Inteligencia Emocional Aplicada en Dificultades de Aprendizaje

8/13/2019 Inteligencia Emocional Aplicada en Dificultades de Aprendizaje

1/489


2/489


3/489

Inteligencia emocional aplicadaa las dificultades de aprendizaje

Experiencias positivas de intervencin

educativa y superacin

Presentacin:

M Jos Catal Verdet

Consellera de Educacin, Cultura y Deporte

de la Comunidad Valenciana

Prlogo:

Beatriz Gasc Enrquez

Directora General de Innovacin, Ordenacin y

Poltica Lingstica

Coordinacin:

Agustn Caruana Va

Asesor del CEFIRE de Elda


4/489

Edita:

GENERALITAT VALENCIANA

Conselleria dEducaci, Cultura i Esport - 2013

ISBN: 878-84-482-5869-9

Depsito Legal: V-2637-2013

Produccin Grfica: AZORN, Servicios Grficos Integrales

Diseo grfico portada:Vladimir Monz Gol

e-mail: [email protected]

Diseo y maquetacin: Rafael Ban

De los autores sobre la parte literaria y de la Conselleria dEducaci de

la presente edicin.

Se puede acceder a la versin en PDF de este libro en la seccin de publi-

caciones de laBiblioteca Virtual del CEFIRE de Elda, www.lavirtu.com

Direccin de contacto:Agustn Caruana Va. Asesor del CEFIRE de Elda

San Crispn, 14. 03600 Elda. Email: [email protected].


5/489

3

Relacin de autores

!"#$%&' )*+#*'* ,*-./ !"#$"% '( )'*+#+(,- .+#'(#+,*" '( /0+#"1"23,- )40$'% '(/0+#"1"23, *' 1, 5,16*- 70'0"% *'1 89:;,%$,C'($" *' R%+'($,#+F(@ ;95 ., )'1B, *' 91*,@ 71+#,($'- 9C,+1D#,%C'(%'+(,16SEJ"$C,+1-#"C

)123* ;*+0&* )+19*%+C,%+,- 89;/ M'(X,C3( M'(11"#J-),(+0'0@ Q,1'(#+,- 9C,+1D J'1'(6Y+JEJ"$C,+1-#"C

?21'* 45'#+,1- 70'0"%, *'1 89:;I6$+#,- !"#$"%, '( /0+#"1"?23,- 9C,+1D +"1,(*,-$"%%"E2C,+1-#"C


6/489

4

E$*F12 =1'I6$+#,@ #"1'2+" 5,( 7260$3(@ 71+#,($'- /%"=-

G#*' !2F1+5 !2*+05/ .+#'(#+,*" '( /'*,2"23,- /0+#">'*,2"2"- !97 !'>,%$,C'(?$" *' /0+#"1"23, *' 1, 5,16*- _,Z+('$' /0+#">'*,2F2+#" )6(+#+>,1- 70>'@ 71+?#,($'- 9C,+1D X6,(,1Z'%"B+E2C,+1-#"C

:30+#"1"23,- /%"='0"%, *' R%+'($,#+F( 9*6?

@K M525+1$ D1+'L',%$,C'($" *' /0+#"1"?

23, *' 1, 5,16*@ A(+B'%0+*,* *' 71+#,($'- 9C,+1D C,%+,*"1"%'0-='%(,(*'SE6,-'0

@K D+*'03$0* 732


7/489

5

@K G5$J ;*+0&* =L++*"*/ /0+#">'*,2"2,- /%"='0"%, *' >%+C'% #+#1" '*6#,#+F( +(?=,($+1- 90#6'1, +(=,($+1 V 9(,(+$"0 /)9;@ 71+#,($'- 9C,+1D C,%+,X"0'-2,%#+,$EJ"$?C,+1-#"C

@K G5$J 8+*I6$+#, T 1+#'(#+,*, '( /0+#"?1"23,- /%"='0"%, *' R%+'($,#+F( 9*6#,$+B,- ;95 8,C> *' G6%+,@ .1+%+,@ Q,1'(#+,-9C,+1D C,%+,X"0'>%,*,0E2C,+1-#"C

@K 8*A 8*NL =1'A*/ .+#'(#+,*, '( /0+#"1"23,- /0+#F1"2, *'1 0'%B+#+" '0>'#+,1+S,*"*' ,$'(#+F( , C'("%'0 '( 0+$6,#+F( *' %+'02" " #"( C'*+*,0 X6%3*+#,0 *' >%"?$'##+F(@ T 060 =,C+1+,0 a597:;b *'1 9W#C"- 7T6($,C+'($" *' `"B'1*,@ 71+#,($'-9C,+1D >,S>,1,60E2C,+1-#"C

.+#'(#+,*, '( /0+#"1"23,@ )"(FB,%@ 71+#,($'- 9C,+1DC,*,Z1>EJ"$C,+1-#"C

.+#'(#+,*, '( /0+#"1"23,- )40$'% '( /0+#"1"23, 813(+#,-/%"='0"%, *' R%+'($,#+F( 9*6#,$+B,@ ;95 H,+C' *' 5,($ c(2'1@ '*,?2"23,- !'>,%$,C'($" *' /0+#"1"23, *' 1, 5,16*@ A(+B'%0+*,* *' 71+#,($'- 9C,+1D(,$,1+,-,1Z,1,*'X"E6,-'0

>3161$ ;593$ I126*- !%,- >"% 1, A(+B'%0+*,* 71+#,($'@ 4%', *' /0+#"1"23, 9B"16$+B,-

.+#'(#+,*, '( /'*,2"23,- ),'0$%, *' 9*6#,#+F( ;(=,($+1 T /%+C,%+,- 70'0"%, *'189:;,%$,C'($" *' /0+#"1"23, 9B"16$+B, T!+*4#$+#, *' 1, A7- 9C,+1D (+'B'0-2"C+0E2C,+1-#"C


8/489

6

.+#'(#+,*, '( /'*,2"23,- 70'0"%, *'1 89:;,1"C,0+11,E2C,+1-#"C

.+#'(#+,*, '( /0+#"1"23,- /%"='0"%, *' R%+'($,#+F( 9*6#,?

.+#'(#+,*, '( /0+#"1"23,- /%"='0"%, *' R%+'($,#+F( 9*6#,? #"C

4*O2 8*+1P5 ;*+0&*/ !+>1"C,*" '( ),2+0$'%+" *' 9*6#,#+F( /%+C,%+,@ T 1+#'(#+,*"'( /0+#">'*,2"23,- 89;/ M'%$"C'6 .1"%'(0 + %"='0"%,*' R%+'($,#+F( 9*6#,$+B,@ ;(0>'##+F( 9*6#,$+B, *' 71+#,($'- 9C,+1D C,%$+('S[0+?1,C"E2B,-'0

=1+1$* 85A5 4305/ .+#'(#+,*, '( /0+#"1"23,-/%"='0"%, ? $6$"%, *'1 _%,*" '( /0+#"?1"23, A`9!@ R($+(T'($- 9C,+1D $>"S"E"($+(T'($-6('*-'0-

,301'%1 8*259*+ I*26*


9/489

7

ndice

72%,*'#+C+'($"0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

/%'0'($,#+F( - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

/%F1"2"- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Artculos tericos y estudios - - - - - - -

!"#$%&' )*+#*'* ,*-.

8'%'Z%" T ,>%'(*+S,X' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

/0 12$3$ 4.526 1#26

/'(0,(*" '( #1,B' *' %'* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

/*"7*82'* 98*':; /*#+* 4#:&* 98*':;


10/489

8

Experiencias colectivas de centro y de aula^,Z1,C"0 *' *6'1" - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

)*+H2' Q2='* 4=+=; ? /2+:272$ A;++2$ '%0>'#$+B, >"0+$+B, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

/%">6'0$, *' +($'%B'(#+F( =%'($' , 1"0 >%"Z1'C,0 *' *+0#+>1+(, '( ef *' 95R -

G=728 B*J*++; N*+:&*

Experiencias individuales7#"0" '0#"1,% '( >%+C'%" *' 1, 95R- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I=8J=* /*+%&'26 !H;+.$

!"#$%#&''"()*'( '1 #"($'W$" '0#"1,% - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

O82'* Q;7+&"#26 4.526

71$,0 #,>,#+*,*'0 '( 9*6#,#+F( /%+C,%+, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -eeU

A2+2$* ,#+*,*'0 '( 9*6#,#+F( 5'#6(*,%+, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - eeL

A2+2$* ,%,#+F( '( 9*6#,#+F( ;(=,($+1 - - - - - - - - -

/0 );'$#28; ,=:2'% )*%*8@> );'$#28; A+*':; B*J*++; ? !J28=';

R;$%*82%


11/489

9

/,%41+0+0 #'%'Z%,1 +(=,($+1 T 1"0 0+0$'C,0 ,1$'%(,$+B"0 *' #"C6(+#,#+F(- - - - -

Q*38


12/489


13/489

11

Agradecimientos

g ?$%+Z6+*" ,1 (,#+C+'($" *' '0$' 1+Z%"-7 1, 8"(0'11'%, *' 9*6#,#+F( 861$6%, T !'>"%$' @*+&* G5$J )*%*2S ,1+"% *' '0$, 8"(0'11'%+,-

7 !+%'#$"%, _'('%,1 *' ;(("B,#+F(@ R%*'(,#+F( T /"13?$+#, .+(2h30$+#,@ >"% 06 ,>"T" T ,>"%$,#+F( ,1 '0#%+Z+% '1 *"#6C'($,*" >%F1"2" *'1, C+0C,-

! G5$J )*'%. !25'$5T H'=' 0' 5'%B+#+" *' :"%C,#+F( *'1 /%"='0"%,*" T ,1 >'%0"?(,1 *'1 C+0C" >"% 06 #"C>%'(0+F( T 'W#'1'($' ,#"2+*, ,1 >%"T'#$"- /"% '1 "=%'? *' $"*" '1 >%"='0"%,*" *' (6'0$%, 8"C6(+*,*-

71 *+%'#$"% *'1 89:;61?

7 1"0 ,0'0"%'0 T #"C>,N'%"0 *'1 89:;"% 430*+3161$ ;593$ I126*>"% ,2*"%$,*, *'1 1+Z%"-

7 D3*6*++5 ;*+0&* >"% 06 ,C+0$,* T ,>"T"@ >"% '0$,% >%'0'($' #"( 060 ">+(+"('0 T 062'%'(#+,0 0+'C? #"C'($,%+"0 T >6($6,1+S,#+"('0 , C+ ,%$3#61"@ %',1+S,*"0 >"% C+0 ,C+2"0 T #"C>,?N'%"0G5$J :*P*+* :*P*+*@ ?21'* 45,%, 06Z?


14/489

12

'W+2'(#+,0 '( ,0>'#$"0 ="%C,1'0- ^' $%,$,*" *' "%+'($,% 06 'W$%,"%*+(,%+" $,1'($">,%, 1"2%,% 6(, "Z%, %',1C'($' #"1'#$+B,@ #"( 6( #1,%" T #"J'%'($' J+1" #"(*6#$"%-

?

=,C+1+,%'0@ ,C+0$,*'0@ '$#-@ #6T, #"C>,N3, T >%'0'(#+, +16C+(, (6'0$%,0 B+*,0- $+'C>" *' "#+"-

!"#$%&' )*+#*'* ,*-.,'/06 .7-%$ /$ 89:;


15/489

13

Presentacin

G%,0 6(, *+1,$,*, 'W>'%+'(#+, '( '1 #,C>" *' 1"0 >%"2%,C,0 *' '*6#,#+F('C"#+"(,1 T >%'B'(#+F( *' 1, B+"1'(#+, T *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, '( '1

J,#+, '*6#,#+F( '( 1, *+B'%0+*,* *'0*' 1, >'%0>'#$+B, *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, T1, +($'1+2'(#+, 'C"#+"(,1@ >,%$+#61,%C'($' *'0$+(,*" , C"0$%,% C"*'1"0 *' 06>'?

? '($%'2, *' 1"0 ,6$"%'0 , 06>'%,% #"C>1'X"0 "Z0$4#61"0 *' '0$6*+,($'0 *+='%'($'0@ 6( #1,%" 'X'C>1" *' >%"='0+"(,1+*,* +($'1+2'($' 26+,*, >"% 0'($+C+'($"0 $,( >"?0+$+B"0 #"C" '1 ,C"% , '0"0 '0$6*+,($'0 #"( ('#'0+*,*'0 '*6#,$+B,0 '0>'#+,1'0-

., *+B'%0+*,*@ $"*, *+B'%0+*,*@ 0"#+,1@ >'%0"(,1@ =30+#, " >0+#"1F2+#,@ *+C'(0+F( ? (" *'%+B' '( *'0+26,1*,*- 7 '0$' "ZX'$+B" 0' #"(0,2%, 6(, "Z%, =6(*,C'($,*, ? ? ,1+C'($,%+"0@ *' 1'(26,X'@ *' #"C6(+#,#+F( T *' *'0,%%"11" '($%' "$%"0b-

060 >42+(,0 , ,Z"%*,% 1, '*6#,#+F( *' 1, *+B'%0+*,*@ #"( +($'1+2'(#+, 'C"#+"(,1@*' C,('%, %+26%"0, T #"C" 0,$+0=,##+F( >'%0"(,1 T >%"='0+"(,1@ '( #1,B' *' +26,1? ?(' >,%, $"*, 1, #"C6(+*,* '*6#,$+B, T '1 =6$6%" *' (6'0$%, #+6*,*,(3,-

@K G5$J )*%*2S ,1+


16/489


17/489

15

Prlogo

)' 06>"(' 6(, 2%,( 0,$+0=,##+F( >%"1"2,% '1 1+Z%" @)-$'(*$)7(0 $A.7(.)0' *' /'*%" 8+B'%, 8"1"C, T 1, #""%*+(,#+F( *' 7260$3( 8,%6,(, Q,NF-

90$, (6'B, >6Z1+#,#+F( 06>"(' #"(0"1+*,% 6( $%,Z,X" *' C6#J"0 ,N"0@ #"( C6T ? ? 1, #"C6(+*,* '*6#,$+B,@ *'($%" T =6'%, *' 90>,N,@ 2%,#+,0 , 06 *+=60+F( '( ;($'%?('$ a'( 1, M+Z1+"$'#, Q+%$6,1 *' ,%+#+F( *' >6Z1+#,#+"('0 *' $'C4$+#,0 *' ,#$6,1+*,* T ("B'*"0,0@ >'%"

91 $%,Z,X" '0 >%"?*6#$" *'1 '0=6'%S" *' 6( ,C>1+" 2%6>" *' *"#'($'0 *' *+B'%0"0 (+B'1'0@ >%"#'*'(?#+,0 T '0>'#+,1+*,*'0@ X6($" #"( >,*%'0 T C,*%'0 *' ,16C("0 '( ,126(" *' 1"0 #,0"0 ?

*' 1"0 C40 +C>"%$,($'0 %'$"0 >1,($',*"0 , (6'0$%" 0+0$'C, '*6#,$+B"- 8"(0'26+% ?

7260$3( 8,%6,(, Q,NF '0 >%"='0"% *' "%+'($,#+F( '*6#,$+B,@ *"#$"% '( )'*+#+(, T1+#'(#+,*" '( /0+#"1"23,- .1'B, *'0'C>'N,(*" =6(#+"('0 *' ,0'0"% *' ="%C,#+F(

?0+$,%+"@ *' #,%4#$'% >%4#$+#"@ Z,0,*,0 '( '1 $%,Z,X" #"1,Z"%,$+B"@ $,1'0 #"C"D B%.C


18/489

16

*%0A0 /$ ,/&707(=) ,A.7(.)0' " B%$D$)7(=) /$ '0 E(.'$)7(0 9W$%,"%*+(,%+" *'1 8"(0'11'% *' 9*6#,#+F( *' 1, _'('%,1+$,$ Q,1'(#+,(, '( eUUV@F?'(707(.)$2 ,/&70-(D02 /$ '0 B2(7.'.*G0 B.2(-(D0T !&'-(D0)/. ,A.7(.)$2H ,/&70C7(=) $A.7(.)0' /$ ; 0 I 01.2- G"*,0 '11,0 ,##'0+Z1'0@ , $'W$" #"C>1'$" '( ="%C,$"

'1'#$%F(+#"@ '( 1, 0'##+F( *' >6Z1+#,#+"('0 *' 1, M+Z1+"$'#, Q+%$6,1 *'1 89:;%"T'#$"0 *' +(B'0$+2,#+F( '*6#,$+B,,>1+#,*,@ ,#$6,(*" #"C" #,$,1+S,*"% *' 1, =%6#$3='%, 6(+F( '($%' >%"='0"%,*" *' C+W$"0 ' +($'%*+0#+>1+(,%'0 *' $%,Z,X"- 7#$6,1C'($'@ >%"C6'B' *"0 +(B'0$+2,#+"('00"Z%' 7"#$%#&''"()*H

8"C" 0'N,1F H6,( Q,'11" '( '1 >%F1"2" *' 6(, >6Z1+#,#+F( >%'B+, '0$,C"0 ,($' ?$%4(*"("0 6( #,C+(" , 0'26+%D +160+F(@ 6(, Z6'(, #""%*+(,#+F(@ "ZX'$+B"0 #1,%"0 T'0=6'%S"- ."0 %'061$,*"0 '0$4( ,J3D 1"0 *+='%'($'0 2%6>"0 ="%C,*"0 '( $"%(" ,1 89?:;'%+'(#+,0 #"1'#$+B,0 *' #'($%" T *' ,61,- ., ?

