Post on 07-Apr-2018
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Dr. Juan Rodrguez-Tafur D.
Profesor Asociado de Inmunologa y Farmacologa
Facultad de Medicina
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Secretario General
Sociedad Peruana de Inmunologa y Alergia
PSICONEUROINMUNOLOGIA:
DE LA FE Y LA PLEGARIA
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Nosotros no somos seres humanos
que estan teniendo una experiencia
espiritual somos seres espiritualesque estan teniendo una experiencia
Humana.
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
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La Ciencia sin religin es coja; y la religin
sin ciencia es ciega.
Albert Eistein
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RELACION ENTRELA RELIGION Y SALUD
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Hay una base
?biolgica
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0
0.1-4.9
5.0-7.4
7.5-9.9
10
5.0%5.0%
22.7%
27.3%
40.1%
Self-Rated Religious Coping
The Most Important Factor
Large Extent or More
Moderate to Large Extent
None
Res onses b 337 consecutivel admitted atients to Duke Hos ital Koeni 1998
Small to Moderate
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Religion and Well-being in Older Adults
Religious categories based on quartiles (i.e., low is 1st quartile, very high is 4th quartile)
Low Moderate High Very High
Church Attendance or Intrinsic Religiosity
Well-being
The Gerontologist1988; 28:18-28
Religion and Well-being in Older Adults
Religious categories based on quartiles (i.e., low is 1st quartile, very high is 4th quartile)
Low Moderate High Very High
Church Attendance or Intrinsic Religiosity
Well-
being
The Gerontologist1988; 28:18-28
Religin y Sensacin de Bienestar en Adultos Mayores
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Religion and Depression in Hospitalized Patients
Geriatric Depression ScaleInf ormation based on results f rom 991 consecutively admitted patients (dif f erences significant at p
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Time to Remission by Intrinsic Religiosity
0 10 20 30 40 50
Weeks of Followup
0
20
40
60
80
100
ProbabilityofNon-Remission
%
Low Rel igiosity
Medium Religiosity
High Religiosity
(N=87 patients with major or minor depression by Diagnostic Interview Schedule)
American Journal of Psychiatry 1998; 155:536-542
Tiempo de Remisin por Religiosidad Intrnseca
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0 4 8 12 16 20 24
Weeks of Followup
0
20
40
60
80
100
Probabilityo
fNon-Remission
%
Other Patients
Highly Rel igious(14%)
diagnosis
845 medical inpatients > age 50 with major or minor depression
HR=1.53, 95% CI=1.20-1.94, p=0.0005, after control for
demographics, physical health factors, psychosocial
stressors, and psychiatric predictors at baseline
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Church Attendance and Anxiety Disorder(anxiety disorder w ithin past 6 months in 2,964 adults ages 18-89)
Koenig et al (1993). Journal of Anxiety Disorders7:321-342
Young (18-39) Middle-Aged (40-59) Elderly (60-97)
AnxietyDisorder
Asistencia a la Iglesia y Desorden de Ansiedad
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Low Attendance High Attendance Low Attendance High Attendance77
78
79
80
81
AverageDiastolicBloodPressure
* Analyses weighted & control led for age, sex, race, smoking,
education, physical functioning, and body mass index
Low Pray er/Bible Low Prayer/Bible High Prayer/Bible High Prayer/Bible
p
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Mortality From Heart Disease and Religious Orthodoxy
(based on 10,059 civil servants and municipal employees)
Kaplan-Meier life table curves (adapted from Goldbourt et a l 1993. Cardiology 82:100-121)
Follow-up time, years
Survivalprobability
MostOrthodox
Non-Believers
Differences remain significant after
controlling for blood pressure,
diabetes, cholesterol, smoking,weight, and baseline heart disease
Mortalidad por Enfermeades Cardiacas en Religiosos Ortodoxos
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Six-Month Mortality After Open Heart Surgery
-
0
5
10
15
20
25
%Dead
(2 of 72)
(7 of 86) (2 of 25)
(10 of 49)
(232 patients at Dartmouth Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire)
Hi Religion
Hi Soc Support
Hi Religion
Lo Soc Support
Lo Religion
Hi Soc Support
Lo Religion
Lo Soc Support
Hi Religion
Hi Soc Support
Mortalidad a Seis Meses despus de Ciruga a Corazn Abierto
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Religion
MentalHealth
Social
Support
Health
Behaviors
Stress
Hormones
Immune
System
Autonomic
Nervous
System
Disease
Detection &
Treatment
Compliance
Smoking
High RiskBehaviors
Alcohol & Drug Use
Infection
Cancer
Heart Disease
Hypertension
Stomach &
Bowel Dis.
Accidents& STDs*
Geneticsusceptibility,
Gender,
Age,Race,
Education,
Incom
e
Liver & Lung
Disease
Stroke
ChildhoodTraining
AdultDecisions
ValuesandCharacter
AdultDecision
s
*
Model of Religion's Effects on HealthHandbook of Religion and Health(Oxford University Press, 2001)
Modelo de los Efectos de la Religin en la Salud
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Serum IL-6 and Attendance at Religious Services
Never/Almost Never 1-2/yr to 1-2/mo Once/wk or more
Frequency of Attendance at Religious Services
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Pe
rcentwithIL
-6Levels>5
(1675 persons age 65 or over li ving in North Carol ina, USA)
* bivariate analyses
** analyses controlled for age, sex, race, education, and physical functioning (ADLs)
Citation: International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine1997; 27:233-250
Interleuquina 6 y Asistencia a Servicios Religiosos
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RELACION ENTREFE E INMUNIDAD
AL VIH
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Ser VIH positivo es
estresante7
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Est la depresin asociada con una
ms rpida progresin a
VIH?
38% ms prdida de
clulas T CD4+ /aoBurack, JAMA, 1993
Los hombres con mas sntomasfueron quienes se deprimieronmas. Lyketsos, JAMA, 1993
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Baja progresin del VIH correlaciona
con la baja densidad del receptor CCR5.
La norepinefrina aumentala expresin del receptorCCR5 in vitro a travs dela estimulacion delreceptor de quemoquina
mejorando la expansinviral
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Woods and associates (1999) at the University of Miami surveyed
106 HIV-positive patients about their religious practices and
measured their immune functions. Religious activities, such as
prayer, religious attendance, spiritual discussions, and reading
religious or spiritual literature, were associated with significantly
higher CD4+ counts and CD4+ percentages. Religious coping (such
as putting trust in God, seeking Gods help, or increasing praying)was related to fewer depressive symptoms as measured by the
Beck Depression Inventory (p
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Mas frecuentes terapias alternativasycomplementarias usadas
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Controles sin ejerciciomostraron significativa mayoransiedad y depresin ascomo tambin unadisminucin en su conteo de
clulas Natural Killer.
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Aquellos grupos entratamiento con ejercicios no
mostraron similar cambios ymostraron un significativoaumento en los niveles deLinfocitos CD4+
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La plegaria ha sido clinicamenteexaminada en cohortes de pacientesVIH-negativos en lo que se refiere a laautoestima, la ansiedad, la depresin
y mostraron una mejora significativaen 11 mediciones en los resultados.(OLaire, 1997)
La mayora de participantesVIH+ aumentaron su prcticade rezo desde su diagnsticode HIV.
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Masaje potencia la funcin del sistema
inmune por: Reduciendo la ansiedad y el estrs Aumentando el conteo de glbulos blancos Disminuyendo los niveles de cortisol
Activativando a las clulas Natural Killer.
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2002
Oxford University Press 2002