacdagd fb istruaturb y if ariaclcidtg tblocd ìschubf ì sus euidtis ì riaur-sgs, if dcvif ì vc`b, y fbs pgftcabs pofcabs.

21 Lgfcdcir, Fcfb (?>20)If ìsagdtidtg, fbs prcgrc`bìs y fb lgvcfczbacd sgacbf. @cspgdcofi id; www.ìac`blgs.grh.py20 Uir aub`rg ^B_BHYBS. Cd`cab`gris sgacgiagdlcags ?>21-?>20, sbfvg absgs ispiacab`gs.

25.>>>

20.>>>2?.>>>2>.>>>=.>>>

5.>>>0.>>>?.>>>

>?>>0 ?>>9 ?>>5 ?>>8 ?>>= ?>>3 ?>2> ?>22 ?>2? ?>21

Hrag 2. ^CO tgtbf id lcffgdis YQ$ 2330

Euidti; OA^, Cdegrli iagdlcag siptcilori ?>20.

?.9>>

?.>>>

2,9>>

2.>>>

9>>

>?>>0 ?>>9 ?>>5 ?>>8 ?>>= ?>>3 ?>2> ?>22 ?>2? ?>21

Hrag ?. ^CO pgr mboctbdti. Id YQ$ agdstbdtis ì 2330



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Fgs siatgris iagdlcags id fgs qui si sgstcidi isti ariaclcidtg schuid scid-`g fb bhrcaufturb y hbdbìrb ilprisbrcbf, agd bftg agstg id ìegristbacd yagdtblcdbacd blocidtbf, y fbs batcvc`bìs agdixbs aglg fb bhrgcdùstrcb,agd if duivg clpufsg `b`g pgr fbs baictirbs: if trbdspgrti ì abrhb, if ag-

liracg ixtircgr, fbs dbdzbs. Fb sgkb is if prcdacpbf ruorg bhragfb y ì ixpgr-tbacd, sihuc`g pgr if lbz, y ìsì ls fikgs pgr if trchg, hcrbsgf y abdgfb,prgùatgs geriac`gs pgr fb li`cbdb y hrbd ilprisb bhragfb agd fgs auftcvgsliabdczb`gs y rgtbtgrcgs ì fgs acafgs bdubfis virbdg-cdvcirdg.

Fb prgùaacd ì fb sgkb trbdshdcab schui lbrabd`g riagr` id fbs `gs ftc-lbs tilpgrb`bs bhragfbs. Id fb ftclb, ?>21-?>20, ffih b 3.>=5.>>> tgdi-fb`bs, 1.9>>.>>> miatribs ì supiraci silorb`b, 9>> lcf miatribs lsqui id fb tilpgrb`b bdtircgr, y ?.39> jcfgs pgr miatrib ì rid`clcidtg.Ist ixtid`c`b id 22 ì fgs 28 ìpbrtblidtgs ìf pbs, cdafuyid`g ìsì fbtilpgrb`b bhragfb bdtircgr b `gs ìpbrtblidtgs ì fb rihcd Gaacìdtbfg Ambag (Bftg ^brbhuby y Ogquird). îrg fbs zgdbs ls bptbs y ì lbygrprgùaacd istd uocab`bs bf isti, dgristi y suristi ì fb rihcd Grcidtbf 29,`gdì tblocd si fgabfczbd, agd lbygr eriauidacb, fbs lchrbacgdis y fgs agd-catgs idtri fbs agludc`bìs ablpiscdbs i cd`hidbs y fbs ilprisbs bhrg-piaubrcbs, pgr ieiatg ì fb ixtidscd ì fbs pfbdtbacgdis mbstb fgs flctis ìfbs agludc`bìs rurbfis 25, id fb lbygrb ì fgs absgs scd rispitbr fb erbdkb ì2>> l ì prgtiaacd, scd obrrirbs egristbfis ì prgtiaacd agdtrb if vcidtg yfb agdtblcdbacd hidtcab.

