CICLOS TERMODINÁMICOS-MINAS.pptx

7/18/2019 CICLOS TERMODINÁMICOS-MINAS.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ciclos-termodinamicos-minaspptx 1/67

CAJAMARCA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA

“CICLOS TERMODINÁMICOS”



UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCAE.A.P. INGENIERIA DE MINAS

“CICLOS TERMODINÁMICOS”INTEGRANTES DEL EQUIPO DE TRABAJO:• CABRERA BOÑON, RUTH ISABEL• MONZON CARUAJULCA, KENNY

• YOPLA MURRUGARRA, MARIBEL• MOSQUEIRA VILLAR, PAOLADOCENTE : ING. HUGO MOSQUEIRA ESTRAVERCURSO : QUMICA II



INTRODUCCIÓNL!" #$!%&"!" '&$(!)*+(*%!" -& "& )/+ &+ 0/ +/'$/0&1/"!+ *$$&2&$"*30&", &" )&%*$, "& )/+ &+ +/ "!0/ )*$&%%*4+(*&+'$/" -& 0!" #$!%&"!" $&2&$"*30&" "!+ *)&/0*1/)!", &")&%*$ "!0! "& #!)$5/+ )/$ (!)*6%/+)! *+6+*'&"*(/0(&+'& 0/"

%!+)*%*!+&" )&0 "*"'&(/.U+/ (-*+/ '7$(*%/ &" /-&00/ -& '$/+"8!$(/ &0 %/0!$ &+&+&$95/ (&%+*%/ ! &+ '$/3/!. L/ %/+'*)/) )& (/'&$*/ %!+0/ -& '$/3// 0/ (-*+/ '7$(*%/ "& )&+!(*+/ ""'/+%*/ )&'$/3/!. L/" (-*+/" '7$(*%/" (" "*(#0&" "!+ /-&00/"

-& $&/0*1/+ + #$!%&"! %5%0*%!, &" )&%*$, 0/ ""'/+%*/ *+*%*/0; 6+/0 &" 0/ (*"(/.E0 (!'!$ )& %!(3"'*4+ *+'&$+/ &" + '*#! )& (-*+/'7$(*%/ -& 8+%*!+/ (&)*/+'& +/ 2/$*/%*4+ )& 2!0<(&+&",)& + 2!0(&+ (5+*(! V / + 2!0(&+ (=*(! $V, )!+)& $

&" 0/ $/14+ )& %!(#$&"*4+ ;, &+ 0!" (!'!$&" (!)&$+!", &"'&+'$& > ; ?@.



OBJETIVOSOBJETIVOGENERAL

C!+!%&$ 0!")*8&$&+'&" %*%0!"'&$(!)*+(*%!",

'/+'! )&#!'&+%*/ %!(!

)& $&8$*9&$/%*4+.

OBJETIVOS

ESPECICOS

R&%!+!%&$%/+)! &"'/(!"'$/3//+)! %!+

&0 %*%0! )&R/+*+&.

D&6+*$ &0 %*%0!)& C/$+!' ; ""%/$/%'&$5"'*%/".

C!+!%&$ &+ -7%!+"*"'& &0 %*%0!)& S'*$0*+9 ; "

&6%*&+%*/.

D&6+*$ &0 %*%0!)& D*&"&0 ; &0

%*%0! )& O''! %!+"" $&"#&%'*2/"%/$/%'&$5"'*%/"..

D*8&$&+%*/$ &+'$&0!" %*%0!" )&

#!'&+%*/ ; 0!"

%*%0!" )&$&8$*9&$/%*4+.



CICLOS

TERMODINÁMICOS



CICLO DE CARNOT



Se define ciclo de Carnot como un proceso cíclico reversible que utiliza un gas

perfecto, y que consta de dos transformaciones isotérmicas y dos

adiabáticas.Entonces la máquina absorbe calor de la fuente fría y cede calor ala fuente caliente, teniendo que suministrar trabao a la máquina. Si el obetivo

de esta máquina es e!traer calor de la fuente fría se denomina máquina

frigorífica, y si es ceder calor a la fuente caliente, bomba de calor.



CD A3"!$%*4+ )& %/0!$ Qc &+ + #$!%&"! *"!'&$(! / '&(#&$/'$/ T c.DA E+8$*/(*&+'! /)*/3'*%! /"'/ 0/ '&(#&$/'$/ )&0 8!%! 8$5!, T f .AB C&"*4+ )& %/0!$ F Qf F /0 8!%! 8$5! / '&(#&$/'$/ T f .BC C/0&+'/(*&+'! /)*/3'*%! )&")& 0/ '&(#&$/'$/ )&0 8!%! 8$5!, T f /0/ '&(#&$/'$/ )&0 8!%! %/0*&+'&, T c.