9( 1, >%+C'%, 0'##+F( (" =,1$,( 1,0 ,>"%$,#+"('0 *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, T *' 1,('6%"#+'(#+,- 703@ '1 #,>+3$61" '0 6(, Z%'B' +($%"*6##+F( ,1,>,0+"(,($' C6(*" *' 1, ('6%"#+'(#+, '( '1 #,C>" *' 1, '*6#,#+F(@ #"( 1, +($'(?

2,(,0 *' 0'26+% ,>%'(*+'(*"- ;(#16T'@ ,0+C+0C"@ 6(, ,#$6,1+S,*, %'B+0+F( *'1 $'C,

9*6#,% , 1"0 (+N"0 >,%, >'(0,% T ,#$6,% *' ="%C, I$+#,C'($' #"%%'#$, '( 6(" *' 1"0,0>'#$"0 +C>"%$,($'0 , $'('% '( #6'($, '( 1, '*6#,#+F( *'1 #,%4#$'%- 90$" 06>"('+(#16+% 1, $%,(0C+0+F( *' B+%$6*'0 " ="%$,1'S,0 >'%0"(,1'0@ %'#"("#'% T *'0,%%"11,% %'?1,#+"('0 ,='#$+B,0 ' +(=6(*+% ,='#$" T $'C,0 'C"#+"(,1'0 T %'1,#+"(,1'0 '( '1 #6%%3#6?1" '0#"1,%- 91 ,%$3#61" +($%"*6#$"%+" *'1 #""%*+(,*"% *' 1, "Z%, 0+26' '( '0$, 13(', *'

$%,Z,X" 0+$6,(*" '( 6( 162,% >%''C+('($' '1 *'0,%%"11" *' 1, +($'1+2'(#+, 'C"#+"(,1, $%,BI0 *' 1, '*6#,#+F( 'C"#+"(,1@ '( '1 C,%#" *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B,@ >,%, ,0'?


19/489

17

6(" *' 1"0 >%+(#+>,1'0 "ZX'$+B"0 *' 1, '*6#,#+F(-

., 0'26(*, 0'##+F( ,2%6>, +($'%'0,($'0 ,>"%$,#+"('0 >,%, ,=%"($,% 0+$6,#+"('0 *'

*6'1" ' +(*+0#+>1+(, '( 2%6>"0 *' ,*"1'0#'($'0@ "=%'#+'(*" ("B'*"0,0 T >%4#$+#,0 ?*"1,0 '( "#,0+"('0 *' ,>%'(*+S,X' T C,*6%,#+F( >'%0"(,1-

2'('%,1@ >,%, $"*" '1 #'($%"- G"*"0 1"0 ,%$3#61"0 $+'('( 1, C+0C, '0$%6#$6%, >,%, '0>'#+,1+0$,@ " +(#160" 0', ,X'(" ,1 C6(*" '*6#,$+B"D #"C+'(S,( >"% 6( %'1,$" +(? 0'26(*, >,%$' *"(*' 0' 'W>1+#,( *'$,11'0 $I#(+#"0 *'1 *+,2(F0$+#"@ ,03 #"C" 1,0,#$6,#+"('0 %'#"C'(*,Z1'0 , 0'26+% >,%, *,% 0,$+0=,#$"%+, %'0>6'0$, '*6#,$+B, ,'0$' $+>" *' ,16C(,*"-

'$#- *,%4( C6#J" X6'2" , 1"0 +($'%'0,*"0 '( '1 $'C,-

?*"0 =,#+1+$, '("%C'C'($' 1, 1'#$6%, *' 1"0 *+='%'($'0 #,0"0- ., >%'0'($,#+F( *' 1"0

060 #+%#6(0$,(#+,0 >'%0"(,1'0 T =,C+1+,%'0 %'061$, 6( %'#6%0" *' '("%C' ,$%,#$+B" ?$61"0 ,*'#6,*"0@ 0'(#+11"0 T 062'%'($'0@ T 1,0 >%">6'0$,0 *' ,#$6,#+F( '( $"*"01"0 4CZ+$"0 %'1'B,($'0@ '( '1 #'($%"@ '( '1 ,61,@ '( 1, =,C+1+, T #"( '1 +(*+B+*6"@ ,03 'W>'%+'(#+, >%">6'0$, >6'*' 0'% B,1"%,*, *' ,1$" (+B'1 *' +($'%I0 >0+#"'*6#,$+B"-

J,( *'#+*+*" 06C,%0' , '0$' C'%+$"%+" >%"T'#$" #"1'#$+B"@ ,03 #"C" ,1 89:;"% +($'%B'(+% '( '0$' 1,Z"%+"0">%"#'0" *' #%',#+F( T >"% ,>"%$,% 06 Z6'( J,#'% >,%, >"('% ,1 0'%B+#+" *'1 >%"?


20/489

18

='0"%,*"@ T *' $"*, 1, #"C6(+*,* '*6#,$+B,@ '0$, "Z%, %+26%"0, ' +(("B,*"%,@ ,1

>(%$7-.%0 J$)$%0' /$ @)).D07(=)6K%/$)07(=) " B.'G-(70 L()*MG2-(70


21/489


22/489

20

Inteligencia emocional aplicada a las dificultades de aprendizaje

B"1,%@ >'%"@ ,="%$6(,*,C'($'@ '11, (" 1" 0,Z']-

7(+C,*" >"% :+*'1@ T >"% $,($"0 +160$%'0 >%'*'#'0"%'0 '( 1, 6$+1+S,#+F( *' '0$'%'#6%0" >'*,2F2+#"@ *'#+*" J,#'%1' #,0" T@ %'Z60#,(*" '($%' C+0 1+Z%"0@ J' *,*" ?

C

R&7$/(= 3&$ 0 -%0DQ2 /$ &)0 7.A#()07(=) /$ 7(%7&)2-0)7(02 $' 4&$D. /$ &)

F 2& /$#(/. -($A?. )07(= $' ?(74=)6 -./0DG0 7.) '0 ?.-$)7(0'(/0/ ?0%0 D.'0%3&$ 2($A?%$ 40#G0 -$)(/.6 0&) /$2/$ '0 Q?.70 $) 3&$ 2$ 40''0#0 $) $' 4&$D.H

B.%3&$ ). 20#G0 7=A. $)2$10%'$ 0' ?(74=) 0 D.'0%6 )( 2(3&($%0 20#G0 7=A. 0%%.C

C 3&$ '. 40#G0 $A?.''0/.H

$)2$10%A$ 0 D.'0%H >$#$ /$ 2$% 2='. &)0 7&$2-(=) /$ -($A?.6 . /$ A(2 ?%.?(.2 2$%Q -%0)2?.%-0/. 0 '0 $-0?0 2(*&($)-$ ?.% 03&$' 3&$ A$ 40 -%0G/. 402-0 03&GHO

1,0 0+26+'($'0D

l >%"2%'0"-


23/489

21

Artculos tericos y estudios

l 11'B,% , #,Z" "$%,-

`" "Z0$,($'@ #"CZ+(,(*" 1, =%,0' *' :+*'1?`757 T '1 #6'($" 06=3@ B'C"0 *"0

?*,C'($,1D 1,0 #%''(#+,0@ T 06 %'1'B,(#+, '( '1 #"C>"%$,C+'($" *' 1,0 >'%0"(,0-

? ?#+"('0- .,0 'C"#+"('0 '(#,%(,( \#%''(#+,0]@ , C'(6*" C6T #"C>1'X,0@ ,#'%#, *' *+='%'(#+,% 6(,0 'C"#+"('0 *' "$%,0- !+='%'($'0 #%''(#+,0 11'B,( , *+0$+($,0 ="%C,0*' B,1"%,%@ " 'B,16,%@ 1,0 0+$6,#+"('0- 8"C" 0"0$+'(' .,S,%60 aeUUUb@ \,' -Q%A(). C7$/($)/.O

.,0 'C"#+"('0@ , 06 B'S@ *+%+2'( ' +C>610,( (6'0$%, #"(*6#$,- 5+( 'C"#+F( (" J,TC"$+B" aC"$+B,#+F(b@ (+ '('%23, a=6'%S,@ +C>610"K@ '$#-b >,%, ,#$6,%- 7J3 %'0+*' '1>"*'% *' 1,0 #%''(#+,0D *'$'%C+(,( 'C"#+"('0 T %'061$,( '( #"(*6#$,0-

06 =,1$, *' *+0'N" ,'%"*+(4C+#"@ 0+C>1'C'($'@ B6'1,- 56 #6'%>" (" '0$4 J'#J">,%, B"1,%@ >'%" 0+11 ? '5 0+11

*'0#6Z%+'(*" (6'B,0 =,#'$,0 ' +($'%>%'$,#+"('0 *' ,CZ,0 J+0$"%+'$,0-

:* 3'%123"1'03* N 2*$ 195035'1$

('#'0,%+,0@ ,*,>$,$+B,0]@ 0+ Z+'( >6'*'( %'061$,% ,2%,*,Z1'0 a>"0+$+B,0b " *'0,2%,?

$A.7(=) >%"B+'(' *'1 B'%Z" 1,$+(" A.D$%$


24/489

22


*,Z1'0 a('2,$+B,0@ >- 'X- '1 C+'*" '0 *'0,2%,*,Z1'@ >'%" >6'*' 0,1B,%("0 1, B+*, T ?

1+S, '( X6+#+"0 *' B,1"%- `" "Z0$,($'@ '0$,0 B,1"%,#+"('0 >6'*'( 0'% ,#'%$,*,0 a\+(? >%"#'*'( *' B,1"%,#+"('0 +(#"%%'#$,0@ '%%F(',0@ +(,>%">+,*,0@ '$#-

?C+#,C'($' a),T'% T 5,1"B'T@ eUUVb@ J,#' %'='%'(#+, , 6(, J,Z+1+*,* #"2(+$+B, *'>'%#+Z+%@ #"("#'% T %'261,% 1, 'C"#+"('0 >%">+,0 T ,X'(,0@ ,03 #"C" 06 +($'%%'1,?#+F( #"( 1"0 >'(0,C+'($"0 T 1, #"(*6#$,- 90$, =,#61$,* 0' ,$%+Z6T' , 1,0 >'%0"(,0@ ?$%6T' 06 B+*, 'C"#+"(,1@ '0$,Z1'#' 060 "ZX'$+B"0 B+$,1'0 T 060 ,#$6,#+"('0@ 0"Z%'+*',0 " >'(0,C+'($"0@ #%''(#+,0 #"%%'#$,C'($' =6(*,C'($,*"0@ ,#'%$,*"0@ T '(

91 #"C>%"C+0" T *'*+#,#+F( >'%0"(,1'0@ C40 ,114 *'1 '0$%+#$" #6C>1+C+'($" *' 060 ?>,N,( '( '0$' 1+Z%"@ , +(B"16#%,%0' *'#+*+*,C'($' '( $%,$,% *' 06>'%,% 1"0 #"C>1'?

X"0 "Z0$4#61"0 ,1 >%"#'0" *' '(0'N,(S,?,>%'(*+S,X' >%'0'($'0 '( 060 '0$6*+,($'00+(261,%'0- 90$"0 >%"='0+"(,1'0 0"( 6( #1,%" 'W>"('($' *' #FC" 1"0 B,1"%'0 J6C,? #%+0$,1+S,( '( #"C>"%$,C+'($"0 'C"#+"(,1 T >%"='0+"(,1C'($' +($'1+2'($'0-

@!4)H )H>)?8=X!:

91 $I%C+(" )$7$2(/0/$2 $/&70-(D02 $2?$7(0'$2 ?("#Y


25/489

23


#"( 1, ,T6*, ,*'#6,*,@ 1"0 >%"Z1'C,0 *' 1, C,T"%3, *' 1"0 (+N"0 0'%4( 0F1" ,T6*,-

., !'#1,%,#+F( *' 5,1,C,(#,

, $"*"0 1"0 (+N"0 T XFB'('0 #6T,0 ('#'0+*,*'0 0' *'%+B,( *' 06 #,>,#+*,*" *' 060 !7- )6#J"0 (+N"0 'W>'%+C'($,( !7 T $+'('( >"% 1" $,($" ('#'0+?

., .R9 ,16C(,*" #"( *+0#,>,#+*,*VT >%"Z1'C,0 *' #"(*6#$,D #"C" N03&$' 3&$ %$C C -%02-.%).2 *%0D$2 /$ 7.)/&7-0OH ?#" C40 ,C>1+" a`979b@ #"(#'>$"

? ?Z'%0' +(#"%>"%,*" $,%*' ,1 0+0$'C, '*6#,$+B"@ " >"% #"(*+#+"('0 >'%0"(,1'0" *' J+0$"%+, '0#"1,%m

?%+"%'0 '0$4( +(#16T'(*" 1, ('#'0+*,* *' #"C>'(0,#+F( *' *'0+26,1*,*'0 *'($%"

*' 1,0 `979-

#,>3$61" ;-

V .,0 >'%0"(,0 #"( /(270?07(/0/

06 >,%$+#+>,#+F( >1'(, T '='#$+B, '( 1, 0"#+'*,*@ '( +26,1*,* *' #"(*+#+"('0 #"( 1,0 *'C40a8"(B'(#+F( 0"Z%' 1"0 *'%'#J"0 *' 1,0 >'%0"(,0 #"( *+0#,>,#+*,* T >%"$"#"1" =,#61$,$+B"- 9(D


26/489

24


., 'W>%'0+F( ? ?

(+#+F( #1,%,@ >"% '1 0"1,>,C+'($" 'W+0$'($' '($%' 1"0 *+='%'($'0 $%,0$"%("0 T 1, ?

712" 0+C+1,% 06#'*' #"( 1, 'W>%'0+F( ,(21"0,X"(, \L$0%)()* /(20#('(-($2] a.!b aeUUVb #+NI(*"0' , 1, #,(,*+'(0' L$0%)()* >(20#('(-" F22.7(0-(.) ?C+(" #"C"D

#"C>%'(0+F( T 60" *' 1, +(="%C,#+F( B'%Z,1 T (" B'%Z,1- 90$"0 *'0F%*'('0 >%"C'*+" '( #,>,#+*,* *' %,S"(,C+'($" Ti" *' >'(0,C+'($"- /"% $,($" .! ? J,0$, '1 >6($" *' ,='#$,% , 6(" " C40 >%"#'0"0 %'1,#+"(,*"0 #"( '1 ,>%'(?*+S,X'- 90$"0 *'0F%*'('0 (" 0' *'Z'(@ *' ="%C, >%+C,%+,@ , >%"Z1'C,0 *'B+0+F( 6 "3*"@ =,#$"%'0 0"#+"'#"(FC+#"0@ *+='%'(#+,0 #61$6%,1'0 " 1+(2h30$+#,0@ #"( .!- .,0 .! >6'*'( #"'W+0$+% #"( "$%,0 #"(*+#+"('0@ >- 'X- $%,0$"%("0 *'

/"% 06 >,%$'@ ,6*' aeUULb %'#"("#' B,%+"0 C"*'1"0 >,%, #"(#'>$6,1+S,% 1,0 .! ?#"(FC+#,@ *+0#,>,#+*,* =30+#,@ =,#$"%'0 #"(*6#$6,1'0 T 'C"#+"(,1'0- 703@ >,%,

`,6*' 1,0 >'%0"(,0 #"( .!D

G+'('( 6(, +($'1+2'(#+, C'*+, " 06>'%+"% >'%" 'W+0$' 6( *'0=,0' '($%' '0, J,?Z+1+*,* T 060 1"2%"0 ,#,*IC+#"0- .,0 .! 0"( +($%3(0'#,0 ,1 (+N"i, T 0' ,06C' 'C"#+"(,1'0@ #"(*6#$6,1'0 Ti" *' 0"#+,1+S,#+F( >'%" (" #"(0$+$6T'( 1, #,60, *'


27/489

25


L C aG97b*'($%" *' 1"0 $%,0$"%("0 *'1 *'0,%%"11" ('6%"1F2+#"@ #"( 1"0 0+26+'($'0

#%+$'%+"0 *+,2(F0$+#"0D

7- 1, 1'#$6%,@ '0#%+$6%,@ ,%+$CI$+#,@ " '( 1,0 J,Z+1+*,*'0 *' %,S"(,C+'($"C,$'C4$+#" *6%,($' 1"0 ,N"0 *' '0#"1,%+S,#+F( a'0 *'#+%@ *6%,($' '1>'%3"*" *' *'0,%%"11"b-

M- 90$,0 J,Z+1+*,*'0 ,#,*IC+#,0 '0$4( C6T >"% *'Z,X" *'1 %,(2" >%"?C'*+" >,%, 06 '*,*@ 06 (+B'1 *' +($'1+2'(#+,@ 06 2%6>" #61$6%,1 " *'+*+"C,@ 06 0'W" " 06 (+B'1 *' '*6#,#+F(m

8- *'0,%%"11" +($'1'#$6,1@ %'$%,0" *'1 *'0,%%"11" 21"Z,1@ ('6%"1F2+#"@ 0'(?0"%+,1 aB+0+F(@ ,6*+#+F(b@ " , $%,0$"%("0 C"$"%'0-

!- ? ?