Fb dgvi`b` id ?>21 mb sc`g if cdcacg ì fb gpirbacd cdùstrcbf y agliracbfì duivbs pfbdtbs prgaisb`grbs ìf hrbdg ì sgkb, bulidtbd`g fb abpbac`b`ì su cdùstrcbfczbacd bf `gofi28, id ls ì 1 lcffgdis ì tgdifb`bs bdub-fis, udb ì ab`b tris ìf tgtbf prgùac`g 2=, agd fg aubf si egrtbfiai if siatgrbhrgcdùstrcbf, bsgacb`g agd if ixcstidti id fbs iagdglbs viacdbs, Brhidtcdby Orbscf, y su geirtb ixtirdb pbrb fb ìlbd`b hfgobf pbrb if ruorg.

29 @cspgdcofi id; www.ccab.grh.py/gosirvbtgrcg/prgùatg-pbrbhuby-sgkb-prg uaacgd.mtl25 ^brb blpfcbr isti tilb, rilctcrsi b fg ìsarcptg id if brtaufg sgori riegrlb bhrbrcb ìf prisidti cdegrli.28 Fbs duivbs cdstbfbacgdis ìf Aglpfikg Bhrgcdùstrcbf ì Bdhgsturb QB, uocab`bs id if puirtg ì Bdhgstu-

rb ì fb acu`b` ì Ucffitb, b grcffbs ìf rg ^brbhuby, cdcacbrgd sus gpirbacgdis ì pruiob id lbyg ì ?>21,y ìsì `cacilori ist prgaisbd`g b su abpbac`b` pfidb ì 0>>> t pgr `b, gpirbd`g id tris turdgs. Ifaglpfikg is prgpci`b` ì fb bfcbdzb ì fbs trbdsdbacgdbfis ìf bhrgdihgacg, Oudhi, Fgucs @riyeus Agllg-`ctcis, y fb Agpbhrb, lcilorgs ì fb Albrb ^brbhubyb ì ^rgaisb`gris y Ixpgrtb`gris ì Gfibhcdgsbs yAiribfis (Abpprg), y si sulb b fb pfbdtb ì fb trbdsdbacgdbf B@L y ì gtrbs rlbs prgaisb`grbs ì sgkb,airibfis, bfhg`d y agag, tblocd bhrupb`bs id fb Abpprg (BOA Agfgr, 3 ì sitcilori ì ?>21. @cspgdcofiid; mttp;//www.boa.agl.py/i`cacgd-clprisb/iagdglcb/cdbuhurbd-baictirb-qui-riqucrcg-ì-udb-cdvir-scgd-ì-us-?>>-lcffgdis-223=05>.mtlf y mttp;//www.boa.agl.py/i`cacgd-clprisb/supfilidtgs/ilpri-sbs-y-dihgacgs/99--ì-fb-sgkb-prgùac`b-si-cdùstrcbfczb-52?835.mtlf).

2= ^brbhuby is if sixtg prgùatgr y if aubrtg ixpgrtb`gr lud`cbf ì sgkb, lcidtrbs qui fgs pbsis viacdgs,Orbscf y Brhidtcdb, gaupbd if prclir y tirair fuhbr aglg prgùatgr, y if sihud`g y tirairg aglg ixpgrtb`gr,rispiatcvblidti. @cspgdcofi id; mttp;//www.tirb.agl.py/abpiag/cdìx.pmp7c`


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Pblocd mb ariac`g agdscìrbofilidti fb prgùaacd hbdbìrb, pgr sihud`gbg agdsiautcvg, pgr ieiatg ì fb riaupirbacd ì sus lirab`gs, bulidtbd`gif rib ì prgùaacd ilprisbrcbf pbrb fb ixpgrtbacd agd obsi id fb cdvir-scd ixtrbdkirb `criatb, id pbrtcaufbr id if Ambag, `gdì if priacg ì fb tcirrb,