Transformacin A!"B #iso$%rma&L/ #$&"*4+ pB "& %/0%0/ / #/$'*$ )& 0/ &%/%*4+ )&0 9/"

*)&/0 #BVB+RT?V/$*/%*4+ )& &+&$95/ *+'&$+/ UAB@T$/3/! AB+RT?0+VBVAC/0!$ QABAB

Transformacin B!"C #a'ia()$ica&L/ &%/%*4+ )& &"'/)! /)*/3'*%/&" #V%'& ! 3*&+, TV?%'& . S&)&"#&/ V c )& 0/ &%/%*4+ )& 0//)*/3'*%/ T?V?BTV?C . C!+!%*)! V c ; T

2

"& !3'*&+& pc

, / #/$'*$ )& 0/ &%/%*4+ )&09/" *)&/0. #CVC+RT .C/0!$ QBC@V/$*/%*4+ )& &+&$95/*+'&$+/ UBC+%2TT?

T$/3/! BCUBC



. .C/0!$ QDA@V/$*/%*4+ )& &+&$95/ *+'&$+/UDA+%2T?TT$/3/! DAUDAA #/$'*$ )& 0/" &%/%*!+&" )& 0/" )!"

/)*/3'*%/", #!)&(!" #$!3/$ -& 0/$&0/%*4+ &+'$& 0!" 2!0<(&+&" )& 0!"27$'*%&" &"VB.VAVC.VD



U+ (!'!$ )& C/$+!' &" + )*"#!"*'*2! *)&/0 -& )&"%$*3& + %*%0! )& C/$+!'.T$/3// &+'$& )!" 8!%!", '!(/+)! %/0!$ Q1 )&0 8!%! %/0*&+'& / 0/ '&(#&$/'$/T 1,#$!)%*&+)! + '$/3/! W , ; %&)*&+)! + %/0!$ Q2 /0 8!%! 8$5! / 0/'&(#&$/'$/ T 2.E+ + (!'!$ $&/0, &0 8!%! %/0*&+'& &"' $&#$&"&+'/)! #!$ 0/ %/0)&$/ )& 2/#!$-& "(*+*"'$/ &0 %/0!$, &0 "*"'&(/ %*0*+)$!7(3!0! #$!)%& &0 '$/3/! ; "&%&)& %/0!$ /0 8!%! 8$5! -& &" 0/ /'(4"8&$/.

BOMBA DE CALOR



L/ (-*+/ )& C/$+!' '/(3*7+ #&)& 8+%*!+/$ &+ "&+'*)! *+2&$"!,)&+!(*++)!"& &+'!+%&" 8$*9!$56%!. S& &='$/&$5/ %/0!$ Q2 )&0 8!%! 8$5!/#0*%/+)! + '$/3/! W , ; %&)&$5/ Q1 /0 8!%! %/0*&+'&.E+ + 8$*9!$56%! $&/0, &0 (!'!$ %!+&%'/)! / 0/ $&) &07%'$*%/ #$!)%& +'$/3/! -& "& &(#0&/ &+ &='$/&$ + %/0!$ )&0 8!%! 8$5! 0/ %/2*)/) )&08$*9!$56%! ; "& %&)& %/0!$ /0 8!%! %/0*&+'&, -& &" 0/ /'(4"8&$/.

MA*UINA FRIGORÍFICA



R%n'imi%n$o '% +ncic,o '% Carno$

P&"'! -& "!+ *)7+'*%!" '!)!" 0!" $&+)*(*&+'!" )& (-*+/" -&!#&$&+ "&9<+ &0 %*%0! )& C/$+!', #!)&(!" &(#0&/$ 0/ -& +!"$&"0'& (" "*(#0& #/$/ %/0%0/$ &"'& $&+)*(*&+'!.

L/ &0&%%*4+ +/'$/0 &" &(#0&/$ &0 %*%0! )& + 9/" *)&/0 )&"%$*'!/+'&$*!$(&+'&.E0 $&+)*(*&+'! )& +/ (-*+/ '7$(*%/ &"



EL COEICIENTE DE DESEMPEÑOE0 %!&6%*&+'& )& )&"&(#&! )& +

$&8$*9&$/)!$ $&2&$"*30& %!(! &0 )& C/$+!' &"

;/ -&, %!(! &+ 0/ (-*+/ )& C/$+!', 0/%/+'*)/) )& %/0!$ *+'&$%/(3*/)/ %!+ %/)/8!%! &" #$!#!$%*!+/0 / 0/ '&(#&$/'$/ )& )*%!8!%!.