?' +1$#91'

?

? L$0%)()*>(20#('(-($2H

9( '0$' ,%$3#61" 6$+1+S,%I@ >%'='%'($'C'($'@ '1 $I%C+(" 2'(I%+#" !7 #"C" $I%C+(" L$0%)()* >(20#(C'(-($2 '1 "ZX'$+B" >%+(#+>,1 *' '0$' ,%$3#61"D >%"C"B'% 1, ,>1+#,#+F( '( ,16C(,*" #"(

!7 *' 1,0 ,>"%$,#+"('0 *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B,@ T ,03 #"($%+Z6+% , 6( 0+0$'C,


28/489

26


'*6#,$+B" (" *+0#%+C+(,$"%+"@ +(0>+%4(*"C' '( '1 '0>3%+$6 *' 1, !'#1,%,#+F( *'5,1,C,(#,-

5+26+'(*" 1"0 >1,($',C+'($"0 *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, T@ #"C" 0'N,1, !TY'(0

?#, #"( '0$' $+>" *' ,16C(,*"@ $"*"0 1"0 '0>'%,(S,*"%'0 ,B,(#'0 *' 1, >0+#"1"23, 1,0 >'%0"(,0 '( 2'('%,1 , $"C,% +C>610" T , 0'% ='1+#'0-

G"*"0 1"0 (+N"0 T (+N,0 $+'('( *'%'#J" , 6(, '*6#,#+F( *' #,1+*,* ,*,>$,*,>,%, 0,$+0=,#'% 060 ('#'0+*,*'0- !'Z'C"0 "=%'#'% 1, ">"%$6(+*,* *' *'0,%%"11,%#"C>'$'(#+,0 0"#+"'C"#+"(,1'0 T I$+#,0 '0>'#+,1C'($' , 1"0 C40 *'0=,B"%'#+*"0 ?

8IE)H:H;Y! 8HIE=E,! R ?MX)!)EZ>

., /0/"0 a/0+#"1"23, /"0+$+B,b >%"C6'B' '1 '0$6*+" *' 1,0 #,%,#$'%30$+#,0@ #"(? ., $%+(+*,* >"0+$+B, *' 1, /0/"0 0' #'($%,@ >,%, '1 1"2%" *' '0$, C+0+F(@ '( '1'0$6*+" T #61$+B" *' 1,0 'C"#+"('0 >"0+$+B,0@ *' 1"0 %,02"0 " #,%,#$'%30$+#,0+(*+B+*6,1'0 >"0+$+B,0 a=6'%S,0 *'1 #,%4#$'% " B+%$6*'0b T *' 1,0 +(0$+$6#+"('0>"0+$+B,0-

" *'X,% 0+( '='#$" '1 %'#"("#+C+'($"@ 2"#' " 'X'%#+#+"@ '( +26,1*,* *' #"(*+#+"('0@ *' $"*"01"0 *'%'#J"0 J6C,("0 T 1+Z'%$,*'0 =6(*,C'($,1'0 '( 1"0 4CZ+$"0 >"13$+#"@ '#"(FC+#"@ 0"#+,1@#61$6%,1@ #+B+1 " *' "$%" $+>"- ;(#16T' $"*,0 1,0 ="%C,0 *' *+0#%+C+(,#+F(@ '($%' '11,0@ 1, *'('2,#+F(*' ,X60$'0 %,S"(,Z1'0- a7%$3#61" ;- /%">F0+$"@ *' 1, *'#1,%,#+F( *' 1, R`A@ 0"Z%' 1"0 *' *'%'#J"0

1, '*6#,#+F(@ #"C" 6( *'%'#J" J6C,(" =6(*,C'($,1@ *'Z'%4 >"% $,($" J,#'% $"*,0 1,0

2,%,($+S,% , 1,0 >'%0"(,0 #"( *+0#,>,#+*,*@ $%,0$"%("0 *'1 ,>%'(*+S,X'@ " 0+$6,#+F( *' *'0B'($,X, ,#'>$,Z1' *' #"("#+C+'($"0-


29/489

27


91 >,>'1 *'1 *"#'($' '0$%+Z,@ , '0$' %'0>'#$"@ '( 6( ,%$' *' #"C,*%F(@ 0,Z+'(?*" 26+,% >,%, #61$+B,% 1, ,='#$+B+*,* >"0+$+B, %'0>'#$" *'1 >,0,*"@ >%'0'($' T=6$6%"@ >"0+Z+1+$,% '1 *+0=%6$' *' 1"0 0'($+C+'($"0 >"0+$+B"0 >%"#'*'($'0 *' 1,0 ?

$,1'S,0 #,%,#$'%30$+#,0@ T #,>,#+$,% >,%, 6$+1+S,% I0$,0 ,1 0'%B+#+" *' ,12" 06>%,?

l 9W>'%+'(#+,0 >"0+$+B,0-

l '%0"(,1'0 a81"(,(@ T #"10-@ ? 761,0 :'1+#'0@ Z1"20#"( '(1,#'0 , S07$#..TT UV(--$%@ '$#-b@ ,03 #"C" 'B+*'(#+,0'C>3%+#,0@ 0"Z%' +(0$+$6#+"('0 T "%2,(+S,#+"('0 >"0+$+B,0@ +(#16T'(*" #'($%"0 '*6#,? ?

[\

?$',(*" 1, #"(0'#6#+F( *'1 Z+'('0$,% aV$''C#$()*b #"C" '1 (6'B" "ZX'$+B" *' 1,>0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, T@ >,%, C'*+%1"@ 6$+1+S, '1 $I%C+(" :WH ^"j'1 aeUULb J,

5' >6'*' *'0#,%2,% 2%,$6+$,C'($' '(D J$$>Dii#,$'*6-'0i>0+#"1"2+,>"0+$+B,i

9*6#,#+F( >,%, 1, ='1+#+*,* J$$>Dii'*6='1*,-Z1"20>"$-#"C-'0 :1"6%+0JD :1"%'#'%@ >%"0>'%,%@ #%'#'%@ *'0,%%"11,%0'@ >%"2%'0,%@ 'B"16#+"(,%@ >'%='##+"(,%0'-

:1"6%+0J+(2D >%"0>'%+*,*@ >%"2%'0"@ #%'#+C+'($"@ *'0,%%"11"@ '$#-


30/489

28


#"C" 6( \'1'B,*" Z+'('0$,% 'C"#+"(,1@ >0+#"1F2+#" T 0"#+,1]- ?$'('% C'X"%'0 ("$,0@ %'6(3,( 6(, 0'%+' *' #,%,#$'%30$+#,0 " %,02"0 #"2(+$+B"0@ T *'

C"$+B,#+F( T 1, ,6$"%%'261,#+F( *'1 ,>%'(*+S,X'@ 'B+$,Z,( >"0>"('% 060 $,%',0 T"Z1+2,#+"('0 060$+$6TI(*"1,0 >"% "$%,0 C40 +%%'1'B,($'0 " ,2%,*,Z1'0@ $'(3,( C'?

/"% $,($"@ '1 "ZX'$+B" >%+(#+>,1 *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, '0 '1 *'0,%%"11" *' '0'

l $+C+0C"@ %'0+1+'(#+,@ B+$,1+*,*@ ,6$"*'?$'%C+(,#+F(@ %'1,#+"('0 >"0+$+B,0-

?%+C'%, #,60, *' +*',#+F( 06+#+*, '( '0$,0 '*,*'0 aJ$$>Diijjj-C'*0#,>'-"%2i


31/489

29


T *'#+*+*,C'($' >"$'(#+,*,- 5+ '1 0+0$'C, '*6#,$+B" \C,$,] 1, #%',$+B+*,*aQI,0' 1, #"(='%'(#+, G9!D L02 $27&$'02 A0-0) '0 7%$0-(D(/0/:XY@ *'0$%6T' 1,+($'1+2'(#+,@ >6'0 NL0 5.%A0 AP2 $'$D0/0 /$ ()-$'(*$)7(0 7.)2(2-$ $) ?$)20%

/$ 5.%A0 7%$0-(D0O

?2191'%5$ %'(*+S,X'- .,0 C'X"%'0 >%4#$+#,0 '(#"C>'$'(#+,0 0"#+"'C"#+"(,1'0 T I$+#,0 a8599b *'Z'( $'('% '( #6'($, 1"0

8H !.A?%.A(2.- 9($'(*+*" #"C" *'*+#,% $+'C>"@ '0=6'%S" T >,0+F( >,%, ,1#,(? ? @ 80+Y0S'($C+J,1T+@

XFB'('0 0"#+,1C'($' #"C>%"C'$+*"0@ +(B"16#%,*"0 '( ,#$+B+*,*'0 *' ,T6*, ,"$%,0 >'%0"(,0@ $+'('( (+B'1'0 C40 ,1$"0 *' Z+'('0$,% T C'X"%'0 1"2%"0 ,#,*I?

?*"0@ ='1+#'0@ >%"0"#+,1'0@ '0$,Z,( C40 0,$+0='#J"0 #"( 060 B+*,0@ 'W>%'0,Z,(C,T"% '='#$" >"0+$+B" T ,6$"'0$+C,@ ,*'C40 *' >%'0'($,% C'X"%'0 ("$,0 '(1"0 '0$6*+"0-

;H Z$'07(.)$2 ?.2(-(D02-86+*,% 1,0 %'1,#+"('0 T >%,#$+#,% 1, Z'('B"1'(#+, T 1, ,C,? '( >%"2%,C,0 >,%, *'0,%%"11,% J,Z+1+*,*'0 >'%0"(,1'0 T 0"#+,1'0 +C>1'C'($,?

*"0 =6'%, *'1 J"%,%+" '0#"1,%D C'X"% ,6$"?>'%#'>#+F(@ B+(#61,#+F( , 1, '0#6'1,@

J$$>Diijjj-$'*-#"Ci$,1Y0iY'([%"Z+(0"([0,T0[0#J""10[Y+11[#%',$+B+$T-J$C1


32/489

30


C'X"%'0 ("$,0 T "$%"0 1"2%"0 ,#,*IC+#"0@ 'W>%'0+F( *' #"(*6#$,0 0"#+,1'0>"0+$+B,0@ T >%'0'($,Z,( C'("0 >%"Z1'C,0 *' #"C>"%$,C+'($"- M6(*+#Y@ #"(*6#$, '( ,16C(,*" +C>1+#,*" '( ,#$+B+*,*'0 'W$%,'0#"1,%'0 0"#+,1'0 *'

B"16($,%+,*" " 1+*'%,S2"-

[H R$)-(/. /$ '0 D(/06 ?%.?=2(-.- 8"(#'Z+*" #"C" ,>'2"@ >'%$'('(#+, " '0$,% ,1 ? , "$%"0 #"C>"('($'0 *'1 Z+'('0$,% >0+#"1F2+#" a#%'#+C+'($" >'%0"(,1 T J,Z+1+?*,* >,%, '(#,X,% '( 1, 0"#+'*,*b@ 0' ,0"#+,%"( #"( ">$+C+0C" T ,6$"'0$+C, '( +($'%(" T 1, 'W$%,B'%0+F( >%'*'#3,( 06 0,$+0=,##+F( '( 1, B+*,-

WH ? b *' *' 1"0 #%+$'%+"0 *' IW+$" '( '1 $'%%'(" ,#,*IC+#" '0 1, #"(0'#6#+F( *'1 ,>%'(? ?*+"0 *' >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B,-

?,0+F( '( 1, >'%0'#6#+F( *' C'$,0 , 1,%2">1,S"@ +(C6(+*,* ,1 *'0,1+'($"- !6#Yj"%$J@ g6+(( T 5'1+2C,(@ aeUULb '(?

."0 ,6$"%'0 %'#"C+'(*,( 0'26+% '1 0'26+% '1 CI$"*" 57:9 a0'#6'(#+,*"@ ,#$+B"@ ="#,1+S,*" T'W>13#+$"b >,%, #"(0'26+% 1"0 C'X"%'0 %'061$,*"0 '( 1, +C>1'C'($,#+F( *' >%"2%,C,0 *' ^^55-

_%+$ '( +(21I0-


33/489

31


? ? *'Z'%3,( 0'% #"(0+*'%,*"0 $,CZ+I( '( 1, ="%C,#+F( *'1 >%"='0"%,*"-

?$"@ " '( #"(*+#+"('0@ *' >"*'% %',1+S,%- 9( 0'($+*" C6T ,C>1+" 1, =,1$, *' C"$+B,?#+F( '( 1"0 '0$6*+"0@ >"*%3, $,CZ+I(@ #"(0+*'%,%0' #"C" 6(, !7@ 6( "Z0$4#61" "Z,%%'%, ,1 ,>%'(*+S,X'@ *' (,$6%,1'S, >6%,C'($' >0+#"1F2+#, ?*'Z+*, ,1 #,%4#$'%? ? ?

#"C" 1, %'0+1+'(#+,- 5'%3, C6T Z6'(" 'W>1"%,%@ '( #,*, #,0"@ '1 ,6$I($+#" >'0" *' >'%0"(,1- 86,(*" 1, !7 0' *'Z' , %'$%,0" C'($,1 " *+0#,>,#+*,* +($'1'#$6,1 0'B'?%, '1 C,%2'( '0 C3(+C"@ >'%" #6,(*" 1,0 !7 0' *'Z'( , #+%#6(0$,(#+,0 'W$'%(,0 eU-

., %'0+1+'(#+, '0 6( '1'C'($" #'($%,1 '( '1 #"(#'>$" *' ?*"0 '*6#,$+B"0 T >0+#"1F2+#"0 $,1'0 #"C" *+0=%6$,% '( 1, '0#6'1,@ 1, C,T"% >,%$+#+>,? ? ?

*"0 '0$"0 '1'C'($"0 *'Z'%3,( 0'% $'(+*"0 '( #6'($,@ T ,*">$,%0' #"C" "ZX'$+B"0*' 6(, ,#'%$,*, '*6#,#+F( *'1 #,%4#$'%@ '0>'#+,1C'($' #"( ,16C(,*" #"( !7-

=6(#+"(,C+'($" F>$+C" *' 1, >'%0"(, T 1"0 *"#'($'0 ="%C,*"0 '( >0+#"1"23, >"?0+$+B, '0$4( '( 6(, 0+$6,#+F( +*F(', >,%, *+=6(*+% #"("#+C+'($" I$+#" aQ'11,?M%"? '0 "$%" *' 1"0 ,0>'#$"0 +C>"%$,($'0 '( 1, '*6#,#+F( *'1 #,%4#$'%-

eU


34/489

32


9( 2'('%,1 1"0 0+0$'C,0 '*6#,$+B"0 0"Z%'B,1"%,( '( 'W#'0" 1"0 %'061$,*"0 ,#,? ? ,6$"%'0 +(0+0$'( '( #%+$+#,% 1, C+">3, *' '0$,0 >"13$+#,0 *' B6'1" #"%$" a8"J'(

#,>,#+$,#+F( $I#(+#"?>%"='0+"(,1@ *'X,(*" "1B+*,*,0 1,0 #"C>'$'(#+,0 0"#+,1'0@ '#"(FC+#"] =%'($' , 1, '*6#,#+F( >,%, \'1 *'0,%%"11" J6C,("]@ %'(6(#+,(*"

9( %'06C'(@ >,%, 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, '1 #,%4#$'% '0 ?,1 C'("0? $,( +C>"%$,($'#"C" '1 +($'1'#$" " 1, #,>,#+*,* '( 1, #"(0'#6#+F( *' 1"2%"0 ,#,*IC+#"0 T *' 'W+0$'($' '($%' *'$'%C+(,*"0 %,02"0 *' >'%0"(,1+*,*@ +(#16+*"0 '( '1 #"(#'>$"*' %,02"0 #+$,*"0 a,6$"#"($%"1 T >'%0+0$'(#+,b *'Z'( #"(0$+$6+% '1 'X' #'($%,1 *' 6(,

:*$ ]5+%*21A*$ "(' '1 I(=,0+0 '( 1,0

0' '(0'N, , 1,0 >'%0"(,0 , #,>+$,1+S,% 060 ="%$,1'S,0 T , 0'% %'0+1+'($'0 T ">$+C+0$,0 a\_+C(,0+, *' :"%$,1'S,0]b #"(0+26+'(*" 6( ,6C'($" *' 1, 0,$+0=,##+F( B+$,1 T '1Z+'('0$,% '( ,*"1'0#'($'0-

91 Z+'('0$,% >6'*' '(0'N,%0' '( 1,0 ,61,0- k, 0' J,( *'0#%+$" 'W>'%+'(#+,0 #"(?#%'$,0 *' +(C'%0+F( $"$,1 *' 6( #'($%" '*6#,$+B" '( 1"0 >1,($',C+'($"0 *' 1, >0+?#"1"23, >"0+$+B, a_'%1"(2 _%,CC,% 5#J""1b- 91 B$)) Z$2('($)7" B%.*%0AJ, 0+*"

*+0'N,*" >"% 5'1+2C,( T #"1,Z"%,*"%'0 >,%, >%"C"B'% Z+'('0$,% '( XFB'('0 '('($"%("0 '*6#,$+B"0 +(#%'C'($,(*" 06 J,Z+1+*,* >,%, C,('X,% >%"Z1'C,0 #"$+?