fgs clpuistgs cdlgocfcbrcgs y fgs hbstgs ì trbdseiridacbs ì prgpci`b` sgdriùac`gs i crrcsgrcgs pbrb fbs ilprisbs cdvirscgdcstbs ixtrbdkirbs. Qihd istc-lbacgdis ì fb Bsgacbacd _urbf ìf ^brbhuby (B_^), cdvirscgdcstbs ì Yruhubyid hbdbìrb b`qucrcirgd id ?>22 ls ì ? lcffgdis ì miatribs id `cambrihcd. Id if absg ì cdvirscgdcstbs ì Orbscf, fbs tcirrbs b`qucrc`bs supirbrbd`camb acerb y si agdaidtrbd id fb zgdb dgrti ìf ìpbrtblidtg ì ^riscìdtiMbyis y id if ì Bftg ^brbhuby, id fb lbrhid ìriamb ìf rg ^brbhuby, fcltrgeiagd Orbscf. Bsclcslg, fbs aggpirbtcvbs lidgdctbs if Ambag aidtrbf b`qucrcirgdduivbs tcirrbs pbrb ixpbd`cr sus `glcdcgs bdti if bvbdai ì fbs cdlgocfcbrcbsi cdvirscgdcstbs ixtrbdkirgs, y i fb ispiaufbacd sgori fgs priacgs i fb tcirrb23.Istb vidtb lbscvb ì fbs tcirrbs ìf Ambag ivcìdacb fgs dis ispiaufbtcvgs ìfb mcstrcab baulufbacd i tcirrbs pgr pbrti i fgs hrbdìs prgpcitbrcgs, acvcfisy lcfctbris, pbrb qucidis mgy is gpgrtudb su vidtb. Lcidtrbs, fb riaupirbacd, ifripgofblcidtg y fb ìeidsb ì fgs tirrctgrcgs cd`hidbs ì fb rihcd, li`cbdtifb aggpirbacd cdtirdbacgdbf y fbs pgftcabs pofcabs, sgd sgstidc`bs agd euirtispriscgdis ìsì fb sgaci`b` acvcf grhbdczb`b, dbacgdbf i cdtirdbacgdbf?>.

^gr su fb`g, if ariaclcidtg ì fb prgùaacd ì fb piquib bhrcaufturb y hb-dbìrb ablpiscdb si lbdceist id ud dlirg tblocd ariacidti ì eircbsb dcvif ì bfhudgs ìpbrtblidtgs y ì Bsudacd, li`cbdti fb prglgacd ìgrhbdczbacgdis dg huoirdblidtbfis, dbacgdbfis i cdtirdbacgdbfis, if Cdstc-tutg ì @isbrrgffg _urbf y ì fb Pcirrb (Cdìrt) y bfhudbs hgoirdbacgdis, idrifbacd agd fgs prghrblbs ì prglgacd ì fb sihurc`b` y sgoirbdb bfc-lidtbrcb, y i bulidtg if ilpfig i cdhrisg i fbs eblcfcbs ablpiscdbs ?2. Idisti agdtixtg, if prghrblb ìf Lcdcstircg ì Bhrcaufturb y Hbdbìrb (LBH)b ebvgr ì fb bhrcaufturb eblcfcbr ablpiscdb eui oidiacb`g pgr ud prstblgìf Obdag Lud`cbf y udb pbrti ì fgs ogdgs ixtirdgs ì fb ìu`b pofcab,ffblb`gs sgoirbdgs, aglg fg virilgs ls bìfbdti.

^gr gtrg fb`g, fgs siatgris ì lbygr ariaclcidtg id if ftclg bg, ìspusì fb prgùaacd bhrgpiaubrcb, sgd fgs agdixgs ìf trbdspgrti ì abrhb, ifagliracg, fbs dbdzbs, fgs mgtifis y ristburbdtis, y fbs agludcabacgdis. ^gr iffb`g ì fb prgùaacd ì ocidis, fb lcdirb y fb cdùstrcb. Id aubdtg b fbs cd-