EJERCICIO



C!(#$&+"*4+ *"&+'$!#*%/ &+ +/ 3!(3/. A)*%*4+ )& %/0!$ / #$&"*4+ %!+"'/+'& &+

+/ %/0)&$/. E=#/+"*4+ *"&+'$!#*%/ &+ +/ '$3*+/. R&%/1! )& %/0!$ / #$&"*4+ %!+"'/+'& &+

+ %!+)&+"/)!$.



• - is%n$ro.icos

• - iso()ricosa'ia()$icos



E%/%*!+&"C/)/ +/ )& 0/" %/'$! #$*(&$/" &%/%*!+&" "& !3'*&+& )&0 3/0/+%& )& &+&$95/ ; )&0

3/0/+%& )& (/"/ #/$/ + 2!0(&+ )& %!+'$!0. L/ -*+'/ &%/%*4+ )&"%$*3& 0/ &6%*&+%*/'&$(!)*+(*%/ ! $&+)*(*&+'! '7$(*%! )&0 %*%0! ; "& )&6+& %!(! 0/ $&0/%*4+ &+'$& 0/#!'&+%*/ )& "/0*)/ %!+ $&"#&%'! / 0/ #!'&+%*/ '7$(*%/ )& &+'$/)/.



CICLO DE OTTOM)/+inas '% %nc%n'i'o'% c0is.a1



• 2a$%n$% 3 E+4%nio Barsan$i 5 F%,ic% Ma$$%+cci %n 67891

• Conc%.$o 3 Franc:s A,.0ons% B%a+ '% Roc0as %n 67;-1

• 2ro$o$i.o 3 A,%m)n Nico,a+s O$$o %n 67<;1

• U$i,i=a %n 3

> A+$om?i,%s > A?ion%s > Tr%n%s

> @%,ic.$%ros > Barcos > Mo$osi%rra

> Cor$a'ora '% c:s.%' > Trac$or%s > G%n%ra'or%s

> Ma/+inaria in'+s$ria, > Ta,,%r%s > J+4+%$%s

A+'&%&)&+'&"

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio_Barsanti


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felice_Matteucci


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphonse_Beau_de_Rochas


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Otto














A'misin #6&1

Com.r%sin #-&

Com(+s$in

E.ansin #&1

Esca.% #9&1



E0 %*%0! O''! &" &0 %*%0! *)&/0 )& 0!" (!'!$&" )& &+%&+)*)! #!$3/'&$5/.

? A)*/3'*%/ ! I"!'$4#*%/ : "*+ *+'&$%/(3*! )& %/0!$ %!+ &0&='&$*!$ %!(#$&"*4+ )&0 *)! /%'*2! ; &0 %!$$&"#!+)*&+'&'$/3/! $&/0*1/)! #!$ &0 #*"'4+

A 2!0(&+ %!+"'/+'& : *+'$!)%%*4+ *+"'/+'+&/ )&0 %/0!$S(*+*"'$/)! *61

A)*/3'*%/ : &=#/+"*4+ ; %!$$&"#!+)*&+'& '$/3/!#$!)%*)! #!$ &0 *)! /%'*2!.

A 2!0(&+ %!+"'/+'& : ""'$/%%*4+ *+"'/+'+&/ )&0 %/0!$*-1

ASES DEL CICLO OTTO:



@



@ ?



Q?

Q



Eficiencia en función del calor:61 In$%rcam(io '% ca,or

BC

D A→

2. Trabajo realizado

A B→

C D→



R%n'imi%n$o

Sustituyendo el trabajo como diferencia de calores

Eficiencia en función de las temperaturas



U+ %*%0! O''! *)&/0 '*&+& +/ $&0/%*4+ )&%!(#$&"*4+ )& >. A0 *+*%*! )&0 #$!%&"! )&%!(#$&"*4+ &0 /*$& &"'/ / 6 2a ; 6< oC, ;7J4 )& %/0!$ "& '$/+"6&$&+ / 2!0(&+

%!+"'/+'& /%*/ &0 /*$& )$/+'& &0 #$!%&"! )&/)*%*4+ )& %/0!$. D&'&$(*+&: a& T&(#&$/'$/ ;#$&"*4+ (=*(/ )$/+'& &0 %*%0!.