35/489

33


%'*6#+% T >%'B'(+% 1"0 03($"C,0 *' *'>%'0+F(@ 1"0 (+B'1'0 #13(+#"0 *' ,(0+'*,* T

?>"%$,C+'($"0 %'1,#+"(,*"0 #"( 1, 0,16* aC'("0 03($"C,0 *' '(='%C'*,* =30+#,@C'("0 B+0+$,0 ,1 CI*+#"@ C'X"% *+'$,@ C40 'X'%#+#+"b-

?'0$,%D 6$+1+S,(*" (6'0$%,0 C'X"%'0 ="%$,1'S,0 $'('C"0 C40 'C"#+"('0 >"0+$+B,0@

?1,#+"(,*,0- G"*,0 '11,0 *' 'W$%,"%*+(,%+, +C>"%$,(#+,@ $,($" '( '1 >1,(" *'1 ,1$, >%'B,1'(#+, *' $%,0$"%("0 C'($,1'0 '( XFB'('0 #"( !7- 9($%' '1 KU T '1 ? +C>"%$,($'0 #"(0'#6'(#+,0- 8"C" C6'0$%, 6( '0$6*+" 1"(2+$6*+(,1@ #"( 6(0'26+C+'($" *' KK ,N"0@ 1"0 J"CZ%'0 *+,2("0$+#,*"0 *' G!7^#6,(*" '%,( >'"% 0+$6,#+F( '#"(FC+#,@ '*6#,$+B,@ "#6>,#+"(,1 T 0"#+,1@ C,T"%'0 $,0,0 *'*+B"%#+"@ C,T"% =%'#6'(#+, *' >'%0"(,1+*,* ,($+0"#+,1@ *' 60" *' 060$,(#+,0@C40 J"0>+$,1+S,#+"('0 T '(#,%#'1,C+'($"0ee@ '$#-

?$,(#+, *' 1, %'1,#+F( '($%' Z+'('0$,% T >0+#">,$"1"23,eK'( 1, >%'*+##+F( *'1 #"C?

ee

eK ."0 +(B'0$+2,*"%'0 #"(*6#$6,1'0 J,( '0$,Z1'#+*" *"0 2%,(*'0 ="%C,0 *' 'W>%'0+F( *' 1"0 (+N"0 #"( '0$' >,$%F( 0' %'>1+'2,( 0"Z%' 03 C+0C"0 #6,(*" ,>,%'#'( 1"0 '0$%'0"%'0@ '( B'S

*' >%"Z1'C,0@ #"(*6#$, +(=%,?#"($%"1,*,D 1"0 (+N"0 #"( '0$' >,$%F( *+%+2'( 06 #"(*6#$, J,#+,'1 'W$'%+"%@ J,#+, "ZX'$"0@ >'%0"(, " '1 '($"%("@ >- 'X- #"(*6#$, ,2%'0+B,@ 0,1$,%0' 1,0 ("%C,0@J+>'%,#$+B+*,*@ '$#-


36/489

34


>"%$,C+'($"@ T *' 1"2%"0 ,#,*IC+#"0@ '( KUU '0$6*+,($'0 *' '(0'N,(S,0 C'*+,0- C,$'C4$+#,0 0' '(#"($%,%"( '( '0$6*+,($'0 #"( >6($6,#+"('0 C'*+,0 " ,1$,0 '(Z+'('0$,% X6($" #"( Z,X"0 (+B'1'0 *' >0+#">,$"1"23,- ., 0"1, ,60'(#+, *' >0+#"?

>,$"1"23, (" '%, '1 C'X"% >%'*+#$"% *' >"0$'%+"% =6(#+"(,C+'($" ,#,*IC+#"@ 1,>%'0'(#+, *' Z+'('0$,% +(#%'C'($,Z, '1 IW+$"- 91 >'"% =6(#+"(,C+'($" '0#"1,%@#"(0+*'%,(*" #"(X6($,C'($' 1,0 ("$,0 T 1,0 =,1$,0 *' ,0+0$'(#+,@ 1" '(#"($%,%"( '(,16C(,*" #"( >%"Z1'C,0 *' 0,16* C'($,1- ."0 (+N"0 #"( ,(0+'*,* " *'>%'0+F($+'(*'( , 'B+$,% 1, '0#6'1,@ 0+'(*" 1, ,(0+'*,* 6( +C>"%$,($' =,#$"% *' %+'02" *',Z0'($+0C"- ."0 (+N"0 ,2%'0+B"0 " J+>'%,#$+B"0 >%'0'($,%"( 1"0 >'"%'0 1"2%"0 ,#,?*IC+#"0 a>'"%'0 ("$,0b@ C,T"% ,Z0'($+0C" T >%"Z1'C,0 *' #"(*6#$, T *+0#+>1+(,-

/"% "$%" 1,*"@ ,6$"%'0 #"C" ,6*' aeUULb ,1'%$,( *' 1, 2%,( #,($+*,* ' +($'(0+*,* *' +($'%B'(#+F( '( 1,0 !7 a$,($" '( =,C+1+,%'0 #"C" '( 1"0 >%">+"0 #J+#"0bD 0J"#Y@#61>,@ ,(0+'*,*@ ,+01,C+'($" %'#J,S"@ C+'*"@ =%,#,0"- /"% $,($"@ 1"0 (+N"0 #"( !70"( 6( 2%6>" *' %+'02" *' >%"Z1'C,0 >0+#"1F2+#"0 T #"(*6#$6,1'0@ (" 0F1" >"%1,0 >%">+,0 !7@ " '1 $%,0$"%(" 06ZT,#'($' #6,(*" 1" J,T@ 0+(" >"% 1"0 ,1$"0 (+B'1'0 #"1'2+" >6'*' 0'% 6( +C>"%$,($' '0$%'0"% >,%, '11"0- !'0*' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, ?2" 0"( 060 ="%$,1'S,0@ T 1,0 *'Z'%3,C"0 >"$'(#+,% T *'0,%%"11,% *'0*' '1 0+0$'C,'*6#,$+B"-

E'%1+61'3+ 25 *'%1$ B5$3F21

91 Z+'('0$,% #"C" C'$, '*6#,$+B, *'Z'%3, '0$,% >%'0'($' *'0*' '1 #"C+'(S" *'1, '0#"1,%+S,#+F( '( 9*6#,#+F( ;(=,($+1@ +(#160" ,($'0- !+B'%0"0 '0$6*+"0 062+'%'(+C>1,($,%1, $,( >%"($" #"C" 0', >"0+Z1' '( '1 #6%0" *'1 *'0,%%"11" a5J"%$@ eUUV@

?*"0 >"0+$+B"0 T 0"( Z,0' T =6(*,C'($" *' "$%,0 J,Z+1+*,*'0 >"0+$+B,0-

$3>+#,0 *' 1, +(=,(#+,@ #"C" #"(0'#6'(#+, *' 'W>'%+'(#+,0 *' C,1$%,$" #"( 6(, ?

?$%,%"( ,Z6(*,($'0 %'1,#+"('0 >"0+$+B,0 '($%' 'C>,$3, >"0+$+B,@ #"C>'$'(#+, 0"#+,1


37/489

35


T =6(#+"(,C+'($" 0"#+"'C"#+"(,1 '( (+N"0 *' $%'0 ,N"0 T C'*+"- :+(,1C'($'@ 5J+( %'1,#+"(F #"C" C,T"% ,#'>$,#+F( *' 1"0 *'C40 (+N"0@ C,T"% ,$'(#+F( B+06,1 >"%>,%$' *' 1"0 #"C>,N'%"0@ C,T"% =%'#6'(#+, *' +(+#+,#+F( *' +($'%,##+"('0 >"0+$+?

B,0 T C'X"% ,X60$' '0#"1,% aB,1"%,*" >"% '1 C,'0$%"b-

8$30525"&* B5$3%36* 1' *2#9'*%'(*+*,@ >'%#'>#+F( ('2,$+B, *'1#"($%"1 T =%,#,0" '0#"1,%- ., >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, 0' #'($%, '( 'C"#+"('0 >"0+$+B,0@%,02"0 >'%0"(,1'0 >"0+$+B"0 T '($"%("0 >"0+$+B"0- ."0 ,B,(#'0 '( 1, >0+#"1"23, >"?0+$+B, 0"( >'%='#$,C'($' ,>1+#,Z1'0 , '0$' $+>" *' ,16C(,*" T (" J,T %,SF( ,126(,>,%, (" >%"C"B'% +(B'0$+2,#+"('0 ' +($'%B'(#+"('0 '( '0$, *+%'##+F(-

., >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, $,CZ+I( J, >6'0$" '1 I(=,0+0 '( 1,0 ="%$,1'S,0 J6C,(,0 T '('1 Z+'('0$,% T 'C>1,S, , +(B'0$+2,*"%'0 T '*6#,*"%'0 , +C>1'C'($,% 1,0 ="%$,1'S,0T #,>,#+*,*'0 *' 1,0 >'%0"(,0 #"( *+0#,>,#+*,*@ >,%, ">$+C+S,% 06 =6(#+"(,C+'(?$" '( 1, B+*, T >%"C"B'% 06 Z+'('0$,%@ ,#'($6,(*" 1, #"(0$%6##+F( *' #6,1+*,*'0 ?(,0 a*'0,%%"11,%0' T >%"2%'0,%@ #'($%4(*"0' '( 1,0 ="%$,1'S,0 *' 1"0 (+N"0 '0 >"0+Z1' +(#%'C'($,% 060 ">"%$6(+*,?

? >"0+$+B"@ T '0$" 0' #"(0+26' #%',(*" +($'%,##+"('0 >"0+$+B,0 '($%' 1"0 C+'CZ%"0

*' 1, +(0$+$6#+F(- A( 'W#'1'($' CI$"*" >,%, #%',% '0' $+>" *' %'1,#+"('0 '0 +(#%'?C'($,% '1 (+B'1 *' +($'%#,CZ+" *' '1"2+"0 B'%Z,1'0- 5,jY,?)+11'% T )+11,% aeUUVb %'061$,*"0 #"C" '0$6*+,($'0@ ,03 #"C" C,T"% +C>1+#,#+F( T #"C>%"C+0" ,#,*I? >%">"%#+F( +*',1 >,%, #"(0'26+% 6( Z6'( #1+C, T 6(, C'X"%, *'1 =6(#+"(,C+'($"

1"#60 *' #"($%"1@ ,6$"?*'$'%C+(,#+F( T 0,$+0=,##+F( '( 1, B+*, '( ,*"1'0#'($'0#"( " 0+( *+0#,>,#+*,* #"2(+$+B,- 560 %'061$,*"0 06Z%,T,( 1, +C>"%$,(#+, *'


38/489

36


C'("0 ">"%$6(+*,*'0 *' ,>%'(*'% 1,0 J,Z+1+*,*'0 ('#'0,%+,0 >,%, ,6$"%%'261,%06 ,>%'(*+S,X' T 06 #"(*6#$,@ 0' 0+'($'( >0+#"1F2+#,C'($' *'0,6$"%+S,*"0@ $+'?('( C'("0 ">"%$6(+*,*'0 *' 'X'%#'% #"($%"1 0"Z%' 06 '($"%(" T 0' >'%#+Z'( ,03 C+0C"0 #"C" C'("0 #,>,#'0 *' 6$+1+S,% '0$%,$'2+,0 C'($,1'0 >,%, ,1#,(S,%

060 C'$,0-

C'($,1 0' #'($%'( '( 1"0 '0$,*"0 +($'%("0 T >"0+$+B"0D ='1+#+*,*@ ,1'2%3,@ '0>'%,(? ? ? C,T"%'0 T C'X"%'0 (+B'1'0 *' Z+'('0$,%D

! ?>'%,(S,b@ " J,#+, '1 >,0,*" a>- 'X- 2%,$+$6*bn

! ?S,0n

! 9( 2'('%,1 1,0 >'%0"(,0 C40 ='1+#'0 T ">$+C+0$,0 0"( C40 0,(,0@ B+B'(C40 $+'C>"@ T 6$+1+S,( 06 '0$,*" >"0+$+B" >,%, =,#+1+$,% T 'W>,(*+% 060J,Z+1+*,*'0 *' 0"16#+F( *' >%"Z1'C,0 T *' ,>%'(*+S,X'- o5' >6'*'( *,%'0$,0 B'($,X,0 '( >'%0"(,0 #"( %'$%,0" C'($,1n

! o:6(#+"(,%3,( '( '11"0 1,0 +($'%B'(#+"('0 *+0'N,*,0 >,%, +(#%'C'($,% 1"0'0$,*"0 >"0+$+B"0n

!

? #"( *+0#,>,#+*,*n

! :"%$,1'S,0 #"C" X60$+#+,@ $'C>1,(S,@ +C>,%#+,1+*,*@ o'0$4( =6'%, *'1 ,1?#,(#' *' >'%0"(,0 #"( Z,X" 8;n o90$4( *'($%" *' 06 ,1#,(#' ="%$,1'S,0 'X- X6+#+"@ >'%0>'#$+B,@ ,C"% >"% '1 #"("#+C+'($"bn

*'0,%%"11,*" 6(, 'W>'%+'(#+, >,%, ,6C'($,% '1 Z+'('0$,% >0+#"1F2+#" '( >'%0"?


39/489

37


(,0 #"( !7- !+0'N,%"( 6( >%"2%,C, *' +($'%B'(#+F( *' "#J" 0'0+"('0 2%6>,?1'0@ (" #'($%,*" '( 1"0 >%"Z1'C,0 T ,0>'#$"0 ('2,$+B"0@ 0+(" '( 1"0 '1'C'($"0*' 6(, B+*, >1'(, T ='1+S@ 1, %'0+1+'(#+, T 1,0 J,Z+1+*,*'0 *' ,=%"($,C+'($" >,%,

+*',0@ *4(*"1'0 1, ">"%$6(+*,* *' $'('% 'W>'%+'(#+,0 >"0+$+B,0 '( 2%6>"@ *' ?B+'%"( *,$"0 #6,($+$,$+B"0@ 1, 'W>'%+'(#+, =6' B,1"%,*, C6T >"0+$+B,C'($' >"% "$%,0 >'%0"(,0@ C,($'('%0' '( ="%C,@ >,0,% $+'C>" #"( 1"0 ,C+2"0 T 0,1+% #"(

*'1 '($%'(,C+'($" '( J,Z+1+*,*'0 0"#+,1'0 '( >'%0"(,0 #"( !7- .,0 >'%0"(,0 #"(#"C>'$'(#+,0 *+='%'($'0 *'Z'%3,( $'('% 1, ">"%$6(+*,* *' *'0,%%"11,% (6'B,0 %'?1,#+"('0 T ,>"T"0 >,%, C,($'('% 1,0 T, 'W+0$'($'0- 9( 06 '0$6*+" 71Z'%$"( T .,(? >,%, *'0,%%"11,% %'1,#+"('0 *' ,C+0$,* '($%' 1"0 C+'CZ%"0 *' 6( 2%6>" *' >'%0"?(,0 #"( *+0#,>,#+*,*-

*' *+B'%0,0 '0$%,$'2+,0 *' +($'%,##+F( 0"#+,1@ '0 6(" *' 1"0 ,0>'#$"0 C40 #%3$+#"0 ? 'C"#+"(,1 T 'W>'%+'(#+,0 *' %'#+>%"#+*,* '( 1,0 %'1,#+"('0 3($+C,0 #"( "$%,0 >'%?0"(,0-

!7 >'%*6%,( , 1" 1,%2" *' $"*, 1, B+*,@ C40 ,114 *'1 >'%+"*" *' '0#"1,%+S,#+F(-/"% '11" #"(0+*'%,( *' B+$,1 +C>"%$,(#+, >"$'(#+,% '1 *'0,%%"11" *' $,1'($"0 T J,Z+? '( 1, B+*, ,*61$,D

!