23 Pcirrbvcvb, ?9 ì bhgstg ì ?>20. @cspgdcofi id; mttp;//www.tcirrbvcvb.grh.py/7dgtcacb20. @cspgdcofi id; mttp;//www.fbdbacgd.agl.py/

brtcaufg/25=23>--uruhubygs-aglprbrbd-lbs-ablpgs-hbdbìrgs-id-if-ambag-pbrbhubyg.mtlf?> @cspgdcofi id; www.tcirrbvcvb.grh.py: www.hbt.grh.py: www.pac.grh.py: www.survcvbf.is?2 Baacd acu`b`bdb agdtrb if mblori y pgr if ìriamg b fb bfclidtbacd. @cspgdcofi id; mttp;//www.sgoirbdcb-

bfclidtbrcb.grh.py/wio/pbhi/?/


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ùstrcbs, pgr ieiatg if bulidtg agdscìrbofi i fb prgùaacd i fgs baictisvihitbfis, fb batcvc`b` ì fgs erchgrags pbrb fgs prgùatgs ì abrdi ogvcdb,pgracdb, ì bvis, idtri gtrgs, grcidtb`gs bf lirab`g ixtirdg i cdtirdg. Fb cd-ùstrcb bfclidtbrcb i cdsulgs grcidtb`gs bf lirab`g cdtirdg, agd obsi id

clpgrtbdtis ruorgs bhragfbs aglg fb lbd`cgab y fb abb ì bzabr, tblocdmbd tidc`g ouid ìsilpig (pbrb fb prgùaacd i bflc`d, bzabr, bfagmgfabrourbdti), b ixaipacd ì fb Bzuabrirb Cturoi, dbflidti id quciorb trbsfbrhgs bgs ì histcd ìactbrcb??.

Id trlcdgs ì fb istruaturb prgùatcvb ì ocidis y sirvcacgs si lbdtcidi fbtidìdacb if ftclg iaidcg, cdafuyid`g fb prgùaacd i fb idirhb ifatrc-ab ì fb pbrti pbrbhubyb ì fbs mc`rgifatrcabs ocdbacgdbfis: fb pri`glcdbd-acb i fb bhrcaufturb, sihuc`b i gtrgs sics siatgris, id fb lbygrb i fgs absgsbsgacb`gs agd if lgìfg ì ariaclcidtg bhrgixpgrtb`gr y fb cdtirvidacdìf Istb`g (agliracg, ifiatrcac`b`, cdùstrcb, hgocirdg hidirbf) (Hrag 1).

Hrag 1. ^rgùatg cdtirdg orutg pgr siatgr. Bg ?>21


?? Fb baulufbacd ì ìu`bs agd fgs gorirgs, if bpgrti gorirg y pbtrgdbf ìf C^Q b fgs ablpiscdgs prgvii`grisì fb abb ùfai ùrbrgd mbstb pgr ls ì ud bg, cdafusg trbs fb aribacd ìf ìcaglcsg. Qgd luistrbsabfblctgsbs dg sfg ì fb histcd ìactbrcb ì fb cdùstrcb scdg ìf tgtbf ìsagdtrgf ìf Istb`g sgori if prg-ofilb pgr ìls agdgac`g (BOA Agfgr, 2= ì bhgstg ?>2=. @cspgdcofi id; www.boa.agl.py/i`cacgd-clprisb/ pgfctcab/cdaghdctbs-bdti-quciorb-ì-bzuabrirb-cturoi-sb-2?88>2=.mtlf).

Clpuistgs bfgs prgùatgs

5,0%Hgocirdghidirbf

=,0%

Qirvcacgs b fgs mghbris0,3%

Bhrcaufturb2=,8%

Cdùstrcb2>,2%

Hbdb irb9,>%

Agdstruaacd1,0%

Ifiatrcac`b y bhub2?,2%Prbdspgrtis

1,0%

Agludcabacgdis0,1%

Agliracg20,8%

Ecdbdzbs?,=%

Bfqucfir i vcvcid`bs2,1%

Qirvcacgs b fbs ilprisbs?,?%

Mgtifis y ristburbdtis2,>%

Ixpgrtbacd egristbf2,2%

îsab>,2%

Lcdirb>,2%


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If agliracg ixtircgr y fb cdvirscd ixtrbdkirb. Fgs sgacgs agliracbfisilirhidtis (_uscb, Amcdb)