SOLUCION/ T&(#&$/'$/ ; #$&"*4+ (=*(/ )$/+'& &0 %*%0!:E"'/)! ?:

T? ? !C ? @ KW

P? ?@@ KP/E+ #$!%&"! *"&+'$4#*%! )& + 9/" *)&/0 "& %(#0& -&:

P/$/ 0/ '&(#&$/'$/ )& @ K 2$? XX,? ; ? @X,? J9

en donde vr1 y vr2 son los volúmenes específicos relativos del aire a las temperaturas

correspondientes.



L/ $&0/%*4+ )& %!(#$&"*4+ $ V(/=V(*+

V?V >,&+'!+%&" %/0%0/(!" 2$.

Con este valor determinamos la temperatura en el estado 2 usando la tabla de propiedades del aire como

podemos observar este valor no esta registrado en la tabla por lo tanto interpolamos de acuerdo a los

siguientes valores:

V$ TK[

>\, X\@

>,\? T

>?,> XX@



2V mRT P/$/ )!" &"'/)!" )*8&$&+'&" ; +/(/"/ 6/ -&)/:

Proceso 2 – 3: adición de calor a volumen constante:

Para la temperatura de 2 ! "#2$1 % determinamos u2 en la

tabla de propiedades del aire.

TK[ J9[

X\@ ,\

X\,?

XX@ >?,@?



Para determinar 3 buscamos en la tabla de propiedades del aire u3.

J9[ TK[

?X@, ?\X@

?, T

?,\ ?\>@

La temperatura máxima alcanzada por el ciclo es T3 = 1574,9 K.



P/$/ &0 %0%0! )& P #$&"*4+ (=*(/:

La .r%sin m)ima a,can=a'a .or %, cic,o%s 2 999H6 2a1

CICLO DE



CICLO DE

STIRLING



INTRODUCCI]NE0 (!'!$ S'*$0*+9 8& !$*9*+/0(&+'& *+2&+'/)! #!$ S*$ R!3&$' S'*$0*+9,8$/*0& &"%!%7", /%*/ ?>?X. E+ "" *+*%*!" %!(#*'*4 &8&%'*2/(&+'&%!+ &0 (!'!$ / 2/#!$. P&$)*4 *+'&$7" )&"#7" )&0 )&"/$$!00! )&0(!'!$ )& %!(3"'*4+ *+'&$+/ ; / $&'!(/)! *+'&$7" &+ 0!" <0'*(!"/!" #!$ 2/$*/" %/$/%'&$5"'*%/" (; 8/2!$/30&" -& '*&+&. E+#/$'*%0/$:

R%n'imi%n$o3 %!(! 2&$&(!", &0 (!'!$ S'*$0*+9 '*&+& &0 #!'&+%*/0)& /0%/+1/$ &0 $&+)*(*&+'! )& C/$+!', 0! %/0 0& #&$(*'&,'&4$*%/(&+'&, /0%/+1/$ &0 05(*'& (=*(! )& $&+)*(*&+'!.

F+%n$% '% Ca,or E$%rna3 &"'& (!'!$ *+'&$%/(3*/ &0 %/0!$ %!+

&0 exterior , #!$ 0! '/+'! &" /)/#'/30& / +/ 9$/+ 9/(/ )& 8&+'&")& %/0!$ #/$/ " !#&$/%*4+. A0 "&$ )& %!(3"'*4+ &='&$+/,&0 proceso )& %!(3"'*4+ "& #&)& %!+'$!0/$ (; 3*&+, #!$ 0!%/0 "& $&)%&+ 0/" &(*"*!+&".

Cic,o c%rra'o3 &0 *)! )& '$/3/! !#&$/ &+ + %*%0! %&$$/)! ; 0/8&+'& )& %/0!$ &" &='&$+/. E"'! /%& -& &"'& (!'!$ "&/,#!'&+%*/0(&+'&, )& (; 3/! +*2&0 )& &(*"*!+&".



E+ ? &0 %*0*+)$! 8$5! &"' / (=*(! 2!0(&+ ; &0 %*0*+)$!%/0*&+'& &"' / 2!0(&+ (5+*(!, #&9/)! /0 $&9&+&$/)!$. E0$&9&+&$/)!$ "& "#!+& &"' ^%/$9/)!^ )& %/0!$. E0 *)! )&'$/3/! &"' / T8 / 2!0(&+ (=*(!, V(/= ; / #?.