*' >,%#'1,% 1, >%">+, +C,2'(@ #"(0+*'%,(*" 1, *+0#,>,#+*,* 0F1" #"C"6(, >,%$' *' 1, C+0C,@ T >"(+'(*" *' %'1+'B' 1,0 "$%,0 =,#'$,0 '( 1,0


40/489

38


\0"T] 6( *+0#,>,#+$,*"@ " C'X"% $'(2" #+'%$,0 #"C>'$'(#+,0@ >'%" (""$%,0b-

! ?

$6,#+"('0 >"0+$+B,0-

! ? 2"1>'0 #"($%, '1 C6%"]-

! 90$,Z1'#+C+'($" 0'#6'(#+,*" T %',1+0$, *' C'$,0- R>$,% >"% 6( 0+0$'C,*' >%"2%'0" >,0" , >,0" a6( "ZX'$+B" *'$%40 *' "$%"b #"( 6( >1,($',?C+'($" %',1+0$, *' (6'B,0 C'$,0-

! ? ?$"%("@ 0+( 1+C+$,%0' , %'#+Z+%@ 0+(" $,CZ+I( $%,$,(*" *' #"%%'0>"(*'%-

! 90$,Z+1+*,* 'C"#+"(,1- ^,Z+1+*,* *' %'#"("#'% 1"0 *'0'(#,*'(,($'0 *'1'0$%I0 T *'0,%%"11,% '0$%,$'2+,0 *' ,=%"($,C+'($" '='#$+B,0-

., Z,X, ,6$"'0$+C, ,>,%'#' #6,(*" 0' >+'(0, '( %,02"0 >%">+"0 +(*'0',Z1'0 a*'0?=,B"%,Z1'0b@ T 1, >%">+, *+0#,>,#+*,* >6'*' 0'% 6(" *' '0$"0 ,0>'#$"0 ('2,$+B"02'('%,(*" '0$%I0 T ,(0+'*,*- ."0 (+N"0 #"( !7 (" 0F1" $+'('( ,(0+'*,* T =,1$, *' ?

>+'(0'( '( 060 #,%,#$'%30$+#,0 >"0+$+B,0 a=,B"%,Z1'0b- 5J"%$ aeUUVb@ X6($" , "$%"0 ?

#+,1C'($' '( '1 $'%%'(" >'%0"(,1@ (" 'W#160+B,C'($' '( '1 ,#,*IC+#"- 562+'%' , ?%'0 >,%, C'X"%,% 1, #,1+*,* *' B+*, *' 06 ,16C(,*"-

?#+"(,% C'X"% '( '1 C6(*" ,#,*IC+#"- 91 $%,Z,X" *' `,6*' aeUULb 0' J, #'($%,*"'( *'0,%%"11,% 1, #"C>%'(0+F( *' 1, 'W>'%+'(#+, *' ='1+#+*,* T #FC" 1, >'%#+Z'( 1"0 ?

?$+#+>,%"( '( 1, +($'%B'(#+F( %'1,$,%"( 6( ,6C'($" *' 06 ,6$"#"(#'>$" ,#,*IC+#"-


41/489

39


)5'02#$35'1$

9( '0$' ,%$3#61" J' >%'0'($,*" ,126("0 J,11,S2"0 %'#+'($'0 *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"?0+$+B, >,%, '1 C6(*" '*6#,$+B"@ '( 2'('%,1@ T >,%, '1 ,16C(,*" #"( !7@ '( >,%?

?>'%,(S,*"%'0 J,11,S2"0 *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, , '0$' $+>" *' ,16C(,*"-

?$+B" *'Z' Z60#,% ' +C>610,% *'#+*+*,C'($' '1 C40 '1'B,*" (+B'1 *' Z+'('0$,%'C"#+"(,1@ >0+#"1F2+#" T 0"#+,1 a^"j'11@ eUULb '( '0$' $+>" *' ,16C(,*" %'0+0$'(#+, a`,6*'@ eUULb@ ,03 #"C" 060 >,0+"('0 >'%0"(,1'0- 70>'#$"0 $"*"0 '11"0 eUUKb-

., >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B, >%">"(' 6( =%'($' *' ,#$6,#+F( ,>"T,*" 0"Z%' K >+1,%'0- 91 ,#+'%$" '1 #,C+("D *'0,%%"11,% '*6#,#+F( 0"#+"'C"#+"(,1 T I$+#,- 91 0'26(*" >+1,%06>"(' ="%$,1'#'% 1"0 %,02"0 >'%0"(,1'0 >"0+$+B"0 C'*+,($' 6(, '*6#,#+F( *'1 ?1, >'%0+0$'(#+, T '1 ,6$"#"($%"1?@ *'0,%%"11,(*" 1, %'0+1+'(#+,@ ,03 #"C" 1,0 B+%$6*'0" ="%$,1'S,0@ 0+26+'(*" '1 #,C+(" $%,S,*" >"% >%"2%,C,0 '*6#,$+B"0 *' >%"Z,*,

/%"C"B'% 1, ="%C,#+F( *' +(0$+$6#+"('0 '*6#,$+B,0 2'('%,*"%,0 *' #1+C,0 >"0+?

$+B"0 '0 '1 $'%#'% >+1,% *' 1, >0+#"1"23, >"0+$+B,- 90$+C61,(*" T =,B"%'#+'(*" '1'0$,Z1'#+C+'($" *' +($'%,##+"('0 >"0+$+B,0 0' #"($%+Z6T' *'#+*+*,C'($' , '11"a5,jp,?)+11'% T )+11,%@ eUUVb- 90$" '0 ,>1+#,Z1'@ ,0+C+0C"@ , "$%" $+>" *' +(0$+$6#+"?('0 #"C" 1, =,C+1+,?J"2,%@ 1,0 "%2,(+S,#+"('0 " ,0"#+,#+"('0 0"#+,1'0 T #"C6(+$,?

., #%',#+F( *' %'1,#+"('0 , 1,%2" >1,S" '($%' '*6#,*"%'0 T >,*%'0 >,%, 2'('%,%'0#6'1,0 T J"2,%'0 0'26%"0@ ,='#$+B"0 T 0'(0+Z1'0 #"($%+Z6T'@ '("%C'C'($'@ , '(?0'N,% , 1"0 (+N"0 , 0'% C40 #"C>'$'($'0 0"#+,1@ 'C"#+"(,1@ I$+#, T #"2(+$+B,C'($'

?$+B, *' $"*"0 1"0 +($'2%,($'0 *' 1, #"C6(+*,* '*6#,$+B, '0 6(" *' 1"0 >%+(#+>+"0


42/489

40


8"C6(+*,* '*6#,$+B,@ >,*%'0@ >%"='0"%'0@ >%"='0+"(,1'0 *' 1, 0,16*@ '$#-@ 0"('0'(#+,1'0 >,%, '1 IW+$" *'1 (+N" T *'Z'%3,( #"($%+Z6+% ,1 1"2%" *' 06 *'0,%%"11" ?

1, $%+Z6 '($'%,]-

REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRFICAS

=%+'(*0J+> 2%"6>D 7 0"#+,1 0Y+11 2%"6> ="%>'">1' j+$J 1',%(+(2 *+0,Z+1+$+'0- !'()(C70' B2"74.'.*" \ B$.?'$ V(-4 L$0%)()*>(20#('(-($26 ] Y6KK?KL-

>"0+$+B' T"6$J *'B'1">C'($@ ,(* $J'%"1' "= C',(+(2=61('00 "= '(2,2'C'($-U4$ .&%)0' .5 B.2(-(D$ B2"74.'.*" _ aeb@

T '*6#,#+F(- 90Z"S" *' 6(, '*6#,#+F(*'0*' T >,%, 1, ='1+#+*,*- 9( 7- 8,%6,?(, Q,NF a#""%*-b@ F?'(707(.)$2 $/&70C-(D02 /$ '0 ?2(7.'.*G0 ?.2(-(D0 `??H:_CWIYH_'('%,1+$,$ Q,1'(#+,(,@ 8"(0'11'%+,*d9*6#,#+F-

81"(,(@ 5- )-@ 8J,="61',0@ 5-)-@ )#!"62,1@ ?$+B' >0T#J"1"2T 2"'0 $" 0#J""1D ,%' j'$J'%' T'$n B2"74.'.*" () -4$ R74..'6 [:`:Y

,(* ,#,*'C+# '*6#,$+"(D #%',$+(2 , #1+?C,$' ="% 1',%(+(2@ >,%$+#+>,$+"( +( *'?C"#%,#T@ ,(* j'11?Z'+(2- D 7 %'B+'j "= 'C'%2+(2 1+$'%?,$6%' ,(* 'B+*'(#' Z,0'- U4$ .&%)0' .5B.2(-(D$ B2"74.'.*"6 W

? ?(+(2 , >"0+$+B' >0T#J"1"2T 2%"6> j+$J>'">1' j+$J 1',%(+(2 *+0,Z+1+$+'0- !'()(C70' B2"74.'.*" \ B$.?'$ V(-4 L$0%)()*

>(20#('(-($26 ]

>%"2%,C0 $J,$ 0''Y $" >%"C"$' >'%0"(?,1 ,(* 0"#+,1 0Y+110 +( #J+1*%'( ,(* ,*"?1'0#'($0- FA ^ !.AA&)(-" B2"74.'6 [W6

?#J"1"2T "= C'($,1 %'$,%*,$+"(- FA$%(C

70) ^.&%)0' .5 K%-4.?2"74(0-%"6 X_ aeb@

:'%(4(*'S?!"C+(26'S@ )- ,%, ,T6*,%, #"(0$%6+%1,- Z$D(2-0 @)-$%&)(D$%2(-0C%(0 /$ S.%A07(=) /$' B%.5$2.%0/.6 _; H

:"%$J@ H- H-@ p,0J*,(@ G- M-@ k6%Y'j+#S@ 8-@ :,(@


43/489

41


,#$+B+$+'0D '(2,2'* 1+B+(2 +( ,*"1'0#'($0,(* +$0 %"1' +( >0T#J"1"2+#,1 j'11?Z'+(2-U4$ ^.&%)0' .5 B.2(-(D$ B2"74.'.*"6 W

Z6'("0 0'($+C+'($"0- a$)-$ " 7$%$#%.6I

_"1*Z'%2@ (20#('(-($2 Z$2$0%74 \ B%07C-(7$6 :I `8Y6

?

*'C+# %'0+1+'(#' ,(* +$0 >0T#J"1"2+#,1,(* '*6#,$+"(,1 #"%%'1,$'0D , #"(0$%6#$B,1+*+$T ,>>%",#J- B2"74.'.*" () -4$R74..'26 [; `;Y6

),T'% H- !-@ T 5,1"B'T@ /- aeLLVb og6I '0 1,+($'1+2'(#+, 'C"#+"(,1n 9( H- )- ),'0?$%' `,B,0 T /- :'%(4(*'S M'%%"#,1 a8"?"%*-b@ a0)&0' /$ ()-$'(*$)7(0 $A.7(.)C0'H ),*%+*D /+%4C+*'-

$" *+0,Z+1+$T $J'"%+S+(2 ,(* %'0',%#J=%"C >"0+$+B' >0T#J"1"2T- >(20#('(-" 0)/Z$40#('(-0-(.)

`,6*'@ )- )- aeUULb- 7( +(B'0$+2,$+"("= J"j #J+1*%'( j+$J 1',%(+(2 *+=? ?1,$+"( $" 0#J""1 ,(* 1',%(+(2- G'? J$$>Dii6+%-6(+0,-,#-S,iWC16+iZ+$0$%',Ci

C20A($)-.H L0 ()-$'(*$)7(0 /$ '02 $A.7(.C)$2HM,%#'1"(,D /,+*F0-

B.% 3&Q '0 /$A.7%07(0 )$7$2(-0 /$ '024&A0)(/0/$2H ),*%+*D p,$S 9*+$"%'0-

/,1"C'%, ),%$3(@


44/489

42


7- 8,%6,(,Q,NFF?'(707(.)$2 $/&70-(D02 /$ '0 B2(C7.'.*G0 ?.2(-(D0H _'('%,1+$,$ Q,1'(#+,(,D8"(0'11'%+, *d9*6#,#+F-

"%$,1i#"CiZ+(i8"($'(+*"0i/59i"%+'($,#+"(T,$'(#+"(*+B'%0+*,*i

"%+'($,#+"(i/6Z1+#,#+"(#"C>1'$,?

`6%$6%+(2 #%',$+B+$T +( $J' #1,00%""C@'*+$'* ZT "0+$+B' 'C"$+"(@ 0"#+,1#"C>'$'(#' ,(* 0TC>,$JT- U4$ ^.&%)0'.5 B.2(-(D$ B2"74.'.*" [aKb@ eeK?eKK-

5,jY,?)+11'%@ p- !-@ q )+11'%@ !-@ aeUUVb- GJ'$J+%* >+11,%D 1+(Y+(2 >"0+$+B' >0T#J"1"?2T ,(* 0#J""1?j+*' >"0+$+B' Z'J,B+"%06>>"%$- R74..' B2"74.'.*" S.%&AH Z$C

2$0%74 () ?%07-(7$6 8 `:Y6

('j 6(*'%0$,(*+(2 "= J,>>+('00 ,(*j'11?Z'+(2- `'j k"%YD :%'' /%'00-

L0 0&-Q)-(70 5$'(7(C/0/H M,%#'1"(,D9*+#+"('0 M@ 5-7-

5J+(@ `-@ Q,62J(@ M- 9-@ 7Y'%0@ Q-@ p+C@ )-@5$'B'(0@ 5-@ p%ST0+Y@ .-@ 8">>"1,@ _-@M"0$@ p-p-@ )#M%+*'@ M- 7-@ q p"%$J@ M-@

?#'00=61n G'0$+(2 , #'($%,1 >%'C+0' "=>"0+$+B' >0T#J"1"2T +( , 0,C>1' "= >%'?

0#J""1 #J+1*%'(- U4$ ^.&%)0' .5 B.2(-(D$B2"74.'.*"6 _

GJ' %"1' "= >"0+$+B' >0T#J"1"2T #"(?0$%6#$0 +( >%'*+#$+(2 1+=' 0,$+0=,#$+"( +(,*"1'0#'($0 j+$J ,(* j+$J"6$ #"2(+$+B'*+0,Z+1+$+'0D ,( 'W>1"%,$"%T 0$6*T- U4$^.&%)0' .5 B.2(-(D$ B2"74.'.*"6 : KV?

5J"%$@ 5- aeUUVb- GJ' '=='#$0 "= , >"0+?$+B' >0T#J"1"2T +($'%B'($+"( "( $J'0'1=?#"(#'>$ "= 0$6*'($0 j+$J 1',%(+(2*+0,Z+1+$+'0- RZ$'(+*" '1 ee *' "#$6Z%'

?%'($,1 ,( #J+1*%'(d0 #J,%,#$'% 0$%'(2$J0,(* $J'+% $%,(0+$+"( $" '1'C'($,%T0#J""1- U4$ ^.&%)0' .5 B.2(-(D$ B2"74.'C.*"6 X

?

2+$6*+(,1 ,#,*'C+# "6$#"C'0 >%'*+#$'*ZT ',%1T ,*"1'0#'($0r06ZX'$+B' j'11?Z'?+(2@ >0T#J">,$J"1"2T@ ,(* C'($,1J',1$J 0$,$60 T+'1*'* =%"C , *6,1 =,#$"%C"*'1- U4$ ^.&%)0' .5 B.2(-(D$ B2"74.'C.*" _ `:Y6

Z'$j''( >0T#J"1"2+#,1 j'11?Z'+(2 ,(*+(*+#,$"%0 "= ">$+C+0C- ^.&%)0' .5 Z$C

2$0%74 () B$/0*.*" 0)/ B2"74.'.*"6 :`:Y

!=A. /0% 7'02$ 0 '.23&$ ). 3&($%$)HM,%#'1"(,D _%,F-

_- ^'%B40 G"%%'0 a#""%*-b- L0 7($)7(0 /$'#($)$2-0%H S&)/0A$)-.2 /$ &)0 ?2(7.'.C*G0 ?.2(-(D0

9*+$"%+,1-

J',1$J (''*0 "= #J+1*%'( ,(* ,*"1'0?


45/489

43


#'($0 j+$J 1',%(+(2 *+0,Z+1+$+'0- !&%%K?() B2"74(0-%"6 8W `WY

$J' 0$"%TD GJ' +C>"%$,(#' "= ,>>1T+(2

,( '$J+#0 1'(0 $" $J' $',#J+(2 "= >"0+?$+B' >0T#J"1"2T- U4$ ^.&%)0' .5 B.2(-(D$B2"74.'.*"6 _

?0+*,*'0 *' '*6#,#+F( '0>'#+,1-Z$D(2-0/$ ,/&707(=)6 )b $c-%0.%/()0%(.6 [WCX;H

?

$%,+$ "= %+0Y ,(* %'0+1+'(#' +( ',%1T #J+1*?J""*-


46/489

44


^_XE`> !84?>M?a

86,(*" 'C>'#I , '0$6*+,% \!'0,%%"11" #'%'Z%,1 +(=,($+1] '( 90$,*"0 A(+*"0 , ? 06>'%B+0,% C+ ,>%'(*+S,X'@ *' %'0"1B'% C+0 (6C'%"0,0 *6*,0@ *' ,>"T,% C+ #,%%'%,>%"='0+"(,1 T #"( 1"0 ,N"0 0' #"(B+%$+F '( 6(, *' C+0 C'X"%'0 ,C+2,0- 90$, C6X'%%'06'1$, T #6%+"0,@ J,Z3, 11'2,*" ,1 '0$6*+" *'1 #'%'Z%"@ *'0>6I0 *' >1,($',%0' ,16C("0- k"@ 0+( 'CZ,%2"@ J,Z3, '0$6*+,*" 88 M+"1F2+#,0 '( 90>,N,@ '( 1, A(+? ?23, )"1'#61,% T '0$,Z, ,>,0+"(,*, >"% 1"0 >"$'(#+,1'0 *' ,##+F( T 1,0 0+(,>0+0- .,0 ?$,% '($'(*'% '1 #"C>"%$,C+'($" *' 6( (+N"@ 0+ (" #"("#'C"0 '1 =6(#+"(,C+'($" #'%'Z%" 0+( '($'(*'% '1 #"C>"%$,C+'($" J6C,(" >'%" (" >"*'C"0 '($'(*'% '1

? ?%'C"0 11'2,% , '($'(*'% *' ="%C, C40 >%"=6(*, , (6'0$%" ,16C(,*"-

?

T 142%+C,0- 7 $%,BI0 *' I1@ '( >,%$+#61,%@ ("0"$%"0 >'(0,C"0@ B'C"0@ "3C"0 T*+0$+(26+C"0 1" ='" *' 1" J'%C"0"@ 1" C,1" *' 1" Z6'("@ 1" ,2%,*,Z1' *' 1"*'0,2%,*,Z1']-G'W$" ,$%+Z6+*" , ^+>F#%,$'0 a0+21" Q ,- 8b-

CEREBRO Y APRENDIZAJE

M Jess Lpez Juez

NU& ''$*02-$ 0 '.2 )(1.2 ?.% $' 7$%$#%.6 ". ''$*&$ 0' 7$%$#%. ?.% '.2 )(1.2Oa.+*j+(, B,( !TYb


47/489

45


?

? $"*"0 1"0 4CZ+$"0 *' 1, B+*, *'1 0'% J6C,("@ >'%" '0>'#+,1C'($' '( '1 #,C>" *'1, '*6#,#+F( T '1 *'0,%%"11" +(=,($+1- /"% '11" 6(, ,>%"W+C,#+F( , 1, '0$%6#$6%, T 1, ? '( '1 #,C>" *' 1, '*6#,#+F(-

?' +1*23,%, C,($'('%0' B+B"@ '0$" 0"1" 1" #"(0+26' 0+ '(#6'($%, 6( ? 2'('%,1- `" ,03 '( "$%,0 >,%$'0 *'1 >1,('$,@ >'%" '0" '0 "$%, #6'0$+F(- 56>'%,*,0

?

?B'(#+, , 1,%2" >1,S"- 90$" '0 '0>'#+,1C'($' #+'%$" >,%, 1, 06>'%B+B'(#+, '( '1 '1 #6,1 1"0 *"#'($'0 0' '(=%'($,( *3, , *3,- ., =,1$, *' C"$+B,#+F( '( '1 ,>%'(*+?

?


48/489

46


*,N,% '1 #'%'Z%" #"C" F%2,("@ >"% 'X'C>1" 6( >%"Z1'C, '( '1 (,#+C+'($" " 0+ 0' ? '0$6*+,% '1 #'%'Z%" T 06 'B"16#+F(@ ,03 #"C" 1,0 *+B'%0,0 '$,>,0 "($"2'(I$+#,0 >"%1,0 #6,1'0 >,0, '( 06 *'0,%%"11"-

#'%'Z%" J6C,(" '0 >%+C"%*+,1C'($' 'C"#+"(,1- 7 C'*+,*"0 *'1 0+21" OO@ '1 !%- \'1 #+%#6+$" *' /,>'S]@ #"(0$%6T'(*" 6(, 0F1+*, Z,0' >,%, 1, $'"%3, *' 1,0 'C"? 90>'#+,1C'($' *"0@ J,( $'(+*" 6(, 2%,( %'1'B,(#+,D \91 #'%'Z%" 'C"#+"(,1] *' >'%C+$+*" '($'(*'% #"( C,T"% >%"=6(*+*,* #"C" =6(#+"(,( '0$"0 #+%#6+$"0 'C"? ? '0>'#+,1+0$,0 '( '1 #,C>" *' 1, ('6%"#+'(#+,-

? $"*"0 1"0 06#'0"0 *' 1, B+*,- 5+ '1 '0$3C61" (" #"($+'(' 'C"#+F(@ '0 *'#+% '1 Z,%(+S $'(3,C"0 0'($,*" , (6'0$%" 1,*" '( Kf *' >%+C,%+, '0 6(" *' (6'0$%"0 C'X"%'0,C+2"0 ? Z,%(+S 'C"#+"(,1 *' >1,#'% ? %'#"%*,%'C"0 06 ("CZ%' " 06 #,%,- /"% "$%"

#"1'$,0 '( #1,0' ? Z,%(+S 'C"#+"(,1 *' C+'*" " '0$%I0 ? $,CZ+I( B'(*%4 =4#+1C'($', (6'0$%, C'C"%+,-


49/489


50/489

48


? ? *' 1, $,%', '$#- A(, B'S 1, $,%', 0' J, ,>%'(*+*"@ '( 1, %'>'$+#+F( *' *+#J, $,%',

#"( '1 C3(+C" 2,0$" *' '('%23, >"% >,%$' *'1 0+0$'C,- 703 "#6%%' >"% 'X'C>1"@

6(, =6(#+F( #'%'Z%,1 ? 114C'0' 1'#$6%,@ #"C>%'(0+F(@ 1'(26,X'@ '0#%+$6%,@ '$#-? '0 0+( 1,0 #6,1'0 *+#J, =6(#+F( (" 0' >6'*' %',1+S,%-

., >%+C'%, '0 1, 'W+0$'(#+, *'1 #+%#6+$" " #+%#6+$"0 #'%'Z%,1'0 '(#,%2,*"0 *' 1,C+0C,- 5+( '0$, >%'C+0, +(+#+,1 '0 +C>"0+Z1' %',1+S,% *+#J, $,%',- `" '0 >"0+Z1' '0$%6#$6%, T *+#J, =6(#+F(-

91 #,0" *' 1, 1'#$6%, ("0 >6'*' 0'%B+% *' 'X'C>1"- ."0 J6C,("0 >"*'C"0 1''%@ ? B+06,1'0 (" J,( C,*6%,*" ,*'#6,*,C'($'n 91 (+N" (" >"*%4 1''%@ ,6( #6,(*"060 #"C>,N'%"0 *' #1,0' 03 1" J,2,( T 06 '*,* #%"("1F2+#, ,03 1" '0$+>61'- /"% 1"

'0$I >%'>,%,*" >,%, '0$, =6(#+F(@ #"C" 1, #"(0$,(#+, *' ="%C,@ 1, C'C"%+, B+06,1@

?$' *+0>"(+Z1' >,%, >"*'% >"('% '( =6(#+"(,C+'($" *+#J" #+%#6+$"- 90$, '('%23,Z+"1F2+#, >%"B+'(' *' 1"0 ,1+C'($"0@ 1, "W+2'(,#+F( #"%%'#$, T 6("0 ,*'#6,*"0#+#1"0 *' 06'N" ' +(#160" *' 1, >%">+, 0,16* *'1 (+N"- 91 5`8 '0 6( F%2,(" C6T#"0$"0" , (+B'1 C'$,ZF1+#" #6T" "ZX'$+B" 0+'C>%' '0 1, J"C'"0$,0+0@ #"C" J'C"0

?


51/489

49


1, +(#"(0+0$'(#+, *'1 %'(*+C+'($" *' ,126("0 ,16C("0 , 1" 1,%2" *'1 *3,@ *' 1,

0'C,(, " *'1 #6%0"-

=6(#+"(,C+'($" *+#J, =6(#+F( #'%'Z%,1n 91 0+0$'C, C"$+B,#+"(,1 '0$4 0+'(*" '0$6?*+,*" >"% (6C'%"0"0 2%6>"0 *' +(B'0$+2,#+F( #"C" >,%$' *'1 #'%'Z%" 'C"#+"(,1@ ? ? ?(I$+#,- 5+ "Z0'%B,C"0 1,0 Z,#$'%+,0 '( 6( #,1*" *' #61$+B" '( 6( 1,Z"%,$"%+"@ '0$"0 1, 06>'%B+B'(#+,- 86,(*" '0$" 1" $%,01,*,C"0 , 1"0 0'%'0 J6C,("0 =6(#+"(, *' 1, 1, #6'0$+F(D '1 ,>1,S,C+'($" *' 1, %'#"C>'(0,- ., ,>,%+#+F( *'1 #"(#'>$" *' $+'C? ? '( '1 $+'C>"@ '0 *'#+% , 1,%2" >1,S"-

/"(2,C"0 6( 'X'C>1"D B,C"0 , #"C'(S,% , '(0'N,% '( (6'0$%" ,61, '1 >%"#'0"

*' 1, *+B+0+F(- 9( 6( 2%6>" *' (+N"0 '0$, $,%', '0 6(, =6'($' *' >1,#'%@ >"% 1" #6,10' ,#'%#,( , '11, *+0>6'0$"0 T \C"$+B,*"0]- 5+( 'CZ,%2"@ '( "$%" 2%6>" *' (+N"0 ?11'D o."0 #+%#6+$"0 ('6%"(,1'0 >%'B+"0 0"( #"C>1'$,C'($' C,*6%"0 T =6(#+"(,1'0n@ 5+ '0$, $,%', '0 6(, =6'($' *' *+0#"(="%$ '1 (+N" $+'(*' , ,1'X,%0' *' '11,- o/6'*' ?

(" C'%'#' 1, >'(, +($'($,%1"-


52/489


53/489

51


*' ="%C, 1+(',1 " 21"Z,1@ 0' '(=%'($, ,1 C6(*" *' 6(, ="%C, C40 %,#+"(,1 " C40'C"#+"(,1- 8,*, >%"='0"% *'Z'%3, 0'% #"(0#+'($' *' #6,1 '0 06 '0$+1" #"2(+$+B">'%0"(,1 T ,(,1+S,%@ 0+ *'0*' I1@ '0$4 11'2,(*" , $"*"0 060 ,16C("0 " 0"1" , 6(,

, 06 ,16C(,*" #"( +26,1'0 #,%,#$'%30$+#,0 , 1,0 06T,0@ T '1 >%"#'0" *' ,>%'(*+S,X' ?0+#"@ 21"Z,1 T 'C"#+"(,1- G,1 B'S #"C" >,%$' *' 1, ="%C,#+F( ,#,*IC+#, >%'B+, '(1, ="%C,#+F( *' 2%,*" '( C,2+0$'%+"@ >"*%3,C"0 +(#16+% '0$' $+>" *' ,>%'(*+S,X'$,CZ+I( >,%, ("0"$%"0-

>?X4HMEMb)=E)!

G"*"0 1"0 ,B,(#'0 '( ('6%"#+'(#+, '( 2'('%,1 T '( ('6%">0+#"1"23, '( >,%$+#61,% ? ?0'($, 6(,0 %'21,0 C6T #1,%,0@ #"( 6(,0 '$,>,0 T 6(, 2%,( >1,0$+#+*,* #'%'Z%,1- 91#"(#'>$" *' %'"%2,(+S,#+F( *' #+%#6+$"0@ 1, >1,0$+#+*,* 0+(4>$+#,@ 1, C+'1+(+S,#+F(

'(0'N,%- 9( 1"0 >%+C'%"0 ,N"0 *' 1, B+*, *' 6( (+N"@ 0' >%"*6#' 6(, 2%,( #,($+*,* '0#61$"% $%,Z,X, 0"Z%' 06 "Z%,@ '1 C'*+" ,CZ+'($' B, *,(*" ="%C, ,1 #'%'Z%"- 90$' '0$,Z1'#+*" 06 >,$%F( Z40+#" *' "%2,(+S,#+F( ('6%"1F2+#,@ #"( '1 #6,1 0'26+%4 '(

,>"%$, 1, ('6%"#+'(#+, >6'*'( ,T6*,% , 1"0 *"#'($'0 , '($'(*'% C'X"% 1"0 >%"#'?

0"#+'*,* #,*, B'S C,0 #"C>1'X,@ >'%" , 1, B'S >%"=6(*,C'($' ,(#1,*, '( (6'0$%" ?>1'X"@ $'(2,( %'0>6'0$,0 #%',$+B,0 $,($" , (+B'1 +(*+B+*6,1 #"C" , (+B'1 #"1'#$+B"-

91 #,C>" *' 1, ('6%"*+*4#$+#, >%'$'(*' ,>1+#,% *' ="%C, %'0>'$6"0, , 1"0 >%"?


54/489

52


C'X"% , 1"0 C"C'($"0 *' *'0,%%"11" #'%'Z%,1- /"% "$%" 1,*"@ >,%, #"C>%'(*'%

1"0 >%"Z1'C,0 *' ,>%'(*+S,X' *' 1"0 (+N"0 #"Z%,( 6(, (6'B, *+C'(0+F(@ ,03 #"C"060 >"0+Z1'0 $%,$,C+'($"0-

)H>):XIEH>?I

,B,(S,(*" '( 1, %6$, *'1 #"("#+C+'($" *'1 F%2,(" C40 #"C>1'X" *' (6'0$%" 0+0$'?C,- ."0 >,*%'0 T >%"='0+"(,1'0 *' 1, '*6#,#+F( *'Z'%3,C"0 #"C'(S,% , 'W>1"%,% *3, , *3,-

? >"$'(#+,1 #"C" 0'%'0 J6C,("0-

REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRFICAS @)-$'(*$)7(0 $A.7(.C

)0'HM,%#'1"(,D 9*+$"%+,1 p,+%F0-

,' $%%.% /$ >$270%C

-$2H),*%+*D !'0$+("-

,' 7$%$#%. $A.7(.C)0'- M,%#'1"(,D /1,('$,-

U($A?.2 " $2?07(.2 $) $' 7$%$#%.4&A0).H),*%+*D 71+,(S, 9*+$"%+,1-

?%'Z%"- M,%#'1"(,D 9*+#+"('0 M-

71Z'%$0@ M-@ M%,T@ !-@ .'j+0@ H-@


55/489

53


8,0$+11, *'1 /+("@ 8- aeUUUb- G'"%3, *' 1"0 ?$"%'0-

?

('j'* ="#60 "( $J' *'B'1">+(2 J6C,(

?1"23, J6C,(,- M,%#'1"(,D ),00"( 5-7-

`'6%"Z+"1"23, *' 1, 'C"#+F( T *' 1"00'($+C+'($"0- ),*%+*D 9*- 8%+$+#,-

J"CZ%'- ),*%+*D 9* !'0$+("-

+($%"*6#$+"(- RW="%*D RW="%* A(+B'%0+$T/%'00-

GJ' +C>,#$ "= $J' '(B+%"($C'($ "( $J',(,$"CT "= $J' Z%,+(- `'j k"%YD GJ':%'' /%'00@ ),#C+11,( /6Z1+0J'%0-

:%+'*%+#J@ _- /%'+00@ _- aeUUKb- `'6%"*+*4#?$+#,- )'($' T 8'%'Z%"-;(B'0$+2,#+"( T

(6'0$%, 0+(261,%+*,* #"C" '0>'#+'- M,%?#'1"(,D /,+*F0 G%,(0+#+"('0-

=%"C ('6%"+C,2+(2- H"6%(,1 "= ,*"1'0?

?

1+2'(#+, 'C"#+"(,1- M,%#'1"(,D 9*+$"%+,1p,+%F0-

_"%*"(@ 9- aeUUUb- ;($'2%,$+B' `'6%"0#+?'(#'- M%+(2+(2 $"2'$J'% Z+"1"2+#,1@ >0T?#J"1"2+#,1 ,(* #1+(+#,1 C"*'10 "= $J'J6C,( Z%,+(- 7C0$'%*,CD ^,%*j""*7#,*'C+# /6Z1+0J'%0-

., 1'T =6(*,C'($,1 Z+"2'(I$+#,- M,%#'?1"(,D 9*+$"%+,1 8%+$+#,-

^6$$'(1"#J'%@ /-1'0 "= ('6%,1 0#+'(#'- K%* '*-

`'j k"%YD 910'B+'% 5#+'(#' /6Z1+0J+(28"- ;(#-

?*,*- M,%#'1"(,D 9*+$"%+,1 !'Z,$'-

.'B+$$@ /- aeUUKb- 5$%6#$6%,1 ,(* =6(#$+"(,1C,$6%,$+"( "= $J' *'B'1">+(2 >%+C,$'

2%,( ">"%$6(+*,*- M,%#'1"(,D 7%+'1-

?'%+'0 +( $J' J6C,( Z%,+(- `'6%"0#+'(#'>%'J+0$"%T@ Z%,+( 0$%6#$6%' ,(* =6(#$+"(-G"$"j,@ `'j H'%0'TD ^6C,(, /%'00-

/%'00-

)"%,@ :- aeUUVb- `'6%"#61$6%,D A(, #61$6%,Z,0,*, '( '1 #'%'Z%"- ),*%+*D 71+,(S,9*+$"%+,1-

),*%+*D 71+,(S, 9*+$"%+,1-

)6N"S?8I0>'*'0@ H-)- G+%,>6?A0$,%%"S@ H- ?#,- ),*%+*- 9* 53($'0+0-

?0,%%"11" *' 1, B+*,- M,%#'1"(,D 9*+$"%+,18%+$+#,-


56/489

54


:,($,0C,0 '( '1 #'%'Z%"- ."0 C+0$'%+"0*' 1, C'($' ,1 *'0#6Z+'%$"- ),*%+*-9*+$"%+,1 !'Z,$'-

'" *' '*6#,#+F( 06>'%+"%- ;89-A(+B'%0+*,* *' )6%#+,-

8J,%1'0 8- GJ"C,0 /6Z1+0J'%-

'0 #(.'.*G0 A.'$7&'0%- ),*%+*D 9*+$"%+,1

^I1+#'- 8"(0'X" 56>'%+"% *' ;(B'0$+2,?

9( Z60#, *' 1"0 "%32'('0 *'1 #"C>"%?$,C+'($"- M,%#'1"(,- _,1,W+, _6$$'C?Z'%2-


57/489


58/489

56


? ? *'1+#$+B, *'1 C'("% (" >%"*6#' (+(26(, %',##+F( '( 1, =,C+1+,-

?#+, =,C+1+,%- ., C,*%' #,%'#' *' J,Z+1+*,*'0 '*6#,$+B,0@ '1 >,*%' Z+"1F2+#" '0$4,60'($' T '($%' ,CZ"0 '0 +C>"0+Z1' 1, #"1,Z"%,#+F(- 91 J+X" C,T"% 0' ,*,>$, T '1 1"#,1+*,*@ *' #"1'2+"@ *' ,C+2"0b #"( 1, ,60'(#+, J,Z+$6,1 *' 1, C,*%' >"% C"$+?B"0 *' $%,Z,X"- ."0 #J+#"0 >,0,( C6#J" $+'C>" 0"1"0 '( #,0,@ 0+'(*" 1, $'1'B+0+F(

)+5'525"&* '%1' 06

?1'(#+, *' 1, 0+$6,#+F( 1"0 >,*%'0 11,C,%"( , 1, >"1+#3, T >"0$'%+"%C'($' ,1 5,C6%@ >"1+#3, 1"#,1 T 1, 0"1+#+$6* *' B,1"%,#+F( >"% >,%$' *'1 J"0>+$,1@ +(+#+,( 1, +($'%B'(?#+F( *' 0'%B+#+"0 0"#+,1'0 C6(+#+>,1'0 '( '0$' #,0"-

5'%B+#+"0 0"#+,1'0 0' >"(' '( C,%#J, %'0>"(*+'(*" , 1, +(+#+,$+B, *' 1, >"1+#3, T

!' '0$' C"*"@ +(+#+,C"0 6( >%"#'0" *' +($'%B'(#+F( #"( '0#,0,0 >"0+Z+1+*,*'0*' IW+$" >"% (" +(#16+% '( $"*,0 060 =,0'0 ,1 '1'C'($" =6(*,C'($,1D 1, =,C+1+, #"(>%"Z1'C,0@ 1, #6,1 (" 0' (+'2, ,Z+'%$,C'($' , #"1,Z"%,% >'%" ,Z,(*"(, '1 >%"?#'0" +(+#+,*"-

91 0'26(*" '>+0"*+" $6B" 162,% '( '1 ,N" eUUL #6,(*" 0' >%"*6X" 6( J'#J" *'B+"1'(#+, *' 2I('%" '($%' ),%3, T "(*+'($' *+#$F 6(, "%*'( *' ,1'X,C+'(?$" >,%,


59/489

57


8"( '1 >,%$' *' 1'0+"('0 T 1, "%*'( *' ,1'X,C+'($"@ ),%3, ,#6*+F , 0'%B+#+"0 0"#+,?1'0@ *'0*' *"(*' 0' 0"1+#+$F 1, $'1',0+0$'(#+, CFB+1 T 0' 1' *+'%"( 1,0 +(0$%6##+"('0 ?C,#+F(b@ >6*+'%, 0"1+#+$,% 6(, '*+% 6(, ,T6*, '#"(FC+?

560 #"C'($,%+"0 B,( *'0*' 1, ('#'0+*,* *' \+($'%(,%] , 06 J+X" C'("%@ , 1, 0'26%+? 06 J+X"- /"% 06 >,%$'@ /,Z1" 0' (+'2, , ,#6*+% , 1,0 #"(061$,0 >%"2%,C,*,0 *'0*'1, A5); aA(+*,* *' 5,16* )'($,1 ;(=,($+1b- 9( '0$' 0'26(*" '>+0"*+" 1"0 0'%B+#+"0+C>1+#,*"0 2'0$+"(,( #6,($"0 %'#6%0"0 #"("#'(@ #"($+(6,(*" 0+( Z60#,% 6( '0>,?

? 1, =,C+1+, B6'1B' , ,Z,(*"(,%-

06 J+X" ,($' 1, 26,%*+, #+B+1 $%,0 J,Z'% 06=%+*" 6(, ,2%'0+F( >"% >,%$' *'1 C'("%-90$' J'#J" *+" 162,% ,1 $%,01,*" *' /,Z1" ,1 #'($%" *' %'#'>#+F( *' C'("%'0 *'1, 8"(0'11'%+, *' H60$+#+, T M+'('0$,% 5"#+,1- !+#J" #'($%" #"C6(+#F 1, 0+$6,#+F( ,0'%B+#+"0 0"#+,1'0 T 0"1+#+$F +(="%C'0- /,%,1'1,C'($' 0' *+#$,%"( C'*+*,0 #,6$'1,?

5'%B+#+"0 0"#+,1'0@ >,%, %',1+S,% '1 +(="%C'@ 0' >60" '( #"($,#$" #"( 1, A5); T

'1 >%+C'% #"($,#$" '($%' '1 #'($%" '*6#,$+B" T 0'%B+#+"0 0"#+,1'0- ., +(="%C,#+F(


60/489

58


#6,($" $+'C>" B,( , >"*'% 0">"%$,%1" '( '1 #'($%"-

?*+#"0@ , $"*, 1, %'* *' %'#6%0"0 0"#+,1'0 >,%, (6'B,C'($' *'#+*+% '1 ,Z,(*"("*' $"*"0 '11"0- 5"1+#+$, '1 #'0' *' 1, 26,%*, '( '1 #'($%" *' C'("%'0 T 0' 1" 11'B,

? ?*,- 86,(*" 1"0 %'#6%0"0 #"C6(+$,%+"0 $%,$,( *' >%">"%#+"(4%0'1, 1, %'#J,S, Ti",Z,(*"(, '1 >%"#'0" +(+#+,*"- A( $+'C>" *'0>6I0 B6'1B' , +(+#+,%0' '1 #,C+("#+%#61,% ,($' 6(, (6'B, 0+$6,#+F( *' ,1,%C,-

91 0+0$'C, %'0>"(*' #,*, B'S #"( $"*"0 060 %'#6%0"0 , #,*, >'$+#+F( *' ,T6? ,>%'#+,Z1'0-91 0+0$'C, 0' +C>%'2(, *'1 '0$+1" T *'1 %+$C" *' 1, =,C+1+, T #"( '11, ?#+F( 0' C,($'(2, +26,1- 7CZ"0@ =,C+1+, T 0'%B+#+"0@ #,C+(,( '( >,%,1'1" >"% 6( *' +C>"$'(#+,@ '1 >%"2%'0+B" *'$'%+"%" *' 1, 0+$6,#+F(-

*' %'#6%0"0 #"C6(+$,%+"0 +C>1+#,*, '( 1, ,$'(#+F( *' '0$' #,0" a,('W" eb@ #6C?>1+'(*" #,*, 0'%B+#+" 06 =6(#+F(@ T $%,Z,X,(*" *' ="%C, #""%*+(,*, '($%' '11"0@ ("

>,%, C'X"%,% 1, %'1,#+F( *' 1"0 C+'CZ%"0 *' '0$, =,C+1+,@ T #"( '11, >"$'(#+,% 6(,0#"(*6#$,0 ,*'#6,*,0 ,1 #+#1" B+$,1 *'1 C'("%-

91 '0$,*" *' Z+'('0$,% J, #%',*" 6(, %'* *' 0'%B+#+"0 *"(*' '1 #+6*,*,(" >6'*' ?

0+Z1' ,($' 1, *'C,(*,- /,%, AZ+'$" aeUULb '0$,% '( %'*@ (" '0 6(, ">#+F(@ '0 6(


61/489

59


? >'%0"(,0 a#1+'($'0@ 606,%+"0@ >,#+'($'0@ =,C+1+,0@ ,16C("0b %'#"%%'( *+0$+($"0 0'%?

'0>,#+" >,%, #"C>,%$+% T ,(,1+S,% 1, +(="%C,#+F(@ #"("#'% T B,1"%,% 1,0 ,##+"('0%',1+S,*,0 J,0$, 11'2,% , #"(#%'$,% 6( >1,( *' +($'%B'(#+F( >,%, '0' #,0" #"(#%'$"-

8"C" #"(0'#6'(#+, *+%'#$, *' '11"@ "%+'($,C"0 ,1 06X'$" >"% 6( +$+('%,%+" '($%' %'* >"% =,1$, *' #""%*+(,#+F(-

9( '0$' C"*'1" *' $%,Z,X" '( %'*@ 1"0 0'%B+#+"0 6$+1+S,C"0 1, *'%+B,#+F( #"C" %'1,#+F( '($%' ("0"$%"0 a'(#6'($%"0 +(="%C,1'0@ 11,C,*,0 $'1'=F(+#,0@ %'6(+"('0@ ,$%,BI0 *' 1"0 #6,1'0 +($'%#,CZ+,C"0 ">+(+"('0@ ,2'(*,0@ +(="%C,#+F( 2'('%,1 0"? ? ,$'(*'% '0' C+0C" #,0"- ." *'%+B, T@ $%,0 1, *'%+B,#+F(@ 0' +(J+Z' *' #"($+(6,% 1,

7J"%, Z+'(@ 1, *'%+B,#+F(@ 0+'(*" 6( +(0$%6C'($" =,#+1+$,*"% *' 1, #"C6(+#,#+F(@ (" ?C+1+, B,T, *' 6( %'#6%0" , "$%" 'X'%#+'(*" 6( #"($%"1 *+0=6(#+"(,1 0"Z%' 1, 0+$6,#+F(- 0'%B+#+" '( 0'%B+#+"@ (" =,#+1+$, 1, ,*J'%'(#+, *' '0$,0 =,C+1+,0 \>+#"$',*"%,0] , 1"0>%"='0+"(,1'0 (+ , 1"0 >%"#'0"0 *' +($'%B'(#+F( +C>1'C'($,*"0 >"% '0$"0-

#"C" >%">+" '0$,(*" '1 'W>'*+'($' ,Z+'%$" T #'%%,*" >'%+F*+#,C'($'- 8"C>,%$+?C"0 +(="%C'0@ *"#6C'($"0 >'%" (" 1, %'0>"(0,Z+1+*,* 0"Z%' '1 >%"#'0" *' +($'%? $"*"0 #"C6(+#,@ #"($,2+,@ +C>%'2(, *' 06 >%">+" %+$C"@ 06 ,(260$+,@ 06 0+$6,#+F(

? ?


62/489

60


?#, *' %'* 0' #"(B+'%$' ,03 '0 6( #"C>%"C+0" '($%' >%"='0+"(,1'0 aTi" 0'%B+#+"0b@ '(#6T, %'1,#+F( '1 'X' >%+(#+>,1 '0 1, #"1,Z"%,#+F(- 90$, '1'##+F( >%+B+1'2+, "$%" $+>"

*' B3(#61" '($%' '11"0@ C40 #'($%,*" '( 0"0$'('% 6(, #"(B'%0,#+F( >'%C,('($',#'%#, *'1 #,0"-

?B+#+"0 %'#"("#'C"0 (6'0$%, +($'%*'>'(*'(#+, T 0+ >"*'C"0 06>'%,% 1, +(J+Z+#+F( ? ? #6'0$+"(,C+'($" *' 1,0 >%">+,0 =6(#+"('0 T %'0>"(0,Z+1+*,*'0@ '0 06 ,1$'%(,$+B,-

?$%"0 606,%+"0 >6'*'( 06=%+% 1,0 #"(0'#6'(#+,0 *' '0$, %'* 2'(I%+#, a*' 1, #""%*+? ?('0 *' C,('%, ,*'#6,*,- /"% '11" >,%'#' #1,%, 1, ('#'0+*,* *' #"(0$%6+% "$%" $+>"

/,%, ">$+C+S,% 1, %'* , (+B'1 1"#,1 0'%3, #"(B'(+'($' ,%$+#61,%1, T #"($,% #"( 1"0>%"='0+"(,1'0 *' *+0$+($,0 4%',0D

! $%,Z,X,*"% 0"#+,1 *'1 #'($%" *' 0,16*@ 6(+*,* *' >%'B'(#+F( #"C6(+$,%+,'( #"(*6#$,0 ,*+#$+B,0-

!

91 4%', *' '*6#,#+F(D 0'%B+#+" >0+#">'*,2F2+#" '0#"1,% T *'>,%$,C'($"*' "%+'($,#+F( *' 1"0 #'($%"0 *' 0'#6(*,%+,-! ?

S,*" *' ,$'(#+F( , =,C+1+, ' +(=,(#+,-

!

0'%B+#+"0-! g6' >6'*,( '0$,% %'>%'0'($,*,0 $"*,0 1,0 '*,*'0@ #"( '0>'#+,1 ,$'(#+F(

, 1, +(=,(#+, T , 1, ,*"1'0#'(#+,-


63/489

61


! 1, >'%0>'#$+B, >%'B'($+B, Ti" *'0*' '1 $%,$,C+'($"-

! g6' 0' #"($'C>1' T >%+"%+#' 1, *+0>"0+#+F( *' 1, =,C+1+, >,%, ,Z"%*,% 1,>%"Z1'C4$+#,-

! g6' 0' >6'*, 2,%,($+S,% 1, #"($+(6+*,* ,0+0$'(#+,1@ 0+ 0' #"(0+*'%, ">"%?$6("-

? J,#'% 6( Z,%%+*" >"% 1, %'* >,%, 0,Z'% 0+ ,126(" *' 1"0 0'%B+#+"0 $+'(' T, ,Z+'%$" 1"0 >%"='0+"(,1'0 +C>1+#,*"0@ T #"(B"#,% 6(, >%+C'%, %'6(+F( *' 1, %'*-

90$, >%+C'%, %'6(+F( $'(*%4 #"C" "ZX'$+B"0 ,C>1+,% 1, +(="%C,#+F( 0"Z%' '1 #,0"@ ? +(+#+,-

? T 1, $"C, *' *'#+0+"('0 0"Z%' "ZX'$+B"0@ $,%',0 T 'B,16,#+F( 0"Z%' '1 >%"#'0" *' >%"#'*+C+'($" *' $%,Z,X" '( %'*-

?I=XMEH M? :! 4?:!)EZ> ?>=4? :HI H4E?>=!MH4?I

R :HI 4?)X4IHI )H@X>E=!4EHIG'(+'(*" '( #6'($, '1 #,0" >%'0'($,*" T 1, $'"%3, *' $%,Z,X" '( %'* ("0 >1,($',?C"0 0+ "$%"0 >%"='0+"(,1'0@ *'0*' 06 4CZ+$"@ #"(B+B'( #"( 0+$6,#+"('0 0+C+1,%'0-M60#,(*" ,126(, %'0>6'0$,@ 6( C,T"% #"("#+C+'($" *' 1, %',1+*,* *' "$%"0 0'%? "%+'($,*"%'0 T 1,0 "%+'($,*"%,0@ '( 06 +($'%B'(#+F( #"( 1"0 #,0"0@ 0' %'1,#+"(,(

%',1+S,( 1"0 *'>,%$,C'($"0 *' "%+'($,#+F( *' 1"0 #'($%"0 *' '*6#,#+F( 0'#6(*,%+,


64/489

62


! 8"("#'% 1,0 #,%,#$'%30$+#,0 *' 1"0 #'($%"0 T *' 060 "%+'($,*"%'0-! !

#"( "$%"0 0'%B+#+"0 #"C6(+$,%+"0-

@*%1+3*2 N 9J%5,%$+#+>,($'0 %'#6%%+C"0 ,1 1+0$,*" *' #'($%"0 *' 9*6#,#+F(

5'#6(*,%+, *' 1, >%"B+(#+, *' 71+#,($' *' 1, 8"(0'11'%+, *' 9*6#,#+F(@ :"%C,#+F(

0'26+C"0 1, =F%C61, *' #41#61" *'1 $,C,N" C6'0$%,1@ *"(*'D

s,e e

?


65/489

63


06>"(' #"C>1'$,% #6'0$+"(,%+"0 T %'C+$+%1"0@ (6'0$%, '0$+C,#+F( *' 1,0 >"0+Z1'0 ?

? #'($%"-

?$+"(,%+" >"% '?C,+1@ ,#"C>,N,*" *' 1, #"%%'0>"(*+'($' #,%$, *' >%'0'($,#+F(@ , C"0$%,%"( +($'%I0 >"% '1 >%"T'#$" T ,#'>$,%"( #"C>1'$,% '1 #6'0$+"(,%+"- !' 1"0 ?

)H@!4)!Q@X>E)E8EHQ )?>=4H !2#9'5$!:!)!>=Y7.;87`G9 8-8- ., /6%30+C, T 5,( :%,(#+0#" ;-9-5- .'"(,%*" *, Q+(#+ ;-9-5 ),%' `"0$%6C ;-9-5- .,0 ."C,0 VUU9. 87)/9..R;-9-5- 9(%+# Q,1"% 5 Q;89`G9 !9.


66/489

64


R`;.;-9-5- ., 8%'6'$,

!:= ,E>!:H8Z

M;7


67/489

65


@!4E>! !:=!M9`;557;-9-5- H"0'> ;Z"%%, !9`;7

;-9-5 +0$"%+,*"% 8J,B,0 _7G7 !9 _R


68/489

66


7 #"($+(6,#+F( >%'0'($,C"0 1"0 *,$"0 ,>"%$,*"0 >"% 1"0 >,%$+#+>,($'0@ #6T,0 #"(?#160+"('0 ("0 062'%+%4(@ $,1 B'S@ (6'B"0 #,C+("0@ (6'B,0 ="%C,0 *' ,#$6,% '( 1,

4?IX:=!MHI

?#+"('0 '( *+#J"0 #'($%"0-

?

/9G


69/489

67


? ?

8"( %'0>'#$" ,1 $+'C>" $%,Z,X,*" '( '1 C+0C" #'($%"@ 1, C'*+, *' >'%C,('(#+, #6%0" T KK ,N"0- 8"( %'0>'#$" , 1, 'W>'%+'(#+, >%"='0+"(,1 *' #,*, "%+'($,*"%i,

)5'01B%5 D+10#1'03* 85+01'%*P1

)6X'%'0

^"CZ%'0

?


70/489

68


?

=*F2* f/ =*+1*$ +1*23A*I6$+#" e

8"C+0+F( *' ,Z0'($+0C" C6(+#+>,1 e

R%2,(+S,% J"%,%+"0 T >%"2%,C,0 #"C" /79 T /'$'(#+,D 1, '0>+%+$6,1


71/489

69


? ? ?*%3,( 0'% 6( ,0>'#$" #"(#%'$" *' 1"0 '>32%,='0 2'(I%+#"0 *' 1, ("%C,-

M*%5$ $5F+1 2* 3'%1+61'03.' %"#'*'(#+, *' 1, 0"1+#+$6* >"*'C"0 #"C>%"Z,%

/"% "$%" 1,*"@ , (+B'1 'W$'%("@ '($%' 1"0 %'#6%0"0 #"C6(+$,%+"0@ 03 "Z0'%B,C"0 C,?

1"0 "%+'($,*"%'0 %'#+Z'( >'$+#+"('0 *' +($'%B'(#+F( *' #,%4#$'% ,#,*IC+#"- `"0

70+0$+% , $"*,0 1,0 0'0+"('0 *' 'B,16,#+F(

7#"C>,N,% , ,16C("0 , ,0"#+,#+"('0

91,Z"%,% +(="%C'0 , 0"1+#+$6* *' 1"0 >,*%'0

8""%*+(,% #"( 1"0 #'($%"0 *' ,$'(#+F( 0,(+$,%+,

8""%*+(,% #"( =,C+1+,0 #"( >,$"1"23,0 '0>'#+,1'0

7$'(#+F(@ 0'26+C+'($" +(*+B+*6,1+S,*" ,1 ,16C(,*"

G%,0>,0,% +(="%C'0 >0+#">'*,2F2+#"0 , 0'%B+#+"0

)'*+,#+F( '0#"1,%

8""%*+(,% '*6#,#+F( >,%, 1, 0,16* T "%2,(+S,%,#$+B+*,*'0 #"C>1'C'($,%+,0 '( '0' #,C>"


72/489

70


?%'0i,0D

!

?1+S,*"0 0+ I0$' 'W#'*' *' 060 #"C>'$'(#+,0-

! #13(+#"-

! ?%+,Z1'0 #"C" '1 $+>" *' >%"Z1'C4$+#,@ $'('% $+'C>" " 1, =,1$, *' %'#6%0"0-

!

=*F2* \/ 8+501,*%'0

91 ,16C(,*"

91 >%"='0"%,*"

., *+%'##+F(

."0 0'%B+#+"0 0"#+,1'0

., A-5-)-;- eL

91 #'($%" *' 0,16*

., A-/-8-8-7 eV

91 5-9-7-:-;- eK

."0 #6'%>"0 *' 0'26%+*,*

R$%"0 a5/9 @ >0+#F1"2"0 *' 2,Z+('$'0 >%+B,*"0@ >%"='0"%'0>,%$+#61,%'0@ "$%"0 "%+'($,*"%'0@ >%"='0"%'0 *' "$%"0#'($%"0@ #'($%"0 *' >%"$'##+F( C'("%@ X6*+#,$6%,b

V


73/489

71


=*F2* d/)*+L0%1+ "0+Z+1+*,*-

)*+L0%1+ ,*%'0 +(*+B+*6,1

91 >%"='0"% +(*+B+*6,1

91 #"(X6($"D ,16C("@ $6$"%@ >,*%'0

91 2%6>" >%"='0"%'0 VK., =,C+1+, (6#1',%

91 2%6>" *' >,*%'0 ee KL


74/489

72


D3"#+* [/X$5 '*+, K

G%,0$"%("0 *' ,1+C'($,#+F( K

`'#'0+*,* *' *+,2(F0$+#" K

)'*+,#+F( =,C+1+,% e G%,0$"%(" *' #"(*6#$, e


75/489


76/489


77/489

75


? (" #"($'0$,(-

? ?#,*"0 '( '1 C+0C"-

?

D3"#+* f- !0035'1$ +12*035'*


78/489

76


? +(="%C,#+F(- G,1 B'S ,CZ"0 $I%C+("0 0' >%'0$'( , *+0$+($,0 +($'%>%'$,#+"('0 >"%

06 2%,( ,C>1+$6* T C"$+B'( 1, 2%,( *+0>'%0+F( *' 1"0 *,$"0-

D3"#+* \-

? ?#+F( T '($%' '11"0 0'N,1,(D

!

!

! ! ., =,1$, *' %'#+>%"#+*,* T *' +($'%#,CZ+" *' +(="%C,#+F( '($%' >%"='0+"?

!

).95 $1 $31'%1' 6*25+*%"='0"%,*"@ 1"0 ,16C("0@ '1 7)/7 T 1"0


79/489

77


)5'02#$35'1$

."0 *,$"0 "Z$'(+*"0 >"% '1 '0$6*+" %',1+S,*" J,( *' 0'% B,1"%,*"0 #"( #,6$'1, >%'0'($, #+'%$,0 1+C+$,#+"('0- !+#J" '0$"@ 1"0 %'061$,*"0 *'1 '0$6*+" ("0 >'%C+$'( #"( 1"0 #,0"0@ 0' %'1,#+"(,( #"( "$%"0 C6#J"0 %'#6%0"0 #"C6(+$,%+"0 , $%,BI0 *' '( %'*-

8"( 1"0 %'061$,*"0 "Z$'(+*"0 "Z0'%B,C"0 #"C" 1"0 "%+'($,*"%'0i,0 %'#+Z'( 0"1+?#+$6*'0 *'1 4CZ+$" 0,(+$,%+" T *'1 4%', 0"#+,1- 71 C+0C" $+'C>" *'%+B,( , 0'%B+#+"0 J'C"0 >%'0'($,*"@ 1"0 >%"='0+"(,1'0 (" #"(0'26+C"0 06C,% '1 '='#$" *' (6'0$%,0 ?#' '( 1"0 >%"='0+"(,1'0 6( ,6C'($" *' 1, *+0$,(#+, #"( %'0>'#$" ,1 #,0"-

?

#+F( C40 6$+1+S,*" '($%' 1"0 0'%B+#+"0 '0 '1 $'1I="(" 0'26+*" >"% '1 *"#6C'($"'0#%+$"- 7CZ"0 C'*+"0 J,#'( >%'B+0+Z1' 1, '0#,0'S *' '(#6'($%"0 >'%0"(,1'0@ *' 1, ('#'0+*,* *' *'0,%%"11,% 6( $%,Z,X" '( %'* , $%,BI0 *'1 #6,1 1"0 >%"='0+"(,1'0'(#"($%'C"0 "$%,0 ="%C,0 *' %'1,#+"(,%("0-

"%+'($,*"%i, 0"( =6(*,C'($,1C'($' *' #,%4#$'% ,#,*IC+#"@ #13(+#"@ =,C+1+,%?%'1,#+"(,1 T ,1 C+0C" $+'C>" '0 , 1"0 0'%B+#+"0 #13(+#"0?0,(+$,%+"0 T 0'%B+#+"0 0"?

?

)6T C,1

e),1

K


80/489

78


>%"='0+"(,1'0 *' $"*"0 1"0 4CZ+$"0 +C>1+#,*"0 '( '1 #,0"@ #"C>%"C+0" T %'#"?("#+C+'($" C6$6"-

AZ+'$"@ H-"0+Z1'0 '( 9*6#,#+F(@ 5,16* )'($,1 T 5'%B+#+"05"#+,1'0- M,%#'1"(,D _'*+0,-

M,00'*,0@ 9- aeUUVb- ),(6,1 *' ,0'0"%,C+'($" >0+#">'*,2F2+#"- M,%#'1"(,D _%,F- 8,>3$61"

\., #"1,Z"%,#+F( '($%' >%"='0+"(,1'0 T '1 $%,Z,X" '( %'*] *' H",( M"(,10 /+#,0 T ),(6'154(#J'S 8,("-

91Y,+C@ )- T "$%"0 aeUUUb- .,0 >%4#$+#,0 *' 1, $'%,>+, *' %'*- M,%#'1"(,D _'*+0,-

-

! /"1+#3, ."#,1-! _6,%*+, 8+B+1-! 91 H6S2,*" *' /%+C'%, ;(0$,(#+, ' ;(0$%6##+F(-! :+0#,13, *' )'("%'0-

5+0$'C, 5,(+$,%+"! 8'($%" *' 5,16*-! 5'%B+#+" *' 7CZ61,(#+,-! ^"0>+$,1-!

A(+*,* *' 5,16* )'($,1 ;(=,($+1 aA-5-)-;-b-! A(+*,* *' 5,16* )'($,1 7*61$"0 aA-5-)-7-b-! _,Z+('$'0 /%+B,*"0 *' /0+#"1"23,-

5+0$'C, *' M+'('0$,% 5"#+,1! 5'%B+#+"0 5"#+,1'0 _'('%,1'0D /%"2%,C, *' ;(="%C,#+F(@ 70'0"%,C+'($"

T R%+'($,#+F( a/;7Rb- /%"2%,C, *' ;($'%B'(#+F( :,C+1+,% a/;:b- /%"2%,C,*' /%'0$,#+"('0 9#"(FC+#,0 a/9;b-

! 5'%B+#+"0 5"#+,1'0 90>'#+,1+S,*"0D 5'%B+#+" 90>'#+,1+S,*" *' 7$'(#+F( ,

:,C+1+, ' ;(=,(#+, a597:;b- 8'($%" *' #+F( *' )'("%'0-! 5'%B+#+" *' 70'0"%,C+'($" H6%3*+#"-! G,11'% >,%, +(C+2%,($'0-


81/489

79


8"(#'X,13, *' 1, )6X'%

5+0$'C, 9*6#,$+B"! 8'($%" *' 9*6#,#+F( ;(=,($+1 T /%+C,%+,! ;-9-5-! 5-/-9-

R$%"0! 591'C'($,#+F( *' 1, +($'%B'(#+F( ,#"%*,*,-! 86C>1+C'($,% 1, *"#6C'($,#+F( *' #,*, #,0"-! /,%$+#+>,% '( 1, 'B,16,#+F( *'1 >%"#'0" *' +($'%B'(#+F(-

91 %'='%'($' *'1 #,0" 0'%4 *'#+*+*" $'(+'(*" '( #6'($, ,126("0 =,#$"%'0D

! ., $%,T'#$"%+, '( '1 #,0"@ >"% 'X- '1 $+'C>" *' +($'%B'(#+F(-

! ., >%"Z1'C4$+#, *"C+(,($' a'0#"1,%@ 0"#+"?=,C+1+,%@ 0,16*b-! ., #,1+*,* *' 1, %'1,#+F( T, '0$,Z1'#+*, #"( 1, =,C+1+, T 1,0 'W>'#$,$+B,0


82/489

80


! 91 >%"(F0$+#" *'1 #,0" T 1, >%'B+0+Z1' *6%,#+F( *' 1, +($'%B'(#+F(-

.,0 =6(#+"('0 *'1 %'='%'($' *'1 #,0" 0'%4(D

! 5'% %'0>"(0,Z1' *' 1, *"#6C'($,#+F(-!

!

I1"#3931'%5 %"#'0" *'0*' 6(, >'%0? #"($+(6,C'($' 1"0 >%"#'0"0-

? ,>"%$,*" 0+ '1 >%"#'0" *' +($'%B'(#+F( J6Z+'%, 0'26+*" '0$' >%"#'*+C+'($"- !'0? >"0+Z+1+*,*D

D*$1


83/489

81


;1'5"+*9*

!"#$%&'#()* ,-% .%/%0/) %* 0)

., $%,Z,X,*"%, 0"#+,1 *'1 /%"2%,C, *' ;(="%C,#+F(@ 70'0"%,C+'($" T R%+'($,#+F(*' 0'%B+#+"0 0"#+,1'0-

7#$6,#+"('0

! "1+#3,@ 0'%B+#+" *' 6%2'(#+,0@ 0'%B+#+"0 0"#+,1'0b@ '(1, =,C+1+, J,T *"0 C'("%'0 T 1, =,C+1+, '0$4 C"B+1+S,*, Z60#,(*" ,T6*,-

! 8"(B"#, 1, %'6(+F( *' 1, %'* #+$,(*" *'1 4CZ+$" '*6#,$+B" ,1 $6$"%i,@ ,1$%,Z,X,*"%i, 0"#+,1 T ,1 >0+#">'*,2"2"i, *'1 5/9- !'1 4CZ+$" 0,(+$,%+" ,1

$%,Z,X,*"%i, 0"#+,1 *'1 #'($%" *' 0,16* T *' 1, A5);- !'1 4CZ+$" 0"#+,1 ,1 T ,1 $%,Z,X,*"%i, 0"#+,1 *'1 597:;-


84/489

82


D*$1 %"='0+"(,1 T 1"0

*' ,#6'%*" #"( 1, 'W>"0+#+F( T ,#'>$, '1 #,0"-

A(, B'S ,#'>$,*" '1 #,0" T *' ,#6'%*" #"( 1, B,1"%,#+F( +(+#+,1 *' 1, >%"Z1'C4$+#, ?

? *' 1, *"#6C'($,#+F(@ a+(="%C'0@ 'W>'*+'($'@ '$#-b@ B'1,% >"% '1 #6C>1+C+'($" *'

?>" '0$,%4 ="%C,*" >"% 1, >0+#F1"2, T $%,Z,X,*"%, 0"#+,1 *'1 597:; T >"% 6(, '*6?#,*"%, 0"#+,1- 7 '11,0 1'0 #"%%'0>"(*' J,#'% 1, 'B,16,#+F( *+,2(F0$+#, *'1 #,0"@'1,Z"%,% 6( >1,( *' +($'%B'(#+F(@ +C>1'C'($,% '1 >1,( '1,Z"%,*"@ 'B,16,% '1 >%"?#'0" T #6C>1+C'($,% 1, *"#6C'($,#+F(-

D*$1 ,%, J,#'%1"@ , $%,BI0 *' '($%'B+0$,0@*' B+0+$,

Inteligencia Emocional Aplicada en Dificultades de Aprendizaje

Documents

Transcript of Inteligencia Emocional Aplicada en Dificultades de Aprendizaje