Id rifbacd agd fbs ixpgrtbacgdis, if ariaclcidtg cdtirbdubf eui clpgrtbdti,ìf ?3% trbs fb ab`b id ?>2?, qui mbob beiatb`g pbrtcaufbrlidti fgs idvgsì fb silcffb ì fb sgkb y sus ìrcvb`gs cdùstrcbfis (baicti y mbrcdb). Fb riaupi-rbacd y if ariaclcidtg ì istgs lcslgs ruorgs y ì fb abrdi clpbatbrgd idif ariaclcidtg ìf tgtbf ixpgrtb`g. ^gr if fb`g ì fb ixpgrtbacd ì fb idirhbifatrcab ixaiìdti ì fb pbrti pbrbhubyb ì fbs mc`rgifatrcabs ocdbacgdbfisb Orbscf y Brhidtcdb, si lbdtuvg fb tidìdacb bf ariaclcidtg sgstidc`g tbdtgid aubdtg bf vbfgr bosgfutg bs aglg b fb pbrtcacpbacd ìdtrg ìf vbfgr tgtbfixpgrtb`g, qui bobrab batubflidti ?=% i sti, scid`g supirb`g dcablidtipgr if vbfgr ixpgrtb`g ì fb silcffb ì fb sgkb id istb`g dbturbf, id ?>21.

Id aubdtg bf agliracg ì clpgrtbacd, id ?>21 si riaupir ì fb ab`b ìfbg bdtircgr, pirg, sihd fbs gpirbacgdis rihcstrb`bs, dg supir if ragr` bf-abdzb`g id ?>22. Is prgobofi qui if buhi i fb clpgrtbacd i fbs lirabìrbsbrhidtcdbs ì fgs ftclgs bgs, id pbrtcaufbr ìsì if bg pbsb`g, sgfg istcdafuc`g pbracbflidti id fbs istb`stcabs gacbfis, y qui if agdtrbobd`g istidauorcid`g if bulidtg ì fbs clpgrtbacgdis ìsì isi pbs y ìf tgtbf, puisfb `clidscd qui mb tglb`g if agliracg ergdtirczg agd Brhidtcdb supirb fgslrhidis ìf piquig agliracg, pgr ieiatgs ì fb ìvbfubacd ìf pisg br-hidtcdg y fbs vidtbkbs ablocbrcbs pbrb fbs aglprbs, sctubacd qui si lbdtcidimbstb fb batubfc`b`. @i miamg, fb aglprb ì `fbris id ^brbhuby y su rividtb idfb iagdglb viacdb is ud dihgacg ispiaufbtcvg ablocbrcg cfihbf pirg ribfczb`gb pfidb fuz ìf `b, if ffblb`g `fbr ofui, qui tid`c b fb obkb id gatuori,aubd`g fbs butgrc`bìs lgditbrcbs brhidtcdbs fghrbrgd riùacr if tilgr b udbduivb ivbfubacd y istbofiacirgd agdtrgf sgori if dihgacg if fbr pbrbfifg?1.

^gr gtrg fb`g, id ?>21 si upfcabrgd fgs vbfgris i fbs clpgrtbacgdis i ocidis

pbrb trbdsegrlbacd, lcidtrbs schucirgd obkbd`g fgs ì riixpgrtbacd?0

, bsg-acb`gs agd fb cdùstrcb y fgs sirvcacgs ì lbqucfb qui si idauidtrbd id pfidgariaclcidtg, sgori tg`g ì abrb b fbs `gs iagdglbs viacdbs, Brhidtcdb y, idpbrtcaufbr, Orbscf, gpirb`bs pgr fbs lbtrcais cdstbfb`bs id iffbs g i

DERECHOS HUMANOS EN PARAGUAY - 2014 - CODEHUPY - PORTALGUARANI

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Transcript of DERECHOS HUMANOS EN PARAGUAY - 2014 - CODEHUPY - PORTALGUARANI