DESCRI2CIÓN DEL CICLO



E+'$& ? ; "& &='$/& 0/ %/+'*)/) Q8 )& %/0!$ )&0 %*0*+)$! #!$ &00/)! 8$5!. E0 #$!%&"! "& $&/0*1/ / T8 %!+"'/+'&. P!$ 0! '/+'! /0 6+/0&+ "& &"'/$ / 2!0(&+ (5+*(!, V(*+, T8 ; #. E0 #*"'4+ )& 0/1!+/ %/0*&+'& +! "& / )&"#0/1/)!. E+ &"'/ &2!0%*4+ &" "*"'&(//3"!$3& '$/3/!.



E+'$& ; 0!" )!" #*"'!+&" "& )&"#0/1/+ &+ 8!$(/ #/$/0&0/. E"'! /%&-& '!)! &0 *)! /'$/2*&"& &0 $&9&+&$/)!$. A0 !%$$*$ &"'!, &0 *)!/3"!$3& 0/ %/+'*)/) Q_ )& %/0!$ ; &0&2/ " '&(#&$/'$/ )& T8 / T%. P!$0! '/+'! /0 6+/0 &+ "& &"'/$ / T%, V(*+ ; #. E0 $&9&+&$/)!$ -&)/^)&"%/$9/)!^. E+ &"'/ &2!0%*4+ &0 '$/3/! +&'! /3"!$3*)! &" %&$!"/02! #!$ #7$)*)/" #!$ $!%& /0 /'$/2&"/$ &0 *)! &0 $&9&+&$/)!$.



E+'$& ; &0 #*"'4+ 8$5! -&)/ +'! /0 0/)! 8$5! )&0 $&9&+&$/)!$ ; &0

%/0*&+'& "*9& )&"#0/1+)!"&" /%*/ + (/;!$ 2!0(&+. S& /3"!$3& 0/%/+'*)/) )& %/0!$ Q% ; &0 #$!%&"! &" *)&/0(&+'& *"!'7$(*%!. A0 6+/0 &0*)! )& '$/3/! &"' / T%, &0 2!0(&+ &" V(/= ; 0/ #$&"*4+ &" #.*+/0(&+'& 0!" )!" #*"'!+&" "& )&"#0/1/+ &+ 8!$(/ #/$/0&0/ )& / ?,/%*&+)! /'$/2&"/$ &0 *)! )& '$/3/! /0 $&9&+&$/)!$. A0 !%$$*$ &"'! &0*)! %&)& %/0!$ /0 $&9&+&$/)!$, &"'& "& %/$9/ )& %/0!$, 0/ '&(#&$/'$/ )&0

*)! 3// )& T% / T8 ; 0/ #$&"*4+ 3// )& # / #?. A0 6+/0 )& 0/ &2!0%*4+ &0*)! &"' / V(/=, ? T8. E0 $& &+&$/)!$ "* & ̂ %/$ /)!^ )& %/0!$.



REPRESENTACION DEL CICLO DE

STIRNING

REPRESENTACI N DEL



REPRESENTACI N DELCICLO

S& /3"!$3& %/0!$ &+ &0 %/0&+'/(*&+'! *"!%!$*%!; &+ 0/ &=#/+"*4+ *"!'&$(/, ; "& %&)& &+ 0!"!'$!" )!" #$!%&"!"



EL! -& /%& &"#&%*/0 /0 %*%0! )& S'*$0*+9

&" 0/ #$&"&+%*/ )& + *+'&$%/(3*/)!$ )&%/0!$ ! $&9&+&$/)!$E+ &0 &+8$*/(*&+'! )&0 9/" "& #/"/ )& 0/'&(#&$/'$/ T% / T8 0*3&$/+)! %/0!$. E+ &0%/0&+'/(*&+'! "& #/"/ )& T8 / T%/3"!$3*&+)! %/0!$, #&"'! -&,'&4$*%/(&+'& "& #/"/ #!$ 0/" (*"(/"'&(#&$/'$/" &" #!"*30& /#$!2&%/$ &0%/0!$ 0*3&$/)! /0 &+8$*/$"& "*+ 2*!0/$ &0"&9+)! #$*+%*#*! )& 0/ '&$(!)*+(*%/:&0 %/0!$ -& "& 2/ 0*3&$/+)!

9$/)/0(&+'& &+ + #&"'! )&0&+8$*/(*&+'! "& %&)& /0 #+'! / 0/ (*"(/'&(#&$/'$/ &+ &0 %/0&+'/(*&+'!. P&"'!-& /(3!" "& &+%&+'$/+ / 0/ (*"(/'&(#&$/'$/ &0 #$!%&"! "&$*/ $&2&$"*30&.



PROBLEMA?@@ (!0&" )& 9/" *)&/0 )*'!(*%! "8$& + %*%0! )& S'*$0*+9*+'&$+/(&+'& $&2&$"*30&, $&#$&"&+'/)! &+ 0/ 69$/. E0 %*%0! "&%!(#!+& )& )!" *"!'&$(/" ; )!" *"4%!$/". L/" '&(#&$/'$/" )&'$/3/! "!+ T* @@ K ; T8 @@@ K, (*&+'$/" -& 0/" #$&"*!+&"&='$&(/" "!+ P/ ?\@ P/ ; P3 @@ M#/./ E+ %/)/ +! )& 0!" #$!%&"!", %/0%0/ 0/ 2/$*/%*4+ )& &+&$95/

*+'&$+/, &0 '$/3/! $&/0*1/)! ; &0 %/0!$ /3"!$3*)! #!$ &0 9/".C/0%0/ &0 $&+)*(*&+'! )&0 %*%0!.

3 C/0%0/ 0/ 2/$*/%*4+ )& &+'$!#5/ &+ %/)/ #$!%&"! )&0 %*%0! ; 0/2/$*/%*4+ +&'/ &+ &0 %*%0! %!(#0&'!.

% C!(#/$/ &0 $&+)*(*&+'! )&0 %*%0! %!+ &0 )& +/ (-*+/ )&C/$+!' $&2&$"*30& -& '$/3/& &+'$& 0/" (*"(/" '&(#&$/'$/".

D/'!:

CONCLUSIONES



CONCLUSIONES E0 %*%0! R/+*+& !#&$/ %!+ 2/#!$, ; &" &0 '*0*1/)! &+ 0/"

%&+'$/0&" '&$(!&07%'$*%/". C!+"*"'& &+ %/0&+'/$ /9/ &+ +/%/0)&$/ /"'/ &2/#!$/$0/ ; &0&2/$ 0/ #$&"*4+ )&0 2/#!$, -& "&/%& *+%*)*$ "!3$& 0!" 0/3&" )& +/ '$3*+/, )!+)& #*&$)&#$&"*4+ #$!)%*&+)! &+&$95/ %*+7'*%/. P$!"*9& &0 %*%0! /%*/ +%!+)&+"/)!$ )!+)& &0 *)! "& 0*%</, #/$/ #!"'&$*!$(&+'&

*+'$!)%*$0! &+ +/ 3!(3/ -& )& +&2! /(&+'/$ 0/ #$&"*4+,; "&$ )& +&2! *+'$!)%*)! &+ 0/ %/0)&$/.

E0 %*%0! )& C/$+!' &" + %*%0! )& *+'&$7" &+ (-*+/" )& *)!%!+)&+"/30&, )&3*)! / -& )$/+'& 0!" #$!%&"!" )& &2/#!$/%*4+; %!+)&+"/%*4+ )&0 *)! 0/" &2!0%*!+&" *"!'&$(/" -& 0!

)&6+&+ "!+ /0 (*"(! '*&(#! &2!0%*!+&" *"43/$/". E0 %*%0! S'*$0*+9 &" + %*%0! '&$(!)*+(*%! )&0 (!'!$ S'*$0*+9 -&3"%/ !3'&+&$ &0 (=*(! $&+)*(*&+'!. E"'/ (-*+/ &"'%!+"'*'*)/ #!$ )!" *"!'&$(/", )!" *"4%!$/" ; + "*"'&(/ )&$&9&+&$/%*4+ &+'$& 0/" *"!%!$/".



E0 %*%0! D*&"&0 &" &0 %*%0! *)&/0 #/$/ 0/"(-*+/" $&%*#$!%/+'&" )& &+%&+)*)! #!$%!(#$&"*4+. E+ 0!" (!'!$&" )& &+%&+)*)! #!$%!(#$&"*4+, &0 /*$& "& %!(#$*(& /"'/ +/'&(#&$/'$/ "#&$*!$ / 0/ '&(#&$/'$/ )&/'!&+%&+)*)! )&0 %!(3"'*30&, ; 0/ %!(3"'*4+

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CICLOS TERMODINÁMICOS-MINAS.pptx